RURAL
1. Sanitation Coverage Across Households (2014 vs. 2022)
2014
- Initial Status: Limited sanitation coverage with a significant percentage of
rural households lacking access to proper toilets.
- Challenges: High rates of open defecation, inadequate sanitation facilities,
and low awareness about hygiene.
2022
- Improved Coverage: Significant increase in the number of households with
access to toilets.
- Achievements: Major increase in constructing toilets and enhancing
sanitation infrastructure.
- Impact: Reduced open defecation and improved public health outcomes in
rural areas.
2. Open Defecation Free (ODF) Villages: Parameters
Definition of ODF
- No Open Defecation: All members of a community use toilets for
defecation.
- Sustained Use: Continued use of toilets by all members of the community
without reverting to open defecation.
Parameters for ODF Certification
- Toilet Access: Every household must have access to a functional toilet.
- Community Commitment: Strong community engagement and
commitment to maintaining ODF status.
- Cleanliness and Hygiene: Villages must maintain general cleanliness and
proper waste disposal methods.
- Verification and Monitoring: Regular verification processes to ensure
ongoing action with ODF standards.
3. ODF Plus Model: Key Indicators
Definition of ODF Plus
- Beyond ODF: Focus on sustaining ODF status and enhancing overall
cleanliness, including solid and liquid waste management.
Key Indicators
- Solid Waste Management: Efficient collection, segregation, and disposal of
household waste.
- Waste Segregation: Segregation of waste at the source (biodegradable and
non-biodegradable).
- Waste Disposal: Proper disposal methods, including composting and
recycling.
- Liquid Waste Management: Proper treatment and disposal of household
and community wastewater.
- Greywater Management: Treatment of greywater (water from kitchens,
baths, etc.) for reuse or safe disposal.
- Sewage Treatment: Effective sewage treatment plants or decentralized
systems in place.
- Maintenance of Toilets: Regular cleaning and maintenance of public and
household toilets.
- Functionality: Ensuring all toilets remain functional and accessible.
- Cleanliness: Regular cleaning schedules to maintain hygiene standards.
- Behavioral Change and Community Engagement: Continuous education
and community involvement to sustain ODF status and adopt better hygiene
practices.
- Awareness Programs: Ongoing campaigns to educate about sanitation and
hygiene.
- Community Initiatives: Involvement of community groups in maintaining
cleanliness and monitoring practices.
- Monitoring and Evaluation: Regular assessments to ensure adherence to
ODF Plus standards.
- Audits: Periodic sanitation audits to evaluate the status and impact.
- Feedback Mechanism: Systems for community feedback and timely
address of issues.
Urban Swachh Bharat Initiatives
1. Sustainable Sanitation
Definition:-
- Access to Toilets: Ensuring every household has access to a toilet.
- Safe Disposal: Proper treatment and disposal of wastewater to prevent
contamination.
- Behavioral Change: Promoting habits that sustain cleanliness and hygiene.
Implementation:-
- Toilet Construction: Building toilets in urban areas where needed.
- Septic Tanks/Sewage Systems: Installing systems to safely manage and
treat wastewater.
- Awareness Campaigns: Educating residents about the importance of
sanitation.
Impact:-
- Health Benefits: Reduced spread of diseases due to improved sanitation.
- Environmental Benefits: Less pollution and cleaner surroundings.
- Quality of Life: Better living conditions for urban residents.
2. Waste and Solid Waste Management
Definition:-
- Waste Segregation: Separating waste into categories like recyclables and
organic waste.
- Effective Disposal: Ensuring waste is disposed of in a way that minimizes
environmental impact.
- Recycling Initiatives: Promoting recycling of materials like plastics, paper,
and metals.
Implementation:-
- Segregation at Source: Encouraging residents to sort waste at home or
community bins.
- Collection and Transportation: Regular collection and proper
transportation of segregated waste.
- Recycling Facilities: Establishing facilities to process recyclable materials.
Impact:-
- Environmental Benefits: Reduced landfill usage and conservation of
resources.
- Economic Benefits: Generating income through recycling initiatives.
- Community Engagement: Involving residents in waste management
practices.
3. Garbage Free Cities
Definition:-
- Zero Garbage: Aim to eliminate visible litter and maintain cleanliness.
- Public Spaces: Keeping streets, parks, and public areas free of garbage.
- Community Participation: Involving residents and businesses in
maintaining cleanliness.
Implementation:-
- Cleanliness Drives: Organizing regular clean-up events in neighbourhoods
and public places.
- Enforcement of Rules: Implementing strict regulations and penalties for
littering.
- Public Awareness: Educating the public about the importance of keeping
cities clean.
Impact:-
- Aesthetic Improvement: Cities become more attractive and pleasant to live
in.
- Tourism and Economy: Boosting tourism and business activities due to
cleaner surroundings.
- Health and Well-being: Lower risk of diseases and improved quality of life
for residents.
