2 English

SUBJECT : BOTANY
Topic : Principle of Inheritance and variation
1. Assertion(A): The body colour and eye color of 4. Select the correct option :
Drosophila showed more recombination than eye Assertion (A) : AB blood group is example of
color and wing size in Morgan’s experiments. co-dominance.
Reason (R): The distance between genes of body Reason (R) : Gene IA & & IB are present
color and eye color is more than the distance together they both express their own type of
between genes of eye color and wing size. sugar.
(1) A is incorrect but R is correct. (1) Both assertion and reason are true and
(2) Both A and R are correct, and R is the reason is a correct explanation of assertion.
correct explanation of A. (2) Both assertion and reason are true but
(3) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the reason is not correct explanation of
correct explanation of A. assertion.
(4) Both A and R are incorrect. (3) Assertion is true but reason is false.
2. Assertion(A): One pair of chromosomes (4) Assertion is false but reason is true.
segregates independently of another pair. 5. Assertion : Gregor Mendel conducted the
Reason (R): During Anaphase of meiosis I, the hybridization experiment on garden peas
two chromosome pairs can align at the and proposed the laws of inheritance in living
metaphase plate and segregate independently of organism.
each other. Reason : Mendel selected 7 true breeding pea
(1) A is incorrect but R is correct. plant varieties.
(2) Both A and R are correct, and R is the (1) Both the assertion and the reason are true
correct explanation of A. and the reason is a correct explanation of
the assertion.
(3) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the
correct explanation of A. (2) Both the assertion and the reason are true
and the reason is not a correct explanation
(4) A is correct but R is incorrect. of the assertion.
3. Assertion (A): The genotypic ratio of a (3) Assertion is true but the reason is false.
monohybrid cross with dominance will be the
same as the genotypic ratio of a monohybrid test (4) Both assertion and reason are false.
cross with incomplete dominance. 6. Assertion (A) :- The possibility of a female
Reason (R): Test crossed is used when the becoming a haemophilic is extremely rare.
genotype of a plant with a dominant trait is Reason (R) :- Mother of a haemophilic female
unknown. has to be at least carrier and the father should be
(1) A is false but R is true. haemophilic.
(2) Both A and R are correct, and R is the (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
correct explanation of A correct explanation
(3) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not
correct explanation of A. the correct explanation
(4) A is true but R is false. (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

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7. Assertion (A) :- Emasculation is required in Pea 10. Assertion: The frequency of males to be colour
plant for cross hybridisation. blind is comparatively more.
Reason (R) :- Pea plant has bisexual flowers. Reason: The genes that lead to red-green colour
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not blindness are on the X chromosome and males
the correct explanation of (A) are hemizygous.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A
(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct
(2) Both A and R are true and R is not the
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of A
correct explanation of (A)
(3) If A is true but R is False
8. Assertion : Haemophilia is a recessive sex linked (4) Both A and R are False
disease.
Reason : Haemophilia occurs due to mutation of 11. Assertion (A) : Dominance is not an autonomous
a structural gene on chromosome 15. feature of a gene.
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason (R) : Dominance depends as much on the
Reason is the correct explanation of the gene product and the production of a particular
Assertion. phenotype.
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the (1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the
Reason is not the correct explanation of the Reason is a correct explanation of
Assertion. Assertion.
(3) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (2) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the
Reason is not a correct explanation of
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are false. Assertion.
9. Assertion : Among the gametes produced by the (3) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
F1 RrYy plant, 50 percent of r bearing gametes
has Y and other 50 percent has y. (4) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Reason : The segregation of 50 percent R and 50 12. Assertion : AB blood group is example of co-
percent r is independent from the segregation of dominance.
50 percent Y and 50 percent y. Reason : In co-dominance the f1 generation
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and resembles both parents.
Reason is a correct explanation of (1) Both Assertion and Reason are true but
Assertion. Reason is NOT the correct explanation of
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Assertion.
Reason is not the correct explanation of (2) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
Assertion. (3) Assertion is false but Reason is true.
(3) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
(4) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.

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13. Assertion : Sickle cell anaemia is a classical 16. Assertion : Male honey bees do not have father.
example of point mutation. Reason : Male honey bees develop from an
Reason : Sickle cell anaemia arises due to unfertilised egg by means of parthenogenesis.
change in single base pair of DNA. (1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is a correct explanation of the
Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion. (2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but
(2) Assertion is true but Reason is false. Reason is not a correct explanation of the
(3) Assertion is false but Reason is true. Assertion.
(3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of (4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.
Assertion. 17. Assertion : Mendel found that the phenotype of
14. Assertion :- The behaviour of chromosome is F1 heterozygote Tt to be exactly like the TT
parallel to the behaviour of gene during cell parent in appearance.
division. Reason : In a pair of dissimilar factors one
Reason :- The two Allele of a gene pair are dominates the other.
located on homologous site on homologous (1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
chromosome. Reason is correct explanation of Assertion
(1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the (2) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is a correct explanation of the Reason is not correct explanation of
Assertion. Assertion
(2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but (3) Assertion is true Reason is false
Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Assertion. (4) Assertion is false Reason is true
(3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False. 18. Assertion (A) : The segregation of alleles is a
random process and so there is a 50% chance of
(4) Both Assertion & Reason are False. a gamete containing either allele.
15. Assertion : Morgan worked with Drosophila Reason (R) : By the process of mitosis, the
melanogaster. alleles of the parental pair separates from each
Reason : Drosophila complete their life cycle in other & only one allele is transmitted to a
about 2 weeks. gamete.
(1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the (1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
Reason is a correct explanation of the correct explanation of (A)
Assertion. (2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
(2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but correct explanation of (A)
Reason is not a correct explanation of the (3) (A) is true but (R) is false
Assertion.
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true
(3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.

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19. Assertion (A): Mendel's law of independent 22. Assertion : Polygenic inheritance involves
assortment does not hold good for the genes that multiple genes affecting a single character.
are located closely on the same chromosome. Reason : Polygenic characters often show
Reason (R) : Closely located genes on a discontinuous variation.
chromosome assort independently. (1) Both assertion and reason are true, and
In the light of the above statements choose the reason is the correct explanation for
correct answer from the options given below : assertion.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both assertion and reason are true, but
reason is not the correct explanation for
(2) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct assertion.
(3) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not (3) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
the correct explanation of (A) (4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
(4) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct 23. Assertion : Mendel's experiments with peas
20. Assertion (A): In polygenic inheritance, the established the law of independent assortment.
phenotype reflects the additive effect of each Reason : In a dihybrid cross, the segregation of
allele. one pair of alleles is independent of the
Reason (R): The environment has no influence segregation of another pair.
on polygenic traits. (1) Both assertion and reason are true, and
(1) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct reason is the correct explanation for
explanation of A. assertion.
(2) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (2) Both assertion and reason are true, but
correct explanation of A. reason is not the correct explanation for
(3) A is true, but R is false. assertion.
(4) A is false, but R is true. (3) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
21. Assertion : Dominance results in a 3 : 1 (4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation. 24. Assertion : The law of segregation states that
Reason : Incomplete dominance produces an alleles segregate during gamete formation.
intermediate phenotype in the F1 generation. Reason : This law explains why a heterozygous
(1) Both assertion and reason are true, and parent produces identical gametes.
reason is the correct explanation for (1) Both assertion and reason are true, and
assertion. reason is the correct explanation for
(2) Both assertion and reason are true, but assertion.
reason is not the correct explanation for (2) Both assertion and reason are true, but
assertion. reason is not the correct explanation for
(3) Assertion is true, but reason is false. assertion.
(4) Assertion is false, but reason is true. (3) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.

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25. Assertion : Starch synthesis in pea seeds is an 28. Assertion : Incomplete dominance results in a
example of incomplete dominance. phenotype that resembles neither of the parents.
Reason : Heterozygous pea seeds produce Reason : In incomplete dominance, the F1
intermediate-sized starch grains. generation shows blending of traits.
(1) Both assertion and reason are true, and (1) Both assertion and reason are true, and
reason is the correct explanation for reason is the correct explanation for
assertion. assertion.
(2) Both assertion and reason are true, but (2) Both assertion and reason are true, but
reason is not the correct explanation for reason is not the correct explanation for
assertion. assertion.
(3) Assertion is true, but reason is false. (3) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(4) Assertion is false, but reason is true. (4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
26. Assertion : The ABO blood group system is an 29. Assertion : In a dissimilar pair of factors, one
example of multiple alleles. member of the pair dominates the other.
Reason : The gene I has three alleles: I , I , and
A B Reason : The recessive factor is always more
i. frequently expressed in the population.
(1) Both assertion and reason are true, and (1) Both assertion and reason are true, and
reason is the correct explanation for reason is the correct explanation for
assertion. assertion.
(2) Both assertion and reason are true, but (2) Both assertion and reason are true, but
reason is not the correct explanation for reason is not the correct explanation for
assertion. assertion.
(3) Assertion is true, but reason is false. (3) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(4) Assertion is false, but reason is true. (4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
27. Assertion : Co-dominance results in the F1 30. Assertion : Characters are controlled by discrete
generation resembling both parents. units called factors.
Reason : In co-dominance, both alleles in the Reason : Factors are always present in pairs.
heterozygote are fully expressed. (1) Both assertion and reason are true, and
(1) Both assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation for
reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
assertion. (2) Both assertion and reason are true, but
(2) Both assertion and reason are true, but reason is not the correct explanation for
reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
assertion. (3) Assertion is true, but reason is false.
(3) Assertion is true, but reason is false. (4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.
(4) Assertion is false, but reason is true.

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31. Assertion : Mendelian disorders can be traced in 34. Assertion : Gregor Mendel, proposed the laws of
a family by the study of karyotype. inheritance in living organisms.
Reason : Mendelian disorders are Reason : Gregor Mendel,
mainly determined by alteration or mutation in conducted hybridisation experiments on wild pea
the single gene. for seven years (1856-1863).
(1) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (1) Both Assertion and Reason are true but
(2) Assertion is false but Reason true. Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(3) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
(2) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion. (3) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason true but Reason (4) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
is not the correct explanation of Assertion. Reason is the correct explanation of
32. Assertion : Sickle-cell anaemia transmitted from Assertion.
parents to the offspring when both the 35. Assertion: in birds, females are heterogametic
partners are carrier for the gene. and males are homogametic.
Reason : Sickle-cell anaemia is an sex linked Reason: In birds, females have ZW sex
recessive trait. chromosomes and males have ZZ sex
(1) Assertion is true but Reason is false. chromosomes.
(2) Assertion is false but Reason true. (1) Both assertion and reason are true and the
reason is the correct
(3) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
(2) Both assertion and reason are true but the
Reason is the correct explanation of
reason is not the correct
Assertion.
(3) Assertion is true but reason is false
(4) Both Assertion and Reason true but Reason
is not the correct explanation of Assertion. (4) Both assertion and reason are false
33. Assertion : Genes are the units of inheritance. 36. Read the statements marked as Assertion and
Reason : Genes contain the information that is Reason and select the correct options -
required to express a particular trait in an Assertion : A couple can have off springs with
organism. all possible blood groups i.e., A, B, AB and O.
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason : This couple has blood groups,
Reason is the correct explanation of heterozygous A and heterozygous B.
Assertion. (1) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is the correct explanation of
Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion. (2) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but
(3) Assertion is true but Reason is false. Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
(3) Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

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37. Assertion (A): Mendel's law of Independent 40. Assertion : Test cross is a back cross
assortment does not hold good for the genes that Reason : In test cross F1-individual is crossed
are located closely on the same chromosome. with recessive parents.
Reason (R): Closely located genes assort Choose the correct answer :
independently. (1) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not
the correct explanation of (A)
(2) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(3) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is
correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the the correct explanation of (A).
correct explanation of (A) 41. Assertion : Haemophilia is commonly found in
38. Assertion: In polygenic inheritance, character is males
controlled by many genes. Reason : Haemophilia is X-linked recessive
Reason: Intensity of character depends upon the disorder.
number of dominant allele in quantitative Choose the correct answer : –
inheritance.
(1) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of (2) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.
Assertion. (3) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are true but correct explanation of (A).
Reason is not the correct explanation of (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not
Assertion. the correct explanation of (A).
(3) Assertion is true but Reason is false. 42. Assertion :- When two genes in a dihybrid cross
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are false. were situated on the same chromosome, the
proportion of parental gene combinations were
39. Assertion : Alleles are sligthly different forms of much higher than the non-parental type.
the same gene. Reason :- This is due to the physical association
Reason : They are the genes which code for a or linkage of the two genes.
pair of contrasting traits of a character.
(1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is a correct explanation of the
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion.
(2) Both Assertion & Reasonare True but
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason Is not a correct explanation of the
Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion.
(3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(3) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

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43. Assertion(A) : Sickle-cell anaemia is an 46. Assertion (A) : In F2 - generation the progeny
autosomal recessive disease. traits were identical to their parental type.
Reason(R) : Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by the Reason (R) : The progeny show no blending of
substitution of valine by glutamic acid in 6 traits.
position of haemoglobin. (1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
Choose the correct answer : – explanation of A.
(1) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (2) Both A and R are true, but R is not the
(2) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. correct explanation of A.
(3) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is (3) A is true, but R is false.
correct explanation of (A). (4) Both A and R are false
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not 47. Assertion : The modified allele is equivalent to
the correct explanation of (A). the unmodified allele when it produces normal
44. Assertion : Mendel did not face linkage. enzyme.
Reason : He did not studied all possible Reason : Modified allele is formed by mutation.
combinations of seven characters. (1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the
(1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is a correct explanation of the
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion. (2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but
(2) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
Assertion. (3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(3) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.
(4) Both Assertion and Reason are false. 48. Assertion : Thalassemia disease is a quantitative
45. Assertion (A) : In codominance the F1 - problem
generation resembles both the parents. Reason : In thalassemia disease few globin
Reason (R) : An example of codominance is molecules are synthesizing
different type of red blood cells that determine (1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the
ABO blood grouping in humans. Reason is a correct explanation of the
(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Assertion.
explanation of A. (2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but
(2) Both A and R are true, but R is not the Reason is not a correct explanation of the
correct explanation of A. Assertion.
(3) A is true, but R is false. (3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(4) Both A and R are false (4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.

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49. Assertion : If single gene exhibit multiple 50. Assertion : In grasshopper, sex of progeny is
phenotypic expression then it is an example or determined by sperm.
pleiotrophy. Reason : Male heterogamety is found in grass
Reason : In polygenic inheritance the effect of hopper.
each allele is additive. (1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the
(1) Both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the
Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
Assertion. (2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but
(2) Both Assertion & Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the
Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
Assertion. (3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
(3) Assertion is True but the Reason is False. (4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.
(4) Both Assertion & Reason are False.

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