COMPONENTS OF BUILDING’S
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
BUILDING SERVICES &
SYSTEMS-II
LECTURE-2
03-10-2023
ZAIN ZULFIQAR
BASIC WIRING SYSTEMS
• Electrical wire is used to carry electrical current from
the power source to the end user device, like an outlet
or light.
• Wiring in buildings is run either on the surface or
concealed in the construction. Surface wiring is
cheaper but its appearance limits its use. The type of
wiring system available for use in buildings are
sheated and conduit.
CABLES
• “Several wires stranded together is known as a
Cables”.
OR
“Conductors covered with insulation are known as
Cables”.
It consists of three parts:-
1. The conductor.
2. The insulation.
3. The protective covering.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WIRE AND
CABLE
CONNECTORS
• “A conductive device used for connecting electrical
circuits by means of wires and cables.”
• Wires and cables are connected using permanent and
temporary connections.
SWITCHES
• “An electromechanical device used to connect or
disconnect a circuit is known as Switch.”
• The moving part of a switch used to connect or
disconnect a circuit is called a Pole.
• Throw: The number of throws indicates how many
different output connections every switch pole can
connect its input.
Switches
• “An electromechanical device used to connect or
disconnect a circuit is known as Switch.”
• The moving part of a switch used to connect or
disconnect a circuit is called a Pole.
• If the contact of the switch alternatively connects and
disconnects a circuit, it is called a Single Throw Type
Switch.
UNDERSTANDING WIRE SIZING
• The proper wire size is critical to any electrical
wire installation. Wire sizing indicates the
diameter of the metal conductor of the wire and
is based on the American Wire Gauge (AWG)
system. The gauge of a wire relates to the wire's
current-carrying capacity, or how much
amperage the wire can safely handle.
• Wires that are not properly matched to the
amperage of the circuits they serve can create a
notable risk of short circuit and fire.
SYSTEMS OF WIRING
1. Cleat Wiring
2. Wooden casing and capping Wiring.
3. C.T.S OR T.R.S Wiring.
4. Lead sheathed or metal sheathed Wiring.
5. Conduit Wiring.
CLEAT WIRING
• This system of wiring comprise of ordinary VIR
(Vulcanised India Rubber) or PVC (Polyvinyl
chloride) insulated wires braided and
compounded held on walls or ceilings by means
of porcelain cleats, Plastic or wood.
• Cleat wiring system is a temporary wiring
system therefore it is not suitable for domestic
premises. The use of cleat wiring system is over
nowadays
WOODEN CASING AND
CAPPING WIRING
Casing and Capping wiring system was
famous in the past but, it is considered
obsolete these days. The cables used in this
kind of wiring were either VIR or PVC or
any other approved insulated cables.
The cables were carried through the wooden
casing enclosures. The casing is made up of
a strip of wood with parallel grooves. The
capping used to cover the wires and cables
installed and fitted in the casing.
BATTEN WIRING
CTS (cab tyre sheath) OR TRS (Tough rubber sheath)
• Single core or double core or three core TRS
cables are used in this kind of wiring. Mostly,
single core cables are preferred.
• TRS cables are chemical proof, water proof,
steam proof, but are slightly affected by
lubricating oil. The TRS cables are run on well
seasoned and straight teak wood batten.
• The cables are held on the wooden batten by
means of tinned brass link clips.
METAL SHEATHED WIRING
• This type of wiring is adopted for low voltage
installation.
• In this system conductors used are insulated with
V.I.R and then covered with an outer sheath of
lead aluminum alloy containing 95% lead and
5% aluminum.
CONDUIT WIRING
• Conduit wiring system is the best for domestic and
commercial installations.
• It provides proper protection to the installation
against fire hazards, shock, mechanical damage and
dampness.
• The cable used in this system is either V.I.R or P.V.C
insulated and is run in mild steel or P.V.C pipes called
as conduits.
Ducts for Electrical Distribution
• In addition to the wiring systems there are a number
of ducts available specially designed to contain
electric cables in particular building stations
• Duct tube: It consists of an inflatable rubber tube,
which is placed, in concrete formwork before pouring
concrete. After the concrete has set the duct tube is
deflated, leaving a duct for electric wiring, or other
purpose.
• Skirting Trunking: It is very usual to run cable
trunking in or above the skirting round the perimeter
walls. This systems is mostly employed in office
buildings.
• Floor Trunking: System is employed in large offices
where desks are placed remote from walls. Useful
where there are comparatively few points, the
positions of which are known, and where flexibility
for future re-planning must be achieved.
• Overhead distribution systems are clearly more
economical and more flexible than under floor ones.
They are mainly used in industrial units.
Ducts for Electrical Distribution
THANK YOU
