Entity/Relationship Model
In DBMS
PRESENTED BY : - AGYA PRAJAPATI & DIKSHA PANDEY
SUBMITTED TO : - Mrs. RAJNI MAM
Topics To Be Covered in this Presentation
• What is ER model
• Entities and Attributes
• Relationships & its types
• Type of attributes
• E/R Diagrams
What is ER Model : -
ER MODEL is a conceptual representation of data objects
and their relationships.
It’s a fundamental concept in database design and software
engineering.
Component of ER Model : -
Entity = An entity may be an object with
physical existence (for example, a
particular person, car, house or employee)
or it may be a conceptual existence (for
example a particular company, a job, a
university course).
Attribute = characteristics or feature .
– Attributes are simple values, e.g. integers
or character strings.
For example: An EMPLOYEE entity may be
described by the employee age, address,
salary, and a job.
Relationship:
A relationship among the two or more
entities represent an association among
two or more entities.
For example work-on relationship
between an employer and a project.
Types of Relationship
One-To-One Relationships
In this type of relationship, where one
instance of an entity is associated with
only one instance of another entity.
Example : A person has only one
passport .
One-To-Many Relationships
In a one-to-many relationship, where one
instance of an entity can be associated with
multiple instances of another entity.
Example : A department can have multiple
employees But An employee belongs to only
one department.
Many -To- Many Relationships
In a many-to-many relationship, where one
instance of an entity can be associated with
multiple instances of another entity, and vice
versa.
Example : A student can enroll in multiple
courses. And A courses can have multiple
student enrolled.
Types of Attributes
Simple attributes
Each entity has a single atomic value for the attribute.
Example :- A student’s ID or a person’s age.
Composite attributes
The attribute may be composed of several components.
Example:
Address(House , Street, City, State, Zip Code, Country), or
Name(FirstName, Middle Name, Last Name).
Composition may form a hierarchy where some components
are themselves composite.
Multi-valued attributes
An entity may have multiple values for that attribute. For
example, Color of a CAR or Previous Degrees of a STUDENT.
Denoted as {Color} or {Previous Degrees}.
Types of Attributes
❏ Derived attributes
❏ These are attributes whose values can be derived from
other attributes.
❏ Example :- An employee’s age can be derived from their
date of birth.
❏ Stored attributes
❏ These are attributes that are stored in the database .
❏ Example :- A person’s name or address.
❏ Single valued attribute
❏ An attributes that holds exactly one value for each
instance of an entity .
❏ Example :- Date of birth
❏ Student id
❏ Gender
E/R Diagrams
In an entity‐relationship relationship diagram, each
entity set is represented by a rectangle.
Each attribute of an entity set is represented by an oval.
Ideas E/R Design Relational Schema Relational
DBMS
THANK YOU
MAM !
