STRATA
Pre Stack Seismic Inversion
www.GeoSoftware.com
Introduction
Welcome to this pre-stack inversion course using the STRATA from HampsonRussell Software.
Although this course is intended as a standalone course, it would be helpful if you have taken other
courses from HampsonRussell, such as:
• Foundations, which takes you through basic data loading, and
• AVO, which teaches the fundamentals of the AVO method.
This course will be a workstation examples which will allow you to perform inversion on real datasets.
These datasets is A Gulf of Mexico example, which utilizes pre-stack inversion.
The basic structure of the course is given on the next slide.
2
Exercise 6
Simultaneous Inversion
GOM Pre stack data
www.GeoSoftware.com
3
Exercise 6
For this pre-stack exercise we will open a different pre-loaded project
(called GOM V2) containing angle gathers, wells and horizons.
In the Start
tab, click
Find Project:
4
Exercise 6
Select the project named GOM V2.prj and then accept or specify
the Well database GOM V2.wdb
5
Exercise 6 In the seismic tab, you will see a set of
angle gathers and a stack of those
gathers, together with two wells.
6
Exercise 6
Right-click in the
seismic to show a
base map of the 3D
and the two wells.
7
Exercise 6 The Workflow for Pre
Stack Inversion provides
the steps needed.
8
Exercise 6
Select the volume
AG_Spec_Bal
Because the conversion from offset to
angle traces has already been done in
our pre-prepared project, steps 2 and
3 can be skipped
9
Exercise 6
The wells selected are to be
used for the model. To keep
the model simple, select to
only use Well 1
10
Exercise 6
Select only the M4 horizon.
11
Exercise 6
Set the time window for
wavelet extraction, add a name
and choose two wavelets.
12
Exercise 6
We have extracted two
wavelets at different
angle ranges, to
compensate for potential
changes in bandwidth
across the angles.
Often the further angles
exhibit reduced
bandwidth compared to
the near angles. The
change is visible but not
strong in this case.
13
Exercise 6
The well-seismic
correlation has been done
for you, so skip that step,
verify the inputs to the
model and click Run.
✓
14
Exercise 6
The Zp model is
automatically displayed.
Four additional models
have also been created
and can be displayed by
right-clicking in the
section display.
15
Exercise 6
We are now ready to
run the Inversion
analysis - which will
invert only the single
CDP at the well.
16
Explanation only
These plots will be seen on the
next slide.
Pre-stack inversion is a generally
non-unique process. This means
there are many geological
answers consistent with the input
seismic data. One way to reduce
the non-uniqueness is to provide
a background trend relating the
variables Zp, Zs, and density. The
next dialog contains that trend
information, derived from the well
logs in the model.
The window shows cross plots of ZS vs ZP and Density vs ZP on a log-log scale.
In the absence of hydrocarbons, there is a roughly linear relationship between
these variables. The program then looks for deviations from these linear trends.
The red lines indicate the current linear trend, which has been fitted
automatically through the points – but can be changed by clicking on them.
17
Exercise 6
Click on the Well data
cross plot to create
crossplots from log
data.
After examining the
plots…. Click OK.
The regression
coefficients from the
crossplotting will
have been saved by
the program.
18
Exercise 6 The left side of the inversion analysis screen
19
Exercise 6 The right side of the inversion analysis screen
20
Exercise 6
We are ready to invert the
whole seismic volume.
To shorten the time for this
exercise, limit the interval
from 2200 to 2700ms.
Click Run
21
Exercise 6
When the
inversion
process
completes,
the model
will be
displayed on
the left and
the Zp result
in the centre.
Close any windows except the Zp inversion
result.
22
To better view the inversion result,
Exercise 6 expand the display using the icon shown
23
Exercise 6
A P-impedance volume
from post stack or pre
stack inversions will be
similar.
But the important
advantage of pre stack
inversion is that Zs and
Density volumes are
also produced; with
which we can perform
further analysis.
Right-click to view
them.
24
Exercise 6
The four pre stack inversion
output volumes are shown in
the seismic data tab.
25
Exercise 6
Use the process Create
Data Slice to slice at the
horizon named Target.
26
Exercise 6
The slice
indicates the If necessary,
low right-click on
impedance the colour
areas (high table to set
porosity) in the min and
red and max values
yellow. to match the
section
display:
15,000 to
27,000
27
Exercise 6
Now let’s try different parameter. Try
each below parameter :
Delta ln(Zs) = 0.0006
Prewhitening value = 30%
Combination both
28
Exercise 6
Note each parameter may give better result on the Vp/Vs , Seismic Residual Error, or both.
Generate full volume for each parameter and compare. 29
Exercise 6
Default Fit Delta ln(Zs) = 0.0006 Prewhitening = 50%
This parameter “tells” the software how much the inversion should fit the synthetic to the
seismic data. In the case the seismic is noisy, we may want to reduce the fit between seismic
and synthetic to avoid fitting to noise.
However, it will make the inversion has less influence from the seismic data. Therefore, closer
to the wet trend or model.
Generally, the impact will be more obvious on Vp/Vs.
30
(End of Exercise 6)
Thank you
(End of Exercise 6)
