UNITED INTERNATIONAL INDIAN SCHOOL, KUWAIT
SUBJECT: PHYSICS
CLASS: 7
CH-5 HEAT AND TEMPERATURE
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B. Short Answer Questions
1. Give reason for the following:
a) A metal knob feels colder than a wooden knob at the same
temperature.
ANS: A metal knob feels colder than a wooden knob at the same
temperature because metal is a good conductor of heat.
b) A fuel tank is usually shiny and smooth.
ANS: A shiny or white surface helps to reflect heat instead of
absorbing it, reducing the risk of the fuel inside the tank catching
fire.
c) A hot air balloon rises up in the sky.
ANS: A hot air balloon rises up in the sky due to difference in density
of hot air filled in balloon and cool atmospheric air. The surrounding
cool air exerts a buoyant force on hot air balloon which rises it up in
the sky.
d) The water pipe in a solar water heater is bent in the shape
shown in the picture.
ANS: The water pipe in a solar water heater is bent in the shape, this
is to deal with the expansion of water due to heat.
2. A student tested a new liquid to decide whether it is suitable for
use in a liquid- in-glass thermometer. He found that the liquid does
not expand uniformly with temperature. What will be the effect of
this on the scale of temperature?
ANS: As the liquid does not expand uniformly with temperature so it
does not give accurate reading on thermometer.
3. Name any two liquid-in-glass thermometers. How do they differ
from each other?
ANS: Mercury and alcohol thermometer.
Mercury thermometer - Mercury is used in this thermometer as it
remains in liquid state for a wide range in temperature ranges -
38.87°C to 356.58°C.
Alcohol Thermometer - Alcohol is used in this thermometer. It can
measure much lower temperature that is up to – 115°C
4. If you do not have a laboratory thermometer, can you measure
the boiling point of a liquid using a clinical thermometer? Would
the temperature reading be accurate? Explain.
ANS: No, the temperature range of clinical thermometer is from
35°C to 42°C while that of a laboratory thermometer is -10°C to
110°C. We cannot measure boiling point of liquid beyond 42°C.
5. What is radiant heat? How do black- and white-coloured objects
absorb heat?
ANS: The heat transmitted in the form of infrared waves is known a
radiant heat. Black objects are good absorbers of heat while white
objects are poor absorbers of heat.
6. Compare the three modes of heat transfer.
ANS: Conduction – transfer of heat energy by direct contact.
Convection – movement of heat by actual motion of matter.
Radiation – transfer of energy with the help of electromagnetic
waves.
C. Long Answer Type Questions
1. A utensil, which is made of thick copper base, is placed on the
gas burner to heat up water in it.
a) Describe briefly how heat is transferred:
i) From the gas burner to water
ANS: Heat from gas burner is transferred to the container by
radiation and heat from metal container is transferred to water by
conduction.
ii) Spread through water in the utensil
ANS: Heat is transferred within water molecules in the container
due to convection.
b) Explain why water boils faster in a covered utensil than in an
uncovered utensil.
ANS: It is because of no loss of heat energy. The lid on the utensil
stops water vapours to escape the water surface and so the heat loss
is prevented.
2. How can heat loss through radiation be reduced in a vacuum
flask? Explain with the help of a diagram.
ANS:
● In a vacuum flask, there is vacuum between the walls which do
not allow conduction and convection to take place.
● The walls are silvered on the vacuum side that reduces
radiation.
● The mouth of the flask is closed with stopper to stop the
radiation and convection.
3. Both hot water system and refrigerator work on the same
principle. How is their working similar? Explain.
ANS:
● Both hot water system and refrigerator work on convection
mode of heat transfer.
● In both the devices, hot air rises up and forms convection
current. It results in circulation of fluid (air/water).
D. Numerical Problems
2. Rama was boiling water in a kettle. Her mother asked her the
temperature of boiling water. She replied that it was 239°F.
a) Calculate the temperature of boiling water in degree
Celsius.
ANS: Temperature = 239°F
Convert it into °C = 5/ 9 × (239 – 32) = 115°C
So, temperature of boiling water is 115°C.
b) Did Rama answer correctly?
ANS: Rama answered incorrectly because boiling point of
water is 100°C. So, it should be 212°F.
E. HOTS
Amit had two balls 'P' and 'Q' made of paraffin. The masses of
the balls 'P' and 'Q' are 1 kg and 2 kg, respectively. He
immersed both the balls in a water bath containing hot water.
He observed that ball 'P' melted faster than ball 'Q'. Why
did this happen?
ANS: Ball ‘P’ has less mass and so it needs less heat to melt.
Hence, ball P will melt faster than Ball Q.
