Thinnest layer of Earth Happens during subduction
● Crust ● Magma release
Crust that underlies the continent Plates sliding past each other
● Continental crust ● Transform boundary
Crust that underlies the ocean floor Divergent boundaries in oceanic regions
● Oceanic crust forms
Thickest layer of Earth ● Mid-ocean ridges
● Mantle Hotspots differ from typical plate boundaries
Only layer of the Earth that is LIQUID ● They can create volcanoes away
● Outer core from plate boundaries
Composed of solid iron Geological feature typically associated with
● Inner core subduction zones
Inner core is solid because of ● Deep ocean trench
● Pressure and gravity Oceanic-continental convergence forms
Interface between crust and upper mantle ● Volcanic arcs on land
● Moho discontinuity
Interface between lower mantle and outer Primary cause of earthquakes
core ● Tectonic plate movement
● Gutenberg discontinuity Type of wave produced by an earthquake
Interface between outer core and inner core ● Seismic waves
● Lehmann discontinuity The location below the Earth's surface
Who coined the continental drift theory? where the earthquake starts
● Alfred Wegener ● Hypocenter
States that ocean floors are expanding The location directly above the earthquake's
● Sea-floor spreading theory focus on the Earth's surface
Explains that the earth is shrinking because ● Epicenter
it is cooling due to great pressure squeezing Measure the intensity of earthquakes
parts of the earth into a smaller volume? ● Mercalli scale
● Contraction Theory Measure the magnitude of earthquakes
Product of the rising of heat from the core ● Richter scale
toward the mantle 200-km fault zone cutting almost the whole
● Mantle convection Philippine archipelago
Divergent plate boundaries ● Philippine Fault Zone
● Plates move apart and new crust is Place where a fault zone be present
formed ● Pacific Ocean
Major mechanism of movement in the
divergent boundary Groups of mountains that are in line
● Seafloor spreading ● Mountain Ranges
Product of the movement of the divergent World’s highest mountain ranges
boundary ● Himalayas mountain range
● Ocean floor Process of forming mountains and mountain
In a subduction zone, what occurs when ranges
one plate sinks beneath another ● Orogenesis
● Earthquakes and volcanic activity Formed through plate convergence
may happen ● Fold mountain
Primary cause of plate movement Created by erosion and weathering
● Heat from the Earth's core causing ● Erosion-formed mountain ranges
convection in the mantle Unusual type of mountain that is formed
Convergent plate boundaries when molten rock rises but does not break
● Plates move towards each other through the surface
Major mechanism of movement in the ● Dome mountain
convergent boundary
● Subduction
