Evolu&on
example
problems
A
B
C
A
2,2
4,3
3,3
B
3,4
4,4
4,2
C
3,3
2,4
4,4
1. Find
all
dynamic
equilibria
and
all
pure
strategy
ESS
of
a
single
popula&on
model
based
on
the
given
game.
Pure
strategies:
(1,0,0)
,
(0,1,0),
and
((0,0,1)
are
equilibria
but
only
(0,1,0)
is
stable;
i.e.
B
is
the
only
pure
ESS
and
pass
by
test
(ii)
Mix
of
A
and
B:
no
equilbria
because
B
dominates
A
.
Mix
of
A
and
C:
no
equilibr&a
because
C
dominates
A.
Mix
of
B
&
C:
no
equilibria
because
B
dominates
C.
Mix
of
A,
B
and
C:
No
equilibria.
B
dominates
A
and
C
and
is
a
global
aKractor.
Evolu&on
example
problems
A
B
C
A
2,2
4,3
3,3
B
3,4
4,4
4,2
C
3,3
2,4
4,4
2.
Compute
the
popula&on
at
&me
t+1
if
the
popula&on
at
&me
t
is
pt
=
(at,bt,ct)=1/6,2/6,3/6).
Use
w
=
1.
pA
=
2(1/6)
+
4(2/6)
+
3(3/6)
+
1
=
25/6
pB
=
3(1/6)
+
4(2/6)
+
4(3/6)
+
1
=
29/6
pC
=
3(1/6)
+
2(2/6)
+
4(3/6)
+
1
=
25/6
pAVE
=
(25/6)(1/6)
+
(29/6)(2/6)
+
(25/6)(3/6)
=
158/36
At+1
=
(1/6)(25/6)(36/158)
=
25/158
Bt+1
=
(2/6)(29/6)(36/158)
=
58/158
Ct+1
=
(3/6)(25/6)(36/158)
=
75/158
Sanity
check:
25+58+75
=
158
so
new
frac&ons
add
up
to
1.
Evolu&on
example
problems
D
E
A
3,1
1,2
B
1,4
5,1
C
4,2
4,1
3.
Find
all
dynamic
equilibria
and
all
pure
strategy
ESS
profiles
of
a
two-‐popula&on
model
based
on
the
given
game.
Pure
strategy
pairs
are
all
equilibria.
Check
stability
(ESS):
(A,D)
:
no,
C
would
invade
(A,E):
no,
B&C
would
invade
(B,D):
no,
A&C
would
invade
(B,E):
no,
D
would
invade
(C,D):
yes!
(C,E):
no,
B,
D
would
invade
E1
:
3d+1(1
–
d)
=
1d
+
5(1
–
d)
1
+
2d
=
5
-‐
4d
D
E
DE
6d
=
4
A
(X)
X
d
=
4/6
B
(X)
X
1a
+
4(1
–
a)
=
2a
+
1(1
–
a)
C
(X)
X
4
–
3a
=
1
+
a
AB
Z
Z
E1
3
=
4a
AC
Z
Z
Z
a
=
¾
BC
Z
XZ
X
Mixed
Equilibrium
=
((3/4,1/4,0),
ABC
Z
Z
Z
(4/6,2/6))
Dynamic
EQ,
NOT
NASH!
Also
not
stable,
C
would
invade
Evolu&on
example
problems
D
E
A
3,1
1,2
B
1,4
5,1
C
4,2
4,1
4.
Determine
the
popula&ons
at
&me
t+1
if
the
popula&ons
at
&me
t
are
p1,t
=
(at,bt,ct)
=
(1/4,1/2,1/4),
p2,t
=
(dt,et)
=
(2/5,3/5)
,
w1
=
1,
w2=2.
pA
=
3(2/5)
+
1(3/5)
+
1
=
14/5
pB
=
1(2/5)
+
5(3/5)
+
1
=
22/5
pC
=
4(2/5)
+
4(3/5)
+
1
=
25/5
pAVE1
=
(14/5)(1/4)
+
(22/5)(2/4)
+
(25/5)(1/4)
=
83/20
At+1
=
(1/4)(14/5)(20/85)
=
14/83
Bt+1
=
(2/4)(22/5)(20/85)
=
44/83
Ct+1
=
(1/4)(25/5)(20/85)
=
25/83
pD
=
1(1/4)
+
4(2/4)
+
2(1/4)
+
2
=
19/4
pE
=
2(1/4)
+
1(2/4)
+
1(1/4)
+
2
=
13/4
pAVE2
=
(19/4)(2/5)
+
(13/4)(3/5)
=
77/20
Dt+1
=
(2/5)(19/4)(20/77)
=
38/77
Et+1
=
(3/5)(13/4)(39/77)
=
39/77