BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design

Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath

Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Homework Chapter 10

Given: Q1 ≔ 500 kN Q2 ≔ 750 kN L3 ≔ 4.5 m

kN
L2 ≔ 1 m qall.net ≔ 120 ――
m2
Determine the breadth and length of a rectangular combine footing

Area of the foundation required is

Q1 + Q2
A ≔ ――― = 10.42 m 2
qall.net

Location of the resultant [Eq.(10.2) is

Q 2 ⋅ L3
X ≔ ――― = 2.7 m
Q1 + Q2

For uniform distribution of soil pressure under the foundation from Eq.(10.3) , we have

L ≔ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝L2 + X⎞⎠ = 7.4 m

Again from Eq.(10.4),

L1 ≔ L - L2 - L3 = 1.9 m
Thus,

A
B ≔ ―= 1.41 m
L

B = 1.41 m

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 1
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Given: Q1 ≔ 1000 kN Q2 ≔ 500 kN L3 ≔ 4 m

kN
qall.net ≔ 125 ―― L2 ≔ 1.5 m L1 ≔ 1 m
m2
Determine the values for B1 and B2

The area of the trapezoidal combined footing required is [Eq.(10.6)

Q1 + Q2
A ≔ ――― = 12 m 2
qall.net

L ≔ L1 + L2 + L3 = 6.5 m

B1 + B2
From Eq.(10.7) A ＝ ――― ⋅L
2
or
B1 + B2 ＝ 3.7 m
B2 ＝ 3.7 - B1 (1)

From Eq.(10.8)
Q 2 ⋅ L3
X ≔ ――― = 1.33 m
Q1 + Q2

From Eq.(10.9),
⎛ B1 + 2 B2 ⎞ L
X + L2 ＝ ⎜――― ⎟―
⎝ B1 + B2 ⎠ 3

⎛ B1 + 2 B2 ⎞
⎜―――⎟ ＝ 1.307 (2)
⎝ B1 + B2 ⎠

From (1) and (2)

B1 + 2 ⎛⎝3.7 - B1⎞⎠
―――――＝ 1.307
B1 + ⎛⎝3.7 - B1⎞⎠

B1 + 7.4 - 2 B1
――――― ＝ 1.307
B1 + 3.7 - B1
7.4 - B1 ＝ 1.307 ⋅ 3.7

B1 ≔ -(4.836 - 7.4)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 2
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering
7.4 - B1 ＝ 1.307 ⋅ 3.7 Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

B1 ≔ -(4.836 - 7.4)

B1 = 2.56 m

B2 ≔ 3.7 - B1 = 1.14 m

So the value of B1 = 2.56 m

B2 = 1.14 m

kN
Given: B≔8 m L ≔ 10 m cu ≔ 60 ――
m2
Φ ≔ 0 deg Df ≔ 3 m

Determine the net ultimate bearing capacity

From Eq.(10.12)
⎛ ⎛ 0.195 ⋅ B ⎞⎞ ⎛ ⎛ Df ⎞⎞ kN
qu.net ≔ 5.14 ⋅ cu ⋅ ⎜1 + ⎜――― ⎟⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 + ⎜ 0.4 ⋅ ― ⎟⎟ = 410 ――
⎝ ⎝ L ⎠⎠ ⎝ ⎝ B ⎠⎠ m2

kN
qu.net = 410 ――
m2

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 3
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Given: B≔6 m L ≔ 10 m Df ≔ 2 m

N60 ≔ 23 Se ≔ 75 mm

Determine the allowable net pressure that would limit the settlement 75mm , using Eq.(9.47)
and (10.14)
From Eq.(10.14),

N60 ⎛ ⎛ Df ⎞⎞ ⎛ Se ⎞
qall.net ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.33 ⋅ ⎜― ⎟⎟ ⋅ ⎜―⎟
0.08 ⎝ ⎝ B ⎠⎠ ⎝ 25 ⎠

23 ⎛ ⎛ 2 ⎞⎞ ⎛ 75 ⎞
qall.net ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.33 ⋅ ⎜― ⎟⎟ ⋅ ⎜―⎟
0.08 ⎝ ⎝ 6 ⎠⎠ ⎝ 25 ⎠

kN
qall.net ≔ 957.375 ――
m2

Given: B≔9 m L ≔ 12 m Df ≔ 3 m

kN
N60 ≔ 20 qnet ≔ 250 ――
m2
Estimate the elastic settlement . Use Eq.(10.14)
From Eq.(10.14),
N60 ⎛ ⎛ Df ⎞⎞ ⎛ Se ⎞
qall.net ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.33 ⋅ ⎜― ⎟⎟ ⋅ ⎜―⎟
0.08 ⎝ ⎝ B ⎠⎠ ⎝ 25 ⎠

⎛ qnet ⎞
Se ≔ ⎜――――――― ⎟ ⋅ 25 = 22.523
N
⎜ ―― ⎛ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎞
60
⋅ 1 + 0.33 ⋅ ⎜―⎟⎟ ⎟
f
⎜⎝ 0.08 ⎜⎝ ⎝ B ⎠⎠ ⎟⎠

Se = 22.5 mm

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 4
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

kN
Given: B ≔ 15 m L ≔ 20 m cu ≔ 50 ――
m2

kN kN
γ ≔ 19 ―― Q ≔ 15 ――
m3 m2

a/ Determine the depth of foundation

Calculate the area of foundation

A ≔ B ⋅ L = 300 m 2

Calculate the total load of structure

Qtotal ≔ Q ⋅ A ⋅ 8 = 36000 kN

From Eq.[10.21]
Qtotal
Df ≔ ―― = 6.32 m
A⋅γ

Df = 6.32 m

a/ Determine the factor of safety if the mat is place at 3m depth

Df ≔ 3 m

⎛ 0.195 B ⎞ ⎛ Df ⎞
5.14 ⋅ cu ⋅ ⎜1 + ――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.4 ⋅ ―⎟
⎝ L ⎠ ⎝ B⎠
From Eq.[10.23] FS ≔ ―――――――――――= 5.05
Qtotal
―― - γ ⋅ Df
A
FS = 5.05

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 5
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Given: B ≔ 15 m L ≔ 20 m Df ≔ 3 m

kN kN
Q ≔ 36 MN = 36000 kN γ ≔ 16.5 ―― γsat ≔ 19 ――
m3 m3
eo ≔ 0.82 Cc ≔ 0.35 Cs ≔ 0.06

H1 ≔ 6 m H2 ≔ 11 m Hc ≔ 5 m

a/ Find the net applied pressure on the underlying ground

Q kN
qo ≔ ―― = 120 ――
(B ⋅ L) m2
b/ Is the clay layer over consolidated?

kN
qo = 120 ――
m2
Find the initial effective overburden stress at the middle of the clay layer
⎛ 5 ( ⎞ kN kN
σ'o ≔ ⎜(3 + 6) ⋅ (16.5) + ― ⋅ 19 - 9.81)⎟ ⋅ ―― = 171.48 ――
2
⎝ 2 ⎠ m m2

kN
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
The preconsolidation pressure at the middle of the clay layer is 210 ――
Principles of Foundation Engineering m2
Page 6
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

kN
The preconsolidation pressure at the middle of the clay layer is 210 ――
m2
is slightly less than the calculated effective overburden pressure at the middle of the clay layer

So the clay layer is slighly overconsolidated

c/ Determine the consolidation settlement beneath the center of the mat

C c ⋅ Hc ⎛ σ'o + Δσ'av ⎞
From Eq.[2.65] Sc.p ＝ ―― ⋅ log ⎜――― ⎟
1 + eo ⎝ σ'o ⎠

In order to calculate Δσ'av , we refer to Section 8.9 . The load area can be divided four area, each
measuring 7.5 m ⨯ 10 m . Now using Eq.[8.20] , we can calculate the average stress increase in
the clay layer below the corner of each rectangular area or

B L
B' ≔ ―= 7.5 m L' ≔ ―= 10 m
2 2

⎛ H2 ⋅ Ia.H2 - H1 ⋅ Ia.H1 ⎞
Δσ'av.H2.H1 ＝ qo ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⎟
⎝ H2 - H1 ⎠
B' L'
For Ia.H2 , m2 ≔ ― = 0.68 , n2 ≔ ― = 0.91
H2 H2

From figure 8.13 , for m2 = 0.68 , n2 = 0.91 , the value of Ia.H2 ≔ 0.2

B' L'
For Ia.H1 , m2 ≔ ― = 1.25 , n2 ≔ ― = 1.67
H1 H1

From figure 8.11 , for m2 = 1.25 , n2 = 1.67 , the value of Ia.H1 ≔ 0.23

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 7
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

⎛ H2 ⋅ Ia.H2 - H1 ⋅ Ia.H1 ⎞ kN
Δσ'av.H2.H1 ≔ qo ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⎟ = 19.68 ――
⎝ H2 - H1 ⎠ m2

kN
So, the stress increase below the center of the 15 m ⨯ 20 m area is 4 ⋅ Δσ'av.H2.H1 = 78.72 ――
m2
Thus,
kN
Δσ'av ≔ 78.72 ――
m2
kN
For Cs = 0.06 σ'c ≔ 210 ――
m2

C s ⋅ Hc ⎛ σ'c ⎞ Cc ⋅ Hc ⎛ σ'o + Δσ'av ⎞

Sc ≔ ―― ⋅ log ⎜― ⎟ + ―― ⋅ log ⎜―――⎟ = 87.64 mm
1 + eo ⎝ σ'o ⎠ 1 + eo ⎝ σ'c ⎠

Sc = 87.64 mm

Determine the consolidation settlement under the corner of the mat

In order to calculate Δσ'av , we refer to Section 8.9 . The load area can be divided four area, each
measuring 15 m ⨯ 20 m . Now using Eq.[8.20] , we can calculate the average stress increase in
the clay layer below the corner of each rectangular area or
⎛ H2 ⋅ Ia.H2 - H1 ⋅ Ia.H1 ⎞
Δσ'av.H2.H1 ＝ qo ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⎟
⎝ H2 - H1 ⎠
B L
For Ia.H2 , m2 ≔ ― = 1.36 , n2 ≔ ― = 1.82
H2 H2

From figure 8.13 , for m2 = 1.36 , n2 = 1.82 , the value of Ia.H2 ≔ 0.235

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 8
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

B L
For Ia.H1 , m2 ≔ ― = 2.5 , n2 ≔ ― = 3.33
H1 H1

From figure 8.11 , for m2 = 2.5 , n2 = 3.33 , the value of Ia.H1 ≔ 0.245

⎛ H2 ⋅ Ia.H2 - H1 ⋅ Ia.H1 ⎞ kN
Δσ'av.H2.H1 ≔ qo ⋅ ⎜―――――― ⎟ = 26.76 ――
⎝ H2 - H1 ⎠ m2

kN
Δσ'av ≔ 26.76 ――
m2

C s ⋅ Hc ⎛ σ'o + Δσ'av ⎞
Sc ≔ ―― ⋅ log ⎜――― ⎟ = 10.38 mm
1 + eo ⎝ σ'o ⎠

Sc = 10.38 mm

Given: Square_plate; B ≔ 300 mm = 0.3 m

MN
k0.3 ≔ 100 ――
m3
Determine the coefficient of subgrade reaction for a B ≔ 2.5 m wide square foundation and a
B ≔ 2.5 m , L ≔ 3.5 m rectangular foundation

From Eq.[10.41]
⎛ B + 0.3 ⎞ 2
kSquare ＝ k0.3 ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟
⎝ 2⋅B ⎠

MN kN
kSquare ≔ 31.4 ―― = 31400 ――
3
m m3
From Eq.[10.43] ⎛ B⎞
kSquare ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.5 ⋅ ―⎟
⎝ L⎠ MN
k ≔ ――――――= 28.41 ――
1.5 m3

MN
k = 28.41 ――
m3
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 9
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering MN Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
k = 28.41 ――
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3
m

kN
Given: B ≔ 0.3 m L ≔ 0.45 m q ≔ 250 ――
m2
Δ ≔ 5 mm

a/ Determine the coefficient of subgrade reaction

q MN
From Eq.[10.40] kSquare ≔ ―= 50 ――
Δ m3

⎛ B⎞
kbxb ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.5 ⋅ ―⎟
⎝ L⎠
50 ＝ ――――――
1.5

50 ⋅ 1.5
kbxb ≔ ――――
B
1 + 0.5 ⋅ ―
L

⎛ MN ⎞
kbxb = 56.25 ⎜―― ⎟
⎝ m3 ⎠
b/ Determine the coefficient of subgrade reaction of a 2 m ⨯ 3 m foundation
⎛ MN ⎞
B≔2 m L≔3 m k0.3 ≔ kbxb = 56.25 ⎜―― ⎟
⎝ m3 ⎠

⎛ B + 0.3 m ⎞ 2
kBxB ≔ k0.3 ⋅ ⎜―――⎟ = 18.6
⎝ 2B ⎠

MN
kBxB ≔ 18.6 ――
m3

⎛ B⎞
From Eq.[10.41] kBxB ⋅ ⎜1 + 0.5 ⋅ ―⎟
⎝ L⎠ kN
k ≔ ―――――― = 16533.333 ――
1.5 m3

MN
k = 16.533 ――
m3

_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 10
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das
 BUILD BRIGHT UNIVERSITY Subject: Foundation Design
Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Lecturer's Name: No Sinath
Bachelor Degree of Civil Engineering Student's Name: Ourm Sovannreach
_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Given: B≔2 m h ≔ 0.4 m υs ≔ 0.25

MN MN ⎛ 1 ⎞
Es ≔ 30 ―― EF ≔ 30000 ―― IF ≔ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ B ⋅ h 3 = 0.01 m 4
m2 m2 ⎝ 12 ⎠

Determine the coefficient of subgrade reaction k using Eq.(10.45) and (10.46)

From Eq.(10.45)

⎛12 ‾‾‾‾‾‾
Es ⋅ B 4 Es ⎞
MN
k ≔ 0.65 ⋅ ⎜ ――― ⋅ ―――― ⎟ = 10.76 ――
⎜⎝ EF ⋅ IF B ⋅ ⎛⎝1 - υs 2 ⎞⎠ ⎟⎠ m3

MN
k = 10.76 ――
m3

From Eq.(10.46)
Es MN
k ≔ ―――― = 16 ――
B ⋅ ⎛⎝1 - υs ⎞⎠
2
m3

MN
k = 16 ――
m3

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Principles of Foundation Engineering
Page 11
Ninth Edition By Braja M.Das