Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC 2022)

IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22V66-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-7971-4

Development of V2V Communication using

Light Fidelity
2022 3rd International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC) | 978-1-6654-7971-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICESC54411.2022.9885381

Soundari D V Varshini G
Associate Professor UG research scholar
Electronics and communication (ECE) Electronics and communication (ECE)
Sri Krishna college of engineering and technology Sri Krishna college of engineering and technology
(SKCET) (SKCET)
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Santhosh Vimal R Vijayalakshmi G

UG research scholar UG research scholar
Electronics and communication (ECE) Electronics and communication (ECE)
Sri Krishna college of engineering and technology Sri Krishna college of engineering and technology
(SKCET) (SKCET)
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Sarankumar. S Selva Kumar D

UG research scholar Associate Professor
Electronics and communication (ECE) Electronics and communication (ECE)
Sri Krishna college of engineering and technology KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology
(SKCET) (KPRIET)
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
[email protected] [email protected]

ABSTRACT – The present era is leading us to the some reliability issues and more importantly some health
peak of wireless communication. Taking wireless issues with the use of Wireless Fidelity Technology. Let
communication into account, cellular network us just jump into another technology that is almost 100
technologies like Wi-Fi and Bluetooth strike out first. times the speed of Wi-Fi and the one that utilizes just the
But ecosystem is getting worse day-by-day with the visible light as a medium of transmission. It’s nothing
use of these technologies. Hence a greener, faster and but Light Fidelity (i.e., Li-Fi) that has immense number
more efficient technology is the need of the hour. This of benefits compared to the others of same category.
Determined lights are now being used for personal as
is where Li-Fi (i.e., Light Fidelity) comes into play.
well as authority benefits for sustainability advancement.
Li-Fi is a VLC (i.e., Visible Light Communication) As an intensely inhabited country, India has abundant
Technology that uses light as a medium for
road issues like accidents and traffic jams. These are now
communication. Obviously, it is the fastest medium of maintained by human interference. This is not too
communication and is eco-friendly one. Combining effective and potent at some point in case an emergency.
the V2V and Li-Fi Technologies will drive the future The proposed model objectives the usage of Light
of smart cars to a higher altitude. This project briefs Fidelity (i.e., Li-Fi) to promote V2V (i.e., Vehicle to
the use of Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communication Vehicle) Communication on-road where the real-time
using Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) to pass data among data will be passed between two vehicles so as to
vehicles in order to prevent traffic jam, accidents, etc. decrease the chance of accidents and traffic jam and
This research work has used Gyro sensor, Ultrasonic improve safer driving.
sensor, LCD display, LDR sensor, Transmitter and a The organisation of the paper is as follows: Section (2)
Receiver of Li-Fi. LEDs as light source. gives a brief note on Literature Review. Section (3) deals
with proposed system. Execution is discussed in section
INDEX TERMS : VLC, LEDs, V2V, Li-Fi, Wi-Fi (4). Section (5) confers Future Enhancement followed by
Conclusion in section (6).

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
1.INTRODUCTION
A high-speed data transmission is the foremost need of
It is almost impossible for today’s individuals to manage
the century. Considering Wireless Communication
life without the usage of Wireless Fidelity (i.e., Wi-Fi).
Domain, Light-Fidelity Technology plays a dominant
In accordance with an analysis conducted by Opinium
role. When the date rates of Li-Fi are considered, it
Online Research, Wi-Fi is in the first place that their
crosses the limit of about 1 Gbps as it is a combination of
respondents could not survive without. But there arise

978-1-6654-7971-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 565

Authorized licensed use limited to: San Francisco State Univ. Downloaded on September 17,2024 at 00:41:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC 2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22V66-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-7971-4

higher bandwidth, higher intensity and lower interference virtual type serial port for the computer system.
output. It is not only faster but also greener, safer and This helps the board to establish connection with
cheaper in comparative to other technologies like Wi-Fi numerous varieties of systems. The main intention
[1].
of planning the above-mentioned system is to have
The Intelligence of our transportation system is growing
day-by-day with the use of Vehicle-to-Vehicle a more trustworthy structure that will easily
Communication(V2V) Technology. The implementation transmit data from the transmitter circuit to that of
of Li-Fi in combination with V2V is more efficient. In receiver equipped on the vehicles. Initially the
the Transmitter, the data to transmitted is first converted Light Fidelity Transmitter will be transferring some
into a digital one using ADC (i.e., Analog to Digital on-road information like distance between two
Convertor) and it is passed through a controller that has a vehicles (evaluated by Ultrasonic Sensor), direction
varying light intensity. In the Receiver, a Photo Diode and speed in which the prior vehicle is shifting
receives the light which is then reconverted to analog (evaluated by Gyro Sensor) and the intensity (i.e.,
using DAC (i.e., Digital to Analog Convertor) [2].
brightness) of light (evaluated by LDR Sensor).
A presentation of Smart Highway Navigation System
using Li-Fi. Atmega328 is used in both transmitter and Considering Light Fidelity Receiver, the Solar
receiver sections. Light Emitting Diodes (LED) are the Panel placed in it will be receiving the data (i.e.,
ones that produces high intensity light. This Visible Li-Fi Signals) that were sent by the transmitter
Light is used to transfer information between accelerated circuit via visible light. It also reveals the output
vehicles. All the information transmitted will be data in the LCD Screen placed over there. The
displayed in the LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) fixed in transmitting rate of data is very high since the
the receiver end [3]. transmitting medium is nothing but light. Also, the
A Concept of Indoor Remote Communication that uses cost of installation is low and it has less effects on
Li-Fi to transmit the data collected from the Camera (i.e.,
the vegetation compared to other medium of
Hub) to the Final User (i.e., Sink). A Li-Fi handset that
allows to communicate with varied Hub is used in each communication. If the term Smart Traffic
camera of the system. Twofold Roof Concept allows the Transportation is taken into account, the proposed
light to pass without any restraint. It transmits data over system will be a more suitable one.
to the dividers. The handsets of cameras use the light and
charge the batteries and get/transmit information [4].
The concept of Lattice which is a Grid of Intelligence for
connected cars. Both the Transmitter and the Receiver
should be in correct view for the data to transmit. The
Receiver Vehicle exists in light for nearly 1 second. LED
is used as Light Source [5].

3.PROPOSED SYSTEM

Fig 2 Experimental setup

4. WORKING:
4.1 Measuring distance:

The distance of separation between two vehicles is

known with the help of Ultrasonic Sensor. It has a
transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit embedded
in it. Initially the transmitter will be transmitting
the sound waves. These waves will be echoed and
bounced back once it hits a vehicle that is very
Fig 1 Block diagram
close to it. The reflected waves are then collected
The visible light is used to transfer data from one with the help of a collector circuit of the sensor. As
vehicle to other in the proposed system. It includes a whole, the distance of separation is calculated.
sensors, microcontroller, a transmitter circuit and a This data is then transferred to the microcontroller.
receiver circuit. The Microcontroller controls the
entire functioning of the system, and it utilizes
Arduino UNO to do so. The chip placed in Arduino
UNO makes communication easier s ince it is
directly clogged to the USB port and performs as a

978-1-6654-7971-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 566

Authorized licensed use limited to: San Francisco State Univ. Downloaded on September 17,2024 at 00:41:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC 2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22V66-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-7971-4

Fig 3 Event diagram of measuring distance

Fig 5 Event diagram of monitoring speed and direction
4.2 Measuring light intensity:
Once the Microcontroller is powered up the
The intensity or brightness of light is more often distance parameter, intensity of light, rotational
detected with the help of LDRs (i.e., Light speed as well as the direction of the vehicle will be
Dependent Resistors) or Photo Resistors. A Light calculated using the above-mentioned sensors. As
Sensor is nothing but a component that is used to soon as two vehicles come in close contact with
determine the real-time light level (i.e., either it is each other these data will be transmitted via Light
bright or dark). The output of Light Dependent Fidelity (i.e., Li-Fi) technology from the transmitter
Resistors is often an Analog Voltage. The circuit to that of the receiver. The Receiver circuit
Microcontroller (Arduino in our case) makes a will be getting the data and will be displaying those
comparison between the output voltage and the in the PC monitor as per the logic coded in the
threshold voltage. If the output is less than the Arduino Program.
threshold, then it suggests the user to turn the
headlight of the vehicle on.

Fig 6 Result
Fig 4 Event diagram of measuring light intensity
5.FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
4.3 Monitoring speed and direction:
Further advancement in Light Fidelity (i.e., Li-Fi)
Technology can be implemented using Gigabit
The rotational speed as well as the rotational Fidelity (i.e., Gi-Fi). It is another form of wireless
change of the vehicle is determined by the communication where the data rate is 1 gigabit per
Gyroscopic sensor. Speaking about the rotational second. With the combination of Machine
change, if a vehicle turns its direction the sensor learning, Gi-Fi and Artificial Intelligence
will be measuring the turn rate of it in terms of autonomous vehicles that can operate with driver
degrees per second. When the vehicle turns in can be introduced. It will also make sure that there
clockwise direction (i.e., right) the readings of the are no probabilities of collision or accidents. Light
Gyro will be down. When the vehicle turns in Anti- Fidelity has a less range and a high frequency so as
clockwise direction (i.e., left) the readings of the to reduce the probability of getting hacked.
Gyro will be up. Hence the following vehicle will
be able to get data of speed and direction of the 6.CONCLUSION
preceding vehicle via the Gyroscopic Sensor.
Human lives get easier and simpler day-by-day
with the improvement and progression of
communication technologies. With the use of the

978-1-6654-7971-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 567

Authorized licensed use limited to: San Francisco State Univ. Downloaded on September 17,2024 at 00:41:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC 2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22V66-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-7971-4

above-mentioned technology (i.e., Light Fidelity),

we can come up with real-time road data and hence
traffic and road accidents due to misunderstanding
can be well prevented in advance. Moreover, it is
an eco-friendly approach which is to be taken into
concern. Since we use visible light as a medium of
communication, more than 70% of the power is
conserved by this system. All the real-time data are
alluded to other vehicles via Li-Fi technology when
the transmitter and receiver vehicles come in close
contact with each other. Radio waves produce
toxic effect on flora and fauna whereas Light
Fidelity is something where the communication is
initiated via light produced by LEDs or other
source. Hence it is non-toxic, efficient, faster,
cleaner and safer means of communication. Cost-
efficient method that can lower the occurrence of
traffic jam and accidents is proposed and is
evidently explained in this paper.

REFERENCES
[1] Siddhant Sunil Meshram, Sangita Meshram, “Light Fidelity
(Li-Fi): A Wireless T echnology”, August 2020
[2] Shivaji Kulkarni, Amogh Darekar, Suhas Shirol, “Proposed
Framework for V2V Communication using Li-Fi T echnology”,
December 2017
[3] Shruti Srivastava, Shivam Bharadwaj, Prateek Gupta,
Kamakshi, “Highway Navigation System using Light Fidelity
T echnology”, March 2018
[4] Mosaif Afaf, Rakrak Said, “An Indoor Wireless Visual
Sensor Network basing on Light -Fidelity Communication”,
2017
[5] Kumar Ranjan, “T he Lattice-An intelligent grid for
connected car Industry”, 2017
[6] Kanchan Tiwari Swami, Asmitha A. Moghe, “A Review of
LiFi T echnology”, December 2020
[7] Shanmughasundaram R., S. Prasanna Vadanan, Vivek
Dharmarajan "Li-Fi Based Automatic Signal Control for
Emergency Vehicles", February 2018
[8] Negash Miteku "Li-Fi over Wi-Fi in Internet Data
communication", December 2015
[9] Albert Demba, Dietmar P. F. Moller, “Vehicle-to-Vehicle
Communication T echnology”, May 2018
[10] Dahmani Mohammed,"Digital data transmission via Visible
Light Communication (VLC): Application to vehicle-to-vehicle
communication", December 2016
[11] Mugunthan, S. R. “ Concept of Li-Fi on Smart
Communication between Vehicles and T raffic Signals.” June
2020.
[12] Nischay, “A Review Paper on Li-Fi T echnology”
VIMPACT – 2017 (Volume 5 – Issue 23), April 2018
[13] Wafa S.M Elbasher, Amin B. A Mustafa, Ashraf A Osman
“ A Comparison between Li-Fi, Wi-Fi, and Ethernet Standards”,
2013
[14] Prof. Vaishali Jadhav, “A Study on LiFi – Light Fidelity
T echnology”, June-2014
[15] Rozin Badeel, Shamala K. Subramaniam, Zurina Mohd
Hanapi, Abdullah Muhammed “A Review on LiFi Network
Research: Open Issues, Applications and Future Directions”,
November 2021

978-1-6654-7971-4/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE 568

Authorized licensed use limited to: San Francisco State Univ. Downloaded on September 17,2024 at 00:41:27 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.