ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF

URBANEST HOUSING PROJECT, Khilkhet, Dhaka

Course No:FSEE 3108

Course Title: Environmental Impact Assessment

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

Taposhi Rabeya Professor Mr. Md. Siddikur Rahman
ID:2109014 Professor Dr. Zahida Muyen
Tasneem Wadud Nadira Department of Farm Structure and
ID:2109015 Environmental Engg,
Agricultural Engineering &
Technology
 Table of Contents
1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 Project Objectives ............................................................................................................ 4
2.Description ................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Location & access ways .................................................................................................. 5
2.2 Type ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.3 Detailed Area Plan ............................................................................................................ 7
2.4 Project Implementation Cost .......................................................................................... 7
2.5 Description Interventions ................................................................................................. 7
2.6 Materials .......................................................................................................................... 8
2.7 Process ............................................................................................................................. 8
3.Environmental Background ............................................................................................ 9
3.1 Geology............................................................................................................................. 9
3.2 Climate Change ................................................................................................................ 9
3.3 Land & Soil Characteristics ............................................................................................... 9
3.4 Biological Environment .................................................................................................. 10
3.5 Environment Quality ...................................................................................................... 10
3.6 Socio-economic Status ................................................................................................... 10
4.Environmental Impacts & Mitigation ........................................................................... 11
4.1 IEE Study ......................................................................................................................... 11
4.2 detailed examination of unresolved issues .................................................................... 11
4.2.1 Pre-construction Stage .......................................................................................... 11
4.2.2 Construction Stage ................................................................................................. 11
4.2.3 Operation Stage ..................................................................................................... 12
4.3 Public Involvement ........................................................................................................ 12
4.4 Mitigation Measures ..................................................................................................... 14
5.Environmental Management Plan ...................................................................................... 15
5.1 Final Design ...................................................................................................................... 15
5.2 Equipment ........................................................................................................................ 15
5.3 Construction Methods ..................................................................................................... 15
 5.4 Pollution Control Measures ............................................................................................. 16
5.5 Green-belt, Landscaping .................................................................................................. 16
5.6 Recycling of Wastes ......................................................................................................... 17
5.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan ....................................................................................... 17
6.Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 19
References .............................................................................................................................. 20
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INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background
This EIA report addresses the environmental impacts of the “URBANEST Housing Project”,
initiated by the Urban Housing Society to meet Dhaka’s growing residential demands.
Covering 150.0857 acres, the project falls under RAJUK’s Mixed-Use Zone. This study
evaluates potential environmental consequences of development, including infrastructure
and urban expansion impacts, and outlines mitigation strategies to minimize adverse
effects. Conditional guidance from RAJUK supports the sustainable development of this
urban fringe project, ensuring alignment with the Detailed Area Plan (DAP) 2016–2035. The
project also incorporates an Environmental Management Plan to offset impacts and
promote eco-conscious urban growth. The Center for Environmental and Geographic
Information Services (CEGIS), under the Ministry of Water Resources, is conducting this
study to ensure environmentally sustainable practices throughout the project lifecycle.

1.2 Project Objectives

The purpose of the Urbanest project is to address the growing demand for well-planned
urban housing that prioritizes sustainability and community well-being. It seeks to:

 Provide modern and functional homes with access to key urban facilities.
 Foster a sense of community through shared spaces and amenities.
 Incorporate sustainable design principles to minimize environmental impact.
 Offer residents a blend of comfort, convenience, and serenity.
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DESCRIPTION

2.1 Location & access ways

The URBANEST Housing Project (Figure 2.1) is located in Khilkhet, Dhaka District, near the
300-feet road close to Purbachal.

Covering an area of approximately 150 acres, this proposed residential project is expected
to have potential environmental impacts within a Project Influence Area (impact zone) of
approx. 27,000 acres. The study area encompasses six mauzas and includes a detailed
assessment of administrative units within this zone. Figure 2.1 illustrates both the study
area and the project site. The EIA study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts and
mitigation measures required for the development of this housing project.

2.2 Type

The URBANEST Housing Project would most likely fall under the Orange-B category, based
on its characteristics and potential environmental impacts. Here's why:

Reasons for Orange-B Categorization:

1. Residential Nature: Housing projects typically fall into the Orange-B category unless
they are exceptionally large or located in environmentally sensitive areas.
2. Size: With an area of 150 acres, the project is large but not so vast as to warrant a
Red category, which usually applies to industrial projects or projects with high
pollution potential.
3. Impact Area: While the Project Influence Area is significant (27,000 acres), this is
primarily for assessment purposes and does not automatically elevate the category.
4. Location: The project is near urban infrastructure and not in a critical ecological zone
(e.g., wetlands, forests).

If the project involves unusually high levels of environmental disruption (e.g., major
earthworks, sensitive ecosystems), it might require further scrutiny to determine if it falls
under the Red category. However, for now, it aligns more closely with Orange-B.
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URBANEST HOUSING PROJECT

Figure 2.1: Study area of URBANEST Housing

Page | 7
2.3 Detailed Area Plan
For preparing the Detailed Area Plan (DAP), the whole of the RAJUK area has been divided
into several groups and the project area lies in the North-east corner of Dhaka Metropolitan
Area.
As per DAP, the project area falls within the growth management area.

2.4 Project Implementation Cost

The total cost of the project is estimated to be Tk. 300 core

2.5 Description Interventions

 Land Development: The project will develop the land and divide it into plots,
ensuring the land is raised above the flood level (7.5msl) to prepare for building
construction.

 Road Network: The road layout follows the Private Land Development Regulations
(2004, 2012). The total road area covers 31.28 acres, about 30% of the project site.
The project is next to the 300-foot-wide Purbachol highway, directly linked to Dhaka
city. Internal road construction, including secondary and tertiary roads, is ongoing by
URBANEST Housing. The project is also connected to the 100-feet North-South Road,
which links to the 300-feet road. Primary and feeder roads will connect the project
blocks, with local roads giving access to individual households.

 Drainage and Sewerage Facilities: The main canal within the project boundary
will be maintained for natural drainage, and a stormwater drainage network will be
developed to prevent waterlogging. Sewerage facilities will be installed and
maintained by Dhaka WASA, with design and implementation handled by DWASA.
The sewerage system will collect and treat wastewater from the project area.

 Power Station & Electricity Supply: The URBANEST Housing Project, located
west of the Purbachal New Town Project, will easily connect to the existing power
supply through nearby substations and approved electric lines from DESCO. A
designated plot for the electric authority is included in the layout plan.

 Drinking Water Facilities: Drinking water supply is available through WASA-

installed pumps, providing clean water. The water line will be extended to the new
project, and suitable plots will be allocated for water pumps in the layout plan.
Page |8

 Health Care: Health care centers, including clinics and emergency services, will be
established to provide primary medical care, routine check-ups, and urgent
treatment. The facilities will ensure residents have access to quality health services,
promoting overall well-being within the community.

 Educational Facilities: Primary & high schools will be provided within walking
distance to meet the educational needs of residents.

 Playground Facilities: Playgrounds will be provided within the project area to

offer recreational spaces for children and promote outdoor activities.

 Fire Safety: The project will implement robust fire safety measures, including a fully
integrated fire alarm system, firefighting equipment (such as extinguishers,
sprinklers, and hydrants), and well-planned escape routes. These systems will be
strategically placed throughout the housing complex to ensure easy access during
emergencies. All fire safety features will meet local safety standards and regulations,
prioritizing the protection of residents and minimizing fire risks.

 Supermarket: A supermarket will be built for easy access to daily essentials,

reducing travel needs and supporting local businesses.

 Mosque and Temple: A mosque and temple will be included to meet the spiritual
needs of the community, promoting inclusivity and unity.

2.6 Materials
The project will use high-quality materials such as reinforced concrete, steel, compressed
earth blocks (CEBs) or fly ash bricks, glass, and eco-friendly options for sustainable
construction. Other materials may include wood, tiles, and insulation materials, all selected
for durability, safety, and environmental responsibility.

2.7 Process
 Pre-Construction Phase: Includes project planning, land acquisition, obtaining
necessary approvals, stakeholder consultation, and site preparation.
 Construction Phase: Involves building infrastructure, including roads, utilities, and
structures, along with regular quality checks and safety measures.
 Post-Construction Phase: Focuses on final inspections, landscaping, facility
handover, and ensuring all utilities and services are fully operational.
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ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND

3.1 Geology
 Tectonic Setting: Bangladesh is divided into nine tectonic units, and the study area
is part of the Faridpur Trough. This region contains thick layers of sediment, ranging
from Carboniferous to Recent, and is actively subsiding at a rate of 2.2 cm/year.
Subsidence here is caused by tectonic movement, compaction of organic material,
and human activities. This area remains one of the least explored geological regions
in Bangladesh.

 Seismicity: Earthquake hazard analysis in Bangladesh is regional, with seismic risks

varying by zone. The country is divided into four seismic zones, with Zone-II having
moderate risk. The project area is in Zone-II, where structures are designed to
withstand earthquakes up to magnitude 7 on the Richter Scale. Historical earthquake
data is available for future planning and design.

 Topography: The project area is part of the southern Madhupur Tract, with varying
ground elevations. The land features include highlands, lowlands, floodplains, and
depressions.

3.2 Climate Change

In the study area, climate change is expected to increase temperatures and alter rainfall
patterns. The temperature is projected to rise across all seasons, with the most significant
increase from March to May. Monsoon rainfall is expected to increase in the short term, but
may slightly decrease in the following decades. This will lead to more flooding and drainage
issues, putting additional stress on the area unless proper measures are taken.

3.3 Land & Soil Characteristics

The project and study areas are part of the Madhupur tract. The soils are mainly acidic, low
in nutrients, and have low moisture-holding capacity. Before landfilling, the project area was
lowland, but it has since been raised to highland with sandy loam soil. The study area still
has lowland and clay loam soil. Agricultural activity has ceased in the project area since
P a g e | 10
landfilling began. The land use in the study area includes built-up land, agricultural land, and
settlement.

3.4 Biological Environment

The study area is situated in the Brahmaputra–Jamuna floodplain, a bio-ecological zone in
Bangladesh. This region features diverse landforms and vegetation, supporting a variety of
habitats. It plays a crucial role in the country's ecological balance, with rich biodiversity
influenced by the floodplain environment

3.5 Environment Quality

 Air Quality: During the wet season, air quality tends to improve due to rainfall,
which helps reduce dust and pollutants. However, during the dry season, the air
quality may degrade, especially with higher levels of particulate matter from
construction and traffic. While specific measurements are not available, it is
expected that air quality in the area may exceed recommended limits, particularly
near busy roads and commercial zones

 Water Quality: Water samples from the study area were tested for temperature,
pH, EC, TDS, DO, and salinity. Most results were within acceptable limits, except for
low DO in two samples, likely due to monsoon dilution.

 Noise Level: Noise levels in the study area were measured during the daytime and
found to be above the limits set by the Noise Pollution Control Act. The highest noise
level was recorded at the Kuril flyover which is a commercial area. Other areas also
showed noise levels exceeding the standard.

3.6 Socio-economic Status

The study area has a mix of urban and rural features. People work in services, trade, small
businesses, and agriculture, with a shift toward urbanization and industrial jobs. While
access to education, healthcare, and transportation has improved, there are still challenges
like infrastructure and income inequality. Ongoing development projects are expected to
boost the economy by improving housing, creating jobs, and enhancing infrastructure.
However, socio-economic conditions are influenced by education, healthcare, land use, and
local governance.
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION

4.1 IEE Study

By maintaining the standard format, we have conducted an Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE) study for the Khilkhet Development Project to assess its potential
environmental and socio-economic impacts. The study identified possible effects on air
quality, water resources, noise pollution, and biodiversity, with mitigation measures
proposed. It also highlighted positive socio-economic benefits, including improved housing,
employment, and infrastructure. The IEE concluded that the project could proceed with
proper environmental management and community engagement.

4.2 detailed examination of unresolved issues

4.2.1 Pre-construction Stage: Key unresolved issues in the pre-construction phase
include:

 Land Acquisition: Pending fair compensation and ownership disputes.

 Relocation: Lack of clear plans for displaced communities.
 Environmental Clearance: Regulatory permits and compliance are
incomplete.
 Utility Relocation: Pending relocation of pipelines and power lines.
 Drainage Management: Solutions for flood risks are yet to be finalized.
 Stakeholder Engagement: Insufficient communication with local
communities.
4.2.2 Construction Stage:

 Noise and Dust Control: Insufficient plans to minimize air and noise
pollution.
 Waste Management: Lack of proper disposal methods for construction
debris.
 Worker Safety: Need for better implementation of safety protocols and
equipment.
 Traffic Management: Pending strategies to manage increased congestion
near the site.
 Environmental Impact: Mitigation measures for water and soil
contamination are not fully addressed.
 Community Disruption: Inadequate plans to minimize inconvenience to
local residents.
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4.2.3 Operation Stage

 Noise Pollution: Continued noise disturbances from commercial or

residential activities
 Visual Pollution: Improper planning leading to unaesthetic urban
landscapes.
 Public Health Risks: Accumulation of waste or poor sanitation facilities
increasing the risk of diseases.
 Flood Risk: Poor drainage planning leading to waterlogging or flooding
during monsoons.

4.3 Public Involvement

Public consultation is a mandatory part of the EIA process, involving stakeholders in project
development. A formal meeting is held with local residents to discuss the proposed project,
its impacts, and gather opinions. This platform allows the community to share their views,
ensuring the housing project is socially acceptable and environmentally friendly.
People stated that although the area is part of Dhaka City, there is still a substantial scarcity
of housing, health, and education services. For this reason, the local community faces
challenges in accessing proper housing and essential services. However, the new housing
project will bring several positive impacts:

 Job Creation: The construction of the housing project will generate employment
opportunities in various sectors, including construction, trades, and services,
benefiting local workers.
 Boost to Local Businesses: Suppliers, retailers, and service providers will benefit
from increased demand during the construction phase and once the residents move
in.
 Improved Infrastructure:
o Better Connectivity: The project will enhance local roads, transportation, and
utilities, making it easier for people to access essential services.
o Upgraded Public Services: The housing project will lead to improved
healthcare, education, and recreational facilities due to the increased
population density.
 Increased Housing Availability:
o Affordable Homes: The project will help address housing shortages by
providing affordable homes for low- and middle-income families.
o Modern Amenities: New homes will offer improved sanitation, energy-
efficient designs, and updated infrastructure compared to older buildings.
o Vertical Expansion: The project will utilize multi-story buildings to save land,
preserve green spaces, and reduce urban sprawl, allowing more efficient use
of available space.
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 Educational & Medical Facilities:

o Access to Education: The project will drive the development of new schools,
colleges, and educational programs, improving educational opportunities in
the area.
o Improved Healthcare: The increased population density will support the
establishment of new medical facilities, providing better access to healthcare
services for the community.
 Eco-friendly Design:
o Sustainable Practices: The housing project will incorporate eco-friendly
features, such as energy-efficient buildings, water-saving systems, and
renewable energy sources, reducing its environmental impact.
o Green Spaces: The inclusion of parks and green areas will enhance
biodiversity, provide recreational spaces, and improve air quality,
contributing to a healthier environment for residents.
People raised concerns about several potential negative impacts of the housing project:

 Increased Traffic: More residents and workers could lead to traffic congestion,
affecting mobility and air quality.
 Strain on Infrastructure: Existing roads, sewage, and drainage systems may not
handle the increased population, causing inefficiencies.
 Pressure on Resources: The demand for water, electricity, and other services
could exceed available resources.
 Environmental Impact: Construction may cause temporary pollution, soil erosion,
and harm to natural habitats.
 Displacement: Some residents fear they may be displaced, particularly those in
informal settlements.
 Waste Generation: More people could lead to higher waste, potentially
overwhelming waste management systems.
 Reduced Green Spaces: There are concerns that the project may reduce the size
of existing parks and green areas, affecting biodiversity and recreation.
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4.4 Mitigation Measures
Here are the mitigation measures aim to address and reduce potential impacts while
ensuring sustainability and improving the living environment:

 Traffic and Congestion Management:

o Traffic Management: Improve road infrastructure, widen roads, and add
parking.
o Public Transport: Provide bus services and shuttles.
o Traffic Control: Use pedestrian crossings, signals, and designated lanes.
 Infrastructure Enhancement:
o Upgrade Infrastructure: Expand water, sewage, and electricity systems.
o Maintenance: Routine infrastructure checks and repairs.
o Smart Technologies: Use energy-efficient and waste-monitoring systems.
 Resource Optimization:
o Water Conservation: Install rainwater harvesting and efficient water systems.
o Water Reuse: Implement greywater recycling systems for non-potable uses
like irrigation and cleaning.
o Solar Power: Encourage solar panels and energy-efficient buildings.
o Monitoring: Track resource usage and address inefficiencies.
 Environmental Protection:
o Pollution Control: Dust suppression, noise barriers, and limited construction
hours.
o Erosion Prevention: Retaining walls and landscaping.
o Green Spaces: Develop parks and plant native trees to improve air quality.
 Community Displacement and Support:
o Compensation & Relocation: Fair compensation and relocation support.
o Community Engagement: Involve locals in decision-making.
 Waste Management:
o Waste Management: Set up recycling and disposal systems.
o Public Awareness: Educate residents on waste segregation.
o On-Site Processing: Use composting and recycling units.
 Conservation of Green Areas:
o Create Green Areas: Include parks and gardens in the development.
o Vertical Green Spaces: Use green roofs and terraces.
o Biodiversity: Plant native species to support wildlife.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) ensures that the project complies with
Bangladesh's environmental regulations. It includes mitigation measures and a monitoring
plan for both the implementation and operation phases, aimed at minimizing or reducing
adverse environmental impacts to acceptable levels.

5.1 Final Design

The final project design emphasizes sustainability and community well-being, featuring
multi-story buildings to optimize land use while incorporating green spaces and recreational
areas. It includes improved infrastructure, such as enhanced roads, utilities, and
connectivity, alongside accessible educational and healthcare facilities for the local
population. Environmental considerations are prioritized, with systems for water reuse and
efficient waste management. Additionally, a comprehensive traffic management plan is in
place to minimize congestion and ensure safety, striking a balance between urban
development and environmental sustainability.

5.2 Equipment
During the construction phase, efficient and eco-friendly equipment, such as
excavators, bulldozers, and cranes, will be used. These machines will be well-
maintained to reduce emissions and noise. Proper storage and disposal of fuel
and lubricants will be ensured to avoid contamination, helping to minimize the
environmental impact of the construction activities.

5.3 Construction Methods

In the construction phase of a housing project, key methods focus on minimizing
environmental impact:

1. Site Preparation: Clearing land with eco-friendly equipment and using erosion
controls.

2. Foundation Work: Using stable foundations like piles or concrete while

managing excess soil.

3. Building Construction: Using sustainable materials like recycled steel and

energy-efficient insulation.

4. Water Management: Installing drainage systems and using water-efficient

methods.
P a g e | 16

5. Waste Management: Recycling construction waste and reducing packaging.

6. Pollution Control: Reducing noise with quiet equipment and controlling dust on
site.

5.4 Pollution Control Measures

The following measures help minimize pollution during construction and operation,
ensuring environmental protection.

 Air Pollution Control:

- Use water spraying to reduce dust.
- Cover materials and stockpiles.
- Maintain equipment to limit emissions.
- Monitor air quality regularly.

 Liquid Pollution Control:

- Treat and properly dispose of wastewater.
- Implement spill control measures for fuel or chemicals.
- Set up water reuse systems like rainwater harvesting.

 Soil Pollution Control:

- Use erosion control measures like silt fences.
- Properly dispose of waste and debris.
- Monitor soil quality for contamination.

5.5 Green-belt, Landscaping

A green belt will be created around the housing project to provide a natural barrier that
mitigates noise and air pollution, offering a buffer between residential areas and urban
infrastructure. This helps improve air quality, reduces heat island effects, and provides
space for local wildlife.
Landscaping within the housing project will include planting trees, shrubs, and grass in
common areas, pathways, and residential zones. This contributes to aesthetic value,
supports biodiversity, and helps manage stormwater by reducing surface runoff. It also
improves the comfort and well-being of residents by providing green spaces for recreation
and relaxation.
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5.6 Recycling of Wastes
The following approaches help reduce environmental impact and promotes sustainability:

1. Waste Segregation: Waste will be separated into recyclables (paper, plastic,

metal) and non-recyclables to ensure proper disposal and recycling.

2. Construction Waste: Recyclable materials like concrete and metals will be

reused in the project to minimize landfill waste.

3. Domestic Waste: Residents will be provided with separate bins for recyclables
and non-recyclables.

4. Organic Waste: Food scraps will be composted for landscaping use.

5. E-Waste: A system will be set up for safe disposal of electronic waste.

5.7 Environmental Monitoring Plan

The EMP ensures regular monitoring of water, ecological, air, and noise quality during
construction and operation. It includes a checklist to guide mitigation efforts, maintaining
compliance with environmental standards and minimizing adverse impacts.

1. Water Resources Monitoring

 Parameters: pH, turbidity, TDS, contaminants, groundwater level
 Frequency: Weekly (construction), monthly (operation)
 Locations: Nearby rivers, canals
 Checklist:
- pH: 6.5-8.5
- Turbidity: <5 NTU
- TDS: <500 mg/L
- Groundwater: >20 ft

2. Ecological Resources Monitoring

 Parameters: Flora, fauna, vegetation health, soil quality
 Frequency: Monthly (construction), quarterly (operation)
 Locations: Green areas and parks
 Checklist:
- Flora: No significant loss
- Fauna: No migration or harm
- Vegetation: Maintain green spaces
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- Soil: No erosion or contamination

3. Air Quality Monitoring

 Parameters: PM10, PM2.5, CO2, NO2, SO2
 Frequency: Daily (construction), monthly (operation)
 Locations: Construction site, residential areas
 Checklist:
- PM10: <50 µg/m³
- PM2.5: <25 µg/m³
- CO2: <1000 ppm
- NO2/SO2: <40 µg/m³

4. Noise Quality Monitoring

 Parameters: Noise levels, peak noise levels
 Frequency: Daily (construction), monthly (operation)
 Locations: Construction site, residential areas
 Checklist:
- Daytime Noise: <70 dB
- Nighttime Noise: <55 dB
- Peak Noise: <80 dB
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CONCLUSION

This EIA report is a legal requirement for the project due to its location within a floodplain,
which necessitates prior approval from RAJUK under the DAP. The information presented in
this report has been gathered through field surveys, public consultations, and relevant data
from local organizations, in line with Bangladesh's environmental guidelines and regulations.

Key environmental concerns identified include drainage congestion, groundwater depletion,

degradation of environmental quality, and disruption of wetland habitats. These impacts, if
not addressed, could affect local communities and ecosystems. However, the potential
adverse effects can be controlled and minimized through effective implementation of the
proposed mitigation measures and the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) during the
construction, operation, and maintenance phases of the project. The EMP will help ensure
that environmental risks are effectively managed and that the project complies with all
necessary environmental standards.
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References
 Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), 2002, ‘Environmental Conservation
Rules (ECR), 1997’,Bangladesh
 Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK) 2010, Detailed Area Plan (DAP) Part V.
 CEGIS, 2014. Final Report, Development of National and Sub-National Climate
Change Model for Long Term Water Resources Assessment, Palli Karma‐Sahayak
Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.