Introduction:
There are four basic factors of inductor
construction determining the amount of
inductance created. These factors all
indicate inductance by affecting how much
magnetic field flux will develop for a given
amount of magnetic field force (current
through the inductor's wire coil.
AIM
There are four basic factors of
inductor construction
determining the amount of
inductance created. These
factors all indicate inductance
by affecting how much
magnetic field flux will
develop for a given amount of
magnetic field force (current
through the inductor's wire
coil.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
A coil of large turns, A.C.
source of adjustable
frequency, an electric bulb, (6
V) A.C. ammeter of suitable
range, rheostat, a soft iron
rod, one way key, connecting
wires etc.
THEORY
Self Inductance is the property of a coil
which opposes the change in current
through it. The Self Inductance of a coil
(long solenoid) is
L=µoµrN2A
Where μr=Relative magnetic
permeability of magnetic material,
µr=µµµo
N= Total number of turns in solenoid
A= Area of cross section of solenoid
l = Length of solenoid
Hence, the Self Inductance depends
upon
No. of turns (N), L α N²
Geometry of coil, L=A, L α 1/1
Nature of core material, L= μ
When an inductor is connected in
series with a resistor (bulb) with a
variable source of frequency, then
current flowing in the bulb is
I rms=E rms
Z
Where Z= (R² + @²L2)=Impedance of the A.C. Circuit
R= Resistance of bulb
L= Self Inductance of coil
w= 2лf = Angular frequency of A.C. source.
The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is
2
H=I rmsZt
The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is
H= I²rmsZt
Or,
P=H/t= I²msZ
P=I2rms(R2+W2L2)1/2
PROCEDURE
• Make all connections as shown in circuit
diagram.
• Switch on the A.C. supply and adjust the
constant current in the circuit by using the
variable resistor (R1) (let frequency of
source is 60 Hz anda voltage is 6V).
• Record the current in A.C. ammeter and
see the brightness of bulb.
• Now, put the soft iron rod inside the
inductor core and record the current in A.C.
ammeter and again check the brightness of
bulb. The current and
brightness both decreases.
• Now, switch off the supply and decrease the frequency of A.C.
source (say 50 Hz).
• Again switch on the supply and adjust the current in circuit at
same constant voltage 6V by using the rheostat. Note the
current in ammeter and brightness of bulb. The current and
brightness both will increases.
• Again insert the iron in the core of coil and note the current and
brightness. The current and brightness both decreases.
• Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different frequency of A.C.
source (say 40 Hz,30 Hz and 20 Hz).
OBSERVATIONS
• Least Count Error= 0 A.
• Zero error of ammeter =0 A.
• Range of ammeter = 0-5 A.
S.NO Frequency Current Current
of applied in in
voltage ammeter ammeter
(hz) without with iron
iron rod rod in
in coil (A) coil(A)
1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5 20 4.1 4
Result:
The current in the circuit
decrease on inserting the iron
rod in the core of coil at
constant frequency of applied
voltage and brightness of bulb
decreases and vice-versa. The
current in the circuit increases
on decreasing the frequency
of applied voltage and vice-
versa. Therefore, the
brightness of bulb increases.
Precautions:
• The coil should have large
number of turns.
• Current should be passed
for a small time to avoid the
heating effect .
• There should not parallax in
taking the
reading of ammeter.
Source of Error:
• The resistance of circuit
may increases slightly due
to heating effect of current.
• There may be eddy current
