Prepared by: Dr.
Amit Mahajan, National Institute of Technology Delhi
Practice Sheet - 5
Topic - Derivatives
1. Find the slope of the function’s graph at the given point.
8 1
a. f ( x ) = x 2 + 1 at ( 2,5 ) b. f ( x ) =
at ( 2,2 ) c. f ( x ) = at x = 3
x 2
x −1
2. Does any tangent to the curve y = x cross the x-axis at x=—1? If so, find an
equation for the line and the point of tangency. If not, why not?
3. The given graph shows the temperature T in °F at New Delhi, on December 16,
2020, between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. Estimate the rate of temperature change at
the times (i) 7 a.m. (ii) 9 a.m. (iii) 2 p.m. (iv) 4 p.m. (Hint: Use scale to
calculate the rough estimate)
Finding Derivative Values Theory and Examples
In Exercises 79–84, find the value of (ƒ ∘ g)′ at the given value of x. What happens if you can write
79. ƒ(u) = u5 + 1, u = g(x) = 1x, x = 1 ways? Do you get the same d
says you should. Try it with th
1 1
80. ƒ(u) = 1 - u , u = g(x) = , x = -1 91. Find dy>dx if y = x by us
1 - x
ite of
pu
81. ƒ(u) = cot , u = g(x) = 5 1x, x = 1 a. y = (u>5) + 7 and
10
b. y = 1 + (1>u) and
px, f (xx )== 1>4
4. Find82.allƒ(u)
points 1
= u (x,
+ y)2 on, the
u = graph
g(x) = of 3x 2 − 4x with tangent lines parallel
92. Find dy>dx if y = x3>2 by
to the line y = 8x + 5. cos u posite of
2u 1 3
5. the=points
Find83.allƒ(u) , uy)= on
(x, = 10x
g(x)the 2
graph 1, x = 0 g ( x ) = x 3 − x 2 + 1a.with
+ xof+ function y = tan-
u3 and u = 1
u2 + 1 3 2
gent lines parallel to b. y = 1u and u = x
u -the
1 line 8x − 2y = 11.
2
84. ƒ(u) = a b , u = g(x) = - 1, x = -1
u + 1 x2 ⎧ax, < 0 Find the tangent to y = ((
x93.
6. Find the value of “a” that makes the function f ( x ) = ⎨ 94. differen-
Find the tangent to y = 2
85. Assume that ƒ′(3) = -1, g′(2) = 5, g(2) = 3, and y = ƒ(g(x)).
⎩ x 2
− 3x, x ≥ 0
What is y′ at x = 2? 95. a. Find the tangent to the
tiable for all x-values.
86. If r = sin (ƒ(t)), ƒ(0) = p>3, and ƒ′(0) = 4, then what is dr>dt b. Slopes on a tangent c
7. Supposeatthat functions
t = 0? ƒ and g and their derivatives with respect to x have
slope the
of the curve can
following values at x = 2 and x = 3. Find the derivatives with
87. Suppose that functions ƒ and g and their derivatives with respect respect to x of the
-2 6 x 6 2? Give re
following combinations at the values
to x have the following givenatvalue
x = 2of
andx.x = 3. 96. Slopes on sine curves
a. Find equations for the
x ƒ(x) g(x) ƒ′(x) g′(x) y = -sin (x>2) at the o
how the tangents are re
2 8 2 1>3 -3 b. Can anything be said a
3 3 -4 2p 5 y = sin mx and y = -
(m a constant ≠ 0)? G
Find the derivatives with respect to x of the following combina- c. For a given m, what ar
a. 2f(x) at x=2 b. f(x).g(x)
tions at the given value ofatx. x=3 c. f(x) / g(x) at x=2
curves y = sin mx and
a. 2ƒ(x), x = 2 b. ƒ(x) + g(x), x = 3 reasons for your answe
c. ƒ(x) # g(x), x = 3 d. ƒ(x)>g(x), x = 2 d. The function y = sin x
30, 2p4, the function
e. ƒ(g(x)), x = 2 f. 2ƒ(x), x = 2
8. The graphs in the accompanying figure show the position s, velocity v = ds/
dt, and acceleration a = d2s/dt2 of a body moving along a coordinate line as func-
tions of time t. Which graph is which? Give reasons for your answers.
9. Does the graph of the function f(x) have a vertical tangent at given point. Give
reasons.
⎧−1, x < 0
⎪ ⎧0, x<0
a. f ( x ) = ⎨0, x = 0 at origin. b. f ( x) = ⎨ at point (0, 1).
⎪1, x > 0 ⎩1, x≥0
⎩
10. Find the linearization L(x) of ƒ(x) at x = a.
1
f (x ) = x + , a = 1 f (x ) = tan (x ), a = π f (x ) = x 2 + 9, a = −4
a. x b. c.
11. Find the differential dy for the given functions
⎛ x3 ⎞
b. y = ln (1+ x 2 )
tan −1 x 2 +1
a. y = x3 − 3 x c. y = 4 tan ⎜ d. y = e
⎝ 3 ⎟⎠
12. Is there anything special about the derivative of an odd differentiable func-
tion of x? Give reasons for your answer.
13. Is there anything special about the derivative of an even differentiable func-
tion of x? Give reasons for your answer.
14. Show that if the position x of a moving point is given by a quadratic function
of t as x = At + Bt + c , then the average velocity over any time interval [t1, t2] is
2
equal to the instantaneous velocity at the mid point of the time interval.
