THEVENIN’S

AND NORTON’S
ANALYSIS
Engr. Anthony T. Reyes
STEPS TO ANALYZE AN ELECTRIC
CIRCUIT USING THEVENIN’S THEOREM
1. Open the load resistor.
2. Calculate / measure the open circuit voltage. This is the Thevenin Voltage
(𝑉𝑇𝐻 ).
3. Open current sources and short voltage sources.
4. Calculate /measure the Open Circuit Resistance. This is the Thevenin
Resistance (𝑅𝑇𝐻 ).
5. Now, redraw the circuit with measured open circuit Voltage (𝑉𝑇𝐻 ) in Step (2) as
voltage source and measured open circuit resistance (𝑅𝑇𝐻 ) in step (4) as a
series resistance and connect the load resistor which we had removed in Step
(1). This is the equivalent Thevenin circuit of that linear electric network or
complex circuit which had to be simplified and analyzed by Thevenin’s
Theorem. You have done.
THEVENIN’S CIRCUIT NORTON’S CIRCUIT

⇔ 𝐼𝑁 𝑅𝑇𝐻

𝑉𝑇𝐻
𝐼𝑁 =
𝑅𝑇𝐻
 EXAMPLE:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:
𝐾𝑉𝐿 @ 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 1:
𝒊𝟐 72 − 5 + 20 𝑖1 + 5𝑖2 = 0
+ 72 − 251𝑖1 + 5𝑖2 = 0
𝟐𝟓𝒊𝟏 − 𝟓𝒊𝟐 = 𝟕𝟐
𝑉𝑇𝐻 𝐾𝑉𝐿 @ 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 2:
𝒊𝟏 𝑲𝑽𝑳
− − 5 + 12 + 8 𝑖2 + 5𝑖1 = 0
5𝒊𝟏 − 𝟐𝟓𝒊𝟐 = 𝟎
Solve 𝑉𝑇𝐻 using MESH ANALYSIS
𝑼𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒎𝒐𝒅𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒚𝒐𝒖𝒓 𝒄𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓:
𝒊𝟏 = 𝟑𝑨 𝒊𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝑨
𝐾𝑉𝐿:
−𝑉𝑇𝐻 + 20𝑖1 + 8𝑖2 = 0
−𝑉𝑇𝐻 + 20 3 + 8(0.6) = 0
𝑉𝑇𝐻 = 20 3 + 8(0.6) 𝑽𝑻𝑯 = 𝟔𝟒. 𝟖𝑽
 EXAMPLE:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:
𝑁𝑂𝑇𝐸:
❖ REMOVE all INDEPENDENT SOURCES
✓ VOLTAGE SOURCES will be SHORTED.
+ ✓ CURRENT SOURCES will be OPENED.
𝑅𝑇𝐻 5Ω 𝑎𝑛𝑑 20Ω 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙: 𝑅𝐴
− 1 1 1 20 + 5
= + =
𝑅𝐴 5 20 5(20)
Solve 𝑅𝑇𝐻 using 20(5) 100
LOOKING BACK RESISTANCE 𝑅𝐴 = = = 4Ω
20 + 5 25
𝑅𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 8Ω 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠: 𝑅𝐵
𝑅𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 12Ω 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙: 𝑅𝑇𝐻
1 1 1 𝑅𝐵 + 12 𝑅𝐵 = 𝑅𝐴 + 8 = 4 + 8 = 12Ω
= + =
𝑅𝑇𝐻 𝑅𝐵 12 12(𝑅𝐵 )
𝑅𝑇𝐻 =
12(𝑅𝐵 )
=
12(12) 144
= = 6Ω 𝑹𝑻𝑯 = 𝟔Ω
𝑅𝐵 + 12 12 + 12 24
EXAMPLE:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:
𝟔Ω
THEVENIN’S
CIRCUIT
𝟔𝟒. 𝟖𝑽

64.8𝑉
𝐼𝑁 = = 10.8𝐴 NORTON’S
6Ω 𝟏𝟎. 𝟖𝑨 𝟔Ω
CIRCUIT
 EXAMPLE:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:

+
𝑉𝑇𝐻 24Ω
𝑖
−
𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐶𝐷𝑇: 8
𝑖 = 15 = 3.75𝐴
8 + 24

𝑂ℎ𝑚′ 𝑠 𝐿𝑎𝑤: 𝑉 = 𝑖𝑅
𝑉12Ω = 𝑉𝑇𝐻 = 3.75 12 = 45𝑉
𝑖

2Ω, 12Ω 𝑎𝑛𝑑 10Ω 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠:

𝑅 = 2 + 12 + 10 = 24Ω
𝑽𝑻𝑯 = 𝟒𝟓𝑽
EXAMPLE:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:

+ +
𝑅𝑇𝐻 𝑅𝑇𝐻
− −
Solve 𝑅𝑇𝐻 using
LOOKING BACK RESISTANCE 2Ω, 8Ω, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 10Ω 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠: 𝑅𝐴
𝑅𝐴 = 2 + 8 + 10 = 20Ω
𝑁𝑂𝑇𝐸:
❖ REMOVE all INDEPENDENT SOURCES 𝑅𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 12Ω 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙: 𝑅𝑇𝐻
1 1 1 𝑅𝐴 + 12
✓ VOLTAGE SOURCES will be SHORTED. = + =
✓ CURRENT SOURCES will be OPENED. 𝑅 𝑇𝐻 𝑅 𝐴 12 12(𝑅𝐴 )
12(𝑅𝐴 ) 12(20) 240
𝑅𝑇𝐻 = = = = 7.5Ω
𝑅𝐴 + 12 20 + 12 32

𝑹𝑻𝑯 = 𝟕. 𝟓Ω
EXAMPLE:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:
THEVENIN’S 𝟕. 𝟓Ω
CIRCUIT
𝟒𝟓𝑽

45𝑉
𝐼𝑁 = = 6𝐴 NORTON’S
7.5Ω 𝟔𝑨 𝟕. 𝟓Ω
CIRCUIT
 PRACTICE PROBLEM:
Find the Thevenin’s and Norton’s Circuit of the given circuit:

NORTON’S
THEVENIN’S
CIRCUIT
CIRCUIT
𝟖Ω

𝟒𝑨 𝟖Ω
𝟑𝟐𝑽
THANK YOU
and
GOD BLESS