DI = NO. OF UNKNOWNS – NO.
OF EQUATIONS
STABILITY OF STRUCTURES
DI = U – E
– in general, structures may be stable or unstable DI = U – 3N; N is the number of parts or free bodies
– if a structure is stable, it may be determinate or
indeterminate
DEGREE OF INDETERMINACY SPECIFIC EQUATIONS
INTERNAL STABILITY STRUCTURE PLANAR / 2D CASE 3D CASE
A. INTERNALLY STABLE
BEAMS DI = R – 3 – C DI = R – 6 – C
– a structure is internally stable if it maintains its shape and
remains a rigid body when all external supports are FRAMES DI = R + 3M – 3J – C DI = R + 6M – 6J – C
removed
FRAMES (ALL
DI = 3 (NO. OF DI = 6 (NO. OF
SUPPORTS
B. INTERNALLY UNSTABLE LOOPS) VERTICAL LOOPS)
ARE FIXED)
– a structure is internally unstable if it cannot maintain its
shape and may undergo large displacements when all TRUSSES DI = R + M – 2J DI = R + M – 3J
external supports are removed
DI – degree of indeterminacy
R – number of external reactions
M – number of members
J – number of joints
C – number of releases (or equations of condition/s)
EXTERNAL STABILITY ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR PLANAR / 2D CASE
CONDITIONS FOR STABLE STRUCTURES:
1. number of unknowns (external + internal) must be greater
than or equal to the number of equilibrium conditions STRUCTUR
1. external reactions must not be parallel to each other D.I. S.D. S.I. UNSTABLE
E
2. external reactions must not be concurrent (do not intersect BEAMS AND
at one point) DI = R – 3N R = 3N R > 3N R < 3N
FRAMES
TRUSSES
D.I. DI = R – 2J
– degree of indeterminacy M+
RR– =reactive
2J Mforces
+ R > 2J M ++Rexternal)
(internal < 2J
S.D. – statically determinate N – number of parts or free bodies
S.I. – statically indeterminate J – number of joints
M – number of members
DETERMINACY OF STRUCTURES
A. STATICALLY DETERMINATE
– a structure is statically determinate if the number of
equations (E) equals the number of unknowns– external
and internal (U)
E=U
DI = U – E
DI = 0
B. STATICALLY INDETERMINATE
– a structure is statically indeterminate if the number of
unknowns (U) exceeds the number of equilibrium
equations (E)
DI = U – E
DI > 0
C. UNSTABLE
DI = U – E
DI < 0
EQUATIONS OF CONDITION (NO. OF RELEASES)
DEGREE OF INDETERMINACY GENERAL EQUATION
COMMON TYPES OF EXTERNAL SUPPORT
