As regards, Solar-Powered Irrigation System (SPIS) has become a very important

technology in agricultural. In recent time, SPIS technologies are becoming a viable

option for many farmers, including smallholders. In rural areas, solar power can be a

means of ensuring access to energy for agriculture, specifically for users in rural areas

that lack either reliable access to electricity grids or where fuel is expensive and difficult

to access. Other benefits may include increased access to water during dry-spells and dry

seasons, and improvement of income, food and nutrition security– among others (Uloma

Mezie-Osuocha 2019)

Smart Agriculture is a new agricultural term that promises major innovations in food

management and production. Smart Agriculture can be thought of as an evolution of the

term Precision Agriculture. However, the equivalent of “Smart Agriculture” in the

literature is the term “Smart Agriculture”. In parallel with the increasing population in the

world, the increasing food needs must be met through agricultural activities, which also

means that the amount of water used for agricultural purposes will also increase

significantly. This is why we will start to hear more about many new concepts and terms,

such as smart agriculture, digital agriculture, robotic agriculture, agricultural artificial

intelligence, and automated agriculture, which we mentioned above. (Hasan Sahin 2024)

Cost effective solar power can be the answer for all our energy needs. Solar powered

smart irrigation systems are the answer to the Indian farmer. This system consists of solar

powered water pump along with an automatic water flow control using a moisture sensor.

It is the proposed solution for the present energy crisis for the Indian farmers. This
system conserves electricity by reducing the usage of grid power and conserves water by

reducing water losses. (Harishankar Suresh 2019)

This study was conducted with few objectives of design a microcontroller based solar

powered automatic irrigation system (AIS) model. To quantify the paddy field water

content of and as well to provide adequate water supply in the right paddy field areas. In

agricultural areas this may help for the production of crops as well can prevent the

wastage of energy. To provide an efficient design to the farmers is the main objective of

this paper. (Akhil Adharsh 2021)

In this paper, soil moisture sensor was placed in root zone of plant and gateway unit

handles the sensor information. One algorithm was developed for measure threshold

values of soil moisture sensor that was programmed into a microcontroller to control

water quantity. For power photovoltaic panel was used. (2020)

The Philippines National Irrigation Administration began to ramp up investment in

irrigation projects to improve water and energy supply in 2020. The association has

accepted 15 solar powered pump irrigation projects and two small irrigation projects in

the province of Isabela, which could irrigate another 251 hectares of farm lands and

benefit 867 farmers, said Marcos Jr. The project is the first in the Philippines to be

constructed over an irrigation canal, meaning that the land cultivated by farmers will not

be reduced. Marcos Jr said that 152 additional solar-powered pump irrigation projects are
being constructed across the country, including 118 projects overseen by the government.

He added that 82 solar irrigation projects have been completed and activated since 2023.

Despite its resources, the Philippines faces significant water scarcity. Government

estimates made earlier this year show that 40 million Filipinos do not have access to

potable water. Marcos Jr has therefore called for a reorganization of water agencies in the

country to respond to water-related challenges, including balancing water requirements

for irrigation, household and industrial use in underserved areas.

These solar-powered irrigation projects aim to replace costly diesel pumps, alleviating the

financial burden on Filipino farmers. With rising fuel prices, these initiatives allow

farmers to irrigate their lands without the high costs associated with fuel-powered pumps.

The technology comprises solar panels, pumps, electronic pump controllers, storage

tanks, and conveyor systems, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional fuel-

powered irrigation. (Pooja Chandak 2023)

Through solar power-driven pump irrigation projects, the NIA sees that solar irrigation

projects can augment the decreasing irrigation water supply from dams and reservoirs

during this phenomenon. This innovative technology can also be used in areas where the

construction of dams may not be feasible. In installing more solar power-driven pump

irrigation projects, these can aid Filipino farmers to boost their harvests. (2024)
Cost efficient solar power can be the solution to all our energy requirements. The Indian farmer's

solution is solar powered intelligent irrigation systems. This device consists of solar-powered

water pump and an automated monitoring of the water flow using a moisture sensor. It's the

suggested solution for the Indian farmers to the ongoing energy crisis. This device saves

electricity by reducing grid power use, and by reducing water losses, it conserves water [1].

Developing and implementing an automated SCADA managed system that uses PLC as

controller is essential for purposes of agricultural, oil, and gas monitoring and control. The

system is also powered by an adaptive solar array, in which the solar panel absorbs the Sun's

radiation. Rather than that, the solar system has high both the electricity and emission costs.

(Jitesh Kumar 2019)

Tapping the sun's energy is the Lang-ayan village in Currimao town, where a solar-powered

irrigation system with at least four solar panels was installed near a communal food garden where

its residents can grow off-season fruits and vegetables. Funded by the province’s share in tobacco

excise tax, there are four units of this kind of small-scale irrigation project being pilot tested in

the second district of Ilocos Norte where water is scarce during the summer months of March to

May or even longer due to prolonged El Niño phenomenon. Worth PHP100,000 per unit, the

solar-powered irrigation system may be a bit costly for small farmers but in the long run, it is

more beneficial to them because they will no longer spend on fuel to irrigate their farmlands,

provincial agriculturist Norma Lagmay said on Friday. (Leilanie Adriano 2021)

 “Solar Power and Agriculture: Solar Powered Irrigation System (SPIS) - Yenkasa

Africa.” Yenkasa.org, 28 June 2019, yenkasa.org/solar-power-and-agriculture-

solar-powered-irrigation-system-spis/.

 Sahin, Hasan. “A Cheap and Basic Solar-Powered Smart Irrigation System

Proposal for Medium and Small-Scale Farming.” European Journal of

Engineering and Technology Research, vol. 9, no. 3, 2024, pp. 33–39,

ej-eng.org/index.php/ejeng/article/view/3174,

https://doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2024.9.3.3174. Accessed 23 Sept. 2024.

 Suresh, Harishankar . “(PDF) Solar Powered Smart Irrigation System.”

ResearchGate, Jan. 2019,

www.researchgate.net/publication/281685755_Solar_Powered_Smart_Irrigation_

System.

 Adharsh, Akhil. “Solar Based Automatic Irrigation System.” SSRN Electronic

Journal, 2021, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3918725.

 “AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING SOLAR ENERGY.”

Electronicsworkshops.com, 12 Mar. 2020,

energy/.

 Jowett, Patrick . “Philippines Opens Nation’s Biggest Solar-Powered Irrigation

System.” Pv Magazine International, 10 June 2024,

www.pv-magazine.com/2024/06/10/philippines-opens-nations-biggest-solar-

powered-irrigation-system/.

 Chandak, Pooja. “National Irrigation Administration Expands Solar-Powered

Irrigation Projects to Benefit Filipino Farmers.” SolarQuarter, 4 Oct. 2023,

solarquarter.com/2023/10/04/national-irrigation-administration-expands-solar-

powered-irrigation-projects-to-benefit-filipino-farmers/.

 “82 COMPLETED SOLAR IRRIGATION PROJECTS in 2023 to AID in EL

NIÑO MITIGATION | National Irrigation Administration.” Nia.gov.ph, 2023,

www.nia.gov.ph/content/82-completed-solar-irrigation-projects-2023-aid-el-ni

%C3%B1o-mitigation.

 Kumar, Jitesh. “Issue 3 Www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIREY06100.”

Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research, vol. 6, 2019,

www.jetir.org/papers/JETIREY06100
 Adriano, Leilanie. “Solar-Powered Irrigation System Benefits Small Farmers |

Philippine News Agency.” Pna.gov.ph, 2021, www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1134314.