Board Revision Worksheet
Relations and Functions
1. How many reflexive functions are possible in a set A whose n(A) = 3?
2. Check whether the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 is one-one
or not.
3. A relation R in S = {1, 2, 3} is defined as
𝑅 = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 3)} . Which element(s) of relation R be
removed to make R an equivalence relation?
4. An equivalence relation R in A divides it into equivalence classes
𝐴1 , 𝐴2 , 𝐴3 . What is the value of 𝐴1 ∪ 𝐴2 ∪ 𝐴3 and 𝐴1 ∩ 𝐴2 ∩ 𝐴3 ?
5. What is the relation in a set A called if each element of A is related to
itself?
6. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be the equivalence relation on A × A defined by
(𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) iff 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 𝑏 + 𝑐. Find the equivalence class [(1, 3)].
7. If 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑎3 ): 𝑎 is a prime number less than 5} be a relation, find the
range of R.
8. Let R be the equivalence relation in the set A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) : 2 divides 𝑎 − 𝑏}. Write the equivalence class [0].
9. If 𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 8} is a relation on N, then write the range of R.
10.If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and 𝑓 = {(1,4), (2,5), (3,6)} is a function
from A to B. Check whether 𝑓 is one-one or not.
11.A function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 is both one-one and onto. If
𝐴 = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then find the set B.
12.Check whether the function 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁 defined by
𝑛+1
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
𝑓(𝑛) = { 𝑛2 is one-one and onto.
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
2
13.Check whether the relation R in the set Z of integers defined as
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 + 𝑏 is divisible by 2} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.
Write the equivalence class containing 0. i.e., [0].
14.How many equivalence relations on the set {1, 2, 3} containing (1, 2) and
(2, 1) are there in all?
15.Check if the relation R in the set R of real numbers defined as
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 < 𝑏} is
(a) symmetric (b) transitive.
16.Check if the relation R on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} defined as
𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑦 is divisible by 𝑥} is
(i) symmetric
(ii) transitive.
17.Check whether the relation R defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 1} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.
18.Show that the relation R on R defined as 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 ≤ 𝑏} is reflexive
and transitive but not symmetric.
19.If R is a relation defined on N as 𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑁 and 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 24},
then find the domain and range of the relation R. Also, find whether R is
an equivalence relation or not.
20.If 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {3} and 𝐵 = 𝑅 − {1}. Consider the function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 defined
𝑥−2
by 𝑓(𝑥) = , for all 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴. Show that 𝑓 is bijective.
𝑥−3
21.If A = {1, 2, 3, …., 9} and R is a relation in A × A defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if
𝑎 + 𝑑 = 𝑏 + 𝑐 for (a, b), (c, d) in A × A. Prove that R is a equivalence
relation. Also, obtain the equivalence class [(2, 5)].
𝑥 + 1, 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
22.Show that 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁 given by 𝑓(𝑥) = { is bijective.
𝑥 − 1, 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
23.If 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 is the function defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 + 7, show that 𝑓 is a
bijection.
24.If 𝑓: 𝑋 → 𝑌 is a function, and R is a relation on 𝑋 given by
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑓(𝑎) = 𝑓(𝑏)}, show that R is an equivalence relation on 𝑋.
25.A relation R is defined on a set of real numbers R as
𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦) : 𝑥𝑦 is an irrational number}. Check whether R is reflexive,
symmetric and transitive or not.
5𝑥−3
26.Show that a function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = is both one-one
4
and onto.
−4 4𝑥
27.Let 𝑓: 𝑅 − { } → 𝑅 be a function defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = . Show that 𝑓
3 3𝑥+4
is a one-one function. Also, check whether 𝑓 is an onto function or not.
28.A function 𝑓: [−4, 4] → [0, 4] is given by 𝑓(𝑥) = √16 − 𝑥 2 . Show that 𝑓
is an onto function but not a one-one function. Further, find all possible
values of 𝑎 for which 𝑓(𝑎) = √7.
29.If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on
N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d), if 𝑎 𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑏𝑐(𝑎 + 𝑑). Show that R
is an equivalence relation.
30.Given a non-empty set X, define a relation R in P(X) as follows:
For 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ 𝑃(𝑋), (𝐴, 𝐵) ∈ 𝑅 iff 𝐴 ⊂ 𝐵. Prove that R is reflexive,
transitive and not symmetric.
31.Let R be a relation on N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d) ⇔ 𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐 for all
(𝑎, 𝑏), (𝑐, 𝑑) ∈ 𝑁 × 𝑁. Show that R is an equivalence relation on N × N.
Also, find the equivalence class of (2, 6) i.e., [(2, 6)].
32.Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → {𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, −1 < 𝑥 < 1} defined by
𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 is one-one and onto function.
1+|𝑥|
𝑥
33.Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = is neither one-
𝑥 2 +1
one nor onto.
34.Prove that the relation R on Z, defined by
𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): (𝑥 − 𝑦) is divisible by 5} is an equivalence relation.
35.Let 𝐴 = {𝑥 ∈ 𝑍: 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12}.
Show that 𝑆 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝐴, |𝑎 − 𝑏| is divisible by 4} is an
equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1. Also,
write the equivalence class [2].
