MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMARSINHJI BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY

(With effect from Academic Year 2020-2021)

B.Sc. (Botany)
SEMESTER-II

Paper No: BOTCC 203- Cryptogamic botany, Cytology, Genetics, Molecular biology,
Environmental biology, and Climate change (THEORY)

Credits: 04 Hours: 04/week Marks: 100

Semester End Examination : 70Marks
Continous Internal Evaluation: 30 Marks

Unit Detailed Syllabus Teaching Marks/

Hours Weight
CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY
(Development of sex organ excluded.)
Algae: Taxonomic Position (As per F.E. Fritch), structure of thallus,
vegetative, asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the genus,
Economic importance of algae. Spirogyra, Spirulina Fungi:
Taxonomic Position (As per Ainsworth), structure of thallus,
vegetative, asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the genus,
1 Economic importance of fungi. Mucor, Yeast 15 18/17
Bryophytes: General characters of Bryophytes, Taxonomic Position
(As per G.M. Smith), Morphology, structure of thallus, vegetative,
asexual and sexual modes of reproduction of the genus. Marchantia.
Pteridophytes: Taxonomic Position (As per G.M. Smith), Morphology,
structure of thallus, vegetative, asexual and sexual modes of
reproduction of the genus. Nephrolepis.
Economic importance of Pteridophytes
CYTOLOGY, GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Ultra structure of Plant Cell
Structure & Function of Mitochondria and Chloroplast
DNA Structure ,Watson and Crick’s Model & Forms of DNA
2 Structure and Types of RNA 15 18/17
DNA Replication
Genetic Code & its Properties Protein Synthesis
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY & CLIMATE CHANGE
Introduction, Scope and Branches of Ecology
Ecosystems: Kinds of Ecosystems: Natural, Artificial
Structure and Functions of Ecosystems, Ecological Pyramids,
Productivity of an Ecosystem, Energy flow in an Ecosystem
Biogeochemical Cycles- Nitrogen, Carbon
3 Components of Freshwater Ecosystem (Pond) Components of 15 18/17
Terrestrial Ecosystem (Grassland)
Biotic Factors: Symbiosis: Mutualism, Proto-cooperation,
 MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMARSINHJI BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY
(With effect from Academic Year 2020-2021)

Commensalism
Antagonism: Predation, Parasitism, Antibiosis, Competition,
Saprophytism
Climate change & Sustainable Biodiversity, IUCN Categories of
threat and list of endangered plant species of Gujarat, Importance of
Biodiversity, Sources , Effect & Control of Air and Water Pollution.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
Introduction, Brief History, Scope and Types of Plant Biotechnology
Plant Tissue Culture – Tools & Technique & Laboratory organization
4 Organ & Pollen Culture 15 18/17
Introduction to Synthetic Seeds & Edible Vaccines Protoplast Culture
and Somatic Hybridization.
Applications of Plant Tissue Culture

Reference books:
 A Textbook of Botany vol. I and II S.N. Pandey, P. S. Trivedi and S. P. Misra., Vikas
Publication House Pvt. Ltd.
 Collage Botany Vol. I & II Das, Dutta, Gangulee and Kar., New Central Book Agency
 Algae ,Fungi, Bryophyte, Pteridophyte by Vasishta., S. Chand Pub, New Delhi
 Smith, G. M. 1972. Cryptogamic Botany. Vol. 1 & 2. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.
New Delhi.
 Webster, J.1985. Introduction to Fungi. Cambridge University Press.
 Sporne, K.K. 1991. The Morphology of Pteridophytes. B.I. Publishing Pvt. Ltd. Bombay.
 The World of Cell by Backer, Kleinsmith and Hardin Pearson Education
 Elements of Cytology by C. B. Powar
 Lewin, B.2000. Genes VIII. Oxford University Press, New York.
 Alberts, B., Bray,D., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K. and Watson, J.D. 1999.
 Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Publishing, Inc. New York.
 Wolfe, S.L. 1993. Molecular and Cellular Biology. Wadsworth Publishing Co.California,
USA.
 Kleinsmith, L.J. and Kish, V.M.1995. Principles of cell and Molecular Biology (2nd Ed.).
Harper Collins College Publishers, New York, USA.
 Lodish, H., Berk, A., Zipursky, S.L., Matsudaira, P., Baltimore, D. and Darnell, J. 2000.
Molecular Cell Biology (4th Ed.). W.H. Freeman and Co., New York, USA.
 Cytogenetics by S. Sundara Rajan., First edition, Anmol Publications, New Delhi
 Textbook of Ecology by G.Tailer Miller, Jr.Scott E. Spoolman. Cengage Learning
 Plants and Environment by Daubenmire (Wiley-Eastern Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi)
 Ecology and Environment by P.D.Sharma Rastogee Publication
 Basic Ecology – Eugene P. Odum Fundamentals of Ecology- P. Odum
 Concept in Indian Ecology and Environmental Science – S. V. S. Rana
 Ecology Theories and Application – Peter Stiling
 MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMARSINHJI BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY
(With effect from Academic Year 2020-2021)

 Ecology & Environment – P. D. Sharma

 Indian Manual of Plant Ecology – R .Misra & G. S. Puri
 Biotechnology by U. Satyanarayana Books and Allied (P) Ltd
 Elements of Biotechnology by P.K.Gupta, Rastogi Publications.
 Plant cell and tissue culture by Narayanswamy, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Bhojwani, S.S. 1990. Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practical (a revised edition).
Elsevier Science Publishers, New York, USA.
 Basic Biotechnology by S. Ignacimuthu, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Text Book of Biotechnology by R.C. Dubey, S. Chand & Co.
 Vasil, I.K. and Thorpe, T.A. 1994. Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. Kluwer Academic
Publishers, the Netherlands .
 Snustad, D.P. and Simmons, M.J.2000. Principals of Genetics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
USA.
 Stent, G.S. 1986. Molecular Genetics. CBS Publication.
 Brown, T.A. 1999. Genomes. John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore.
 MAHARAJA KRISHNAKUMARSINHJI BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY
(With effect from Academic Year 2020-2021)

B.Sc. (Botany)
SEMESTER-II
Paper No: BOTCC 204 (As per Theory paper - 203)
Title of the Paper: BOTANY PRACTICAL - II

Credits: 04 Duration: 02 Hours/practical Hours: 04/week Marks: 50

 All the topics of the practical are being taught by Available fresh / Preserve
materials, Models, Charts, Figures and permanent Slides.
 Teachers may select plant species available in their locality for study of family.
 Students will have to prepare their Practical journals as a part of Laboratory work
and they will have to submit certified journals in the University practical exam.
 Students shall not be allowed without certified journals in the University practical
examination.
LIST OF PRACTICALS

Sr. No. Aim of Practical

1 To study Spirogyra
2 To study Spirulina
3 To study Mucor
4 To Study Yeast
5 To study Marchantia (Gametophyte)
6 To study Marchantia (Sporophyte)
7 To study Nephrolepis (Sporophyte)
8 To study Nephrolepis (Gametophyte)
9. To study Ultra stucture of plant cell.
10 To study structure of DNA
11 To study structure of RNA
12 To study types of RNA
13 To study DNA replication
14 To study Genetic code
15 To study Nitrogen cycle
16 To study Carbon cycle
17 To study Fresh water ecosystem
18 To study Symbiosis
19 To study Antagonism
20 To study Nutritionl media composition (MS Media).
21 To study instruments used in tissue culture technique (Weighing balance,
pH meter, autoclave, laminar air flow, BOD incubators, culture room)
22 Field study / Excersion Report.