CE168P-2 .
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROJECT RESOURCES
SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
CE168P-2 .
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT
CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
What is CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY?
It refers to how efficiently resources are converted into completed work on a
construction project. It's essentially a measure of output (completed work)
relative to the input (resources used).
These resources can include:
Labor: Number of workers and their work hours.
Materials: Quantity and quality of materials used.
Equipment: Machinery and tools employed for construction activities.
Time: Duration of construction activities.
Financial Resources: Budget allocated for the project.
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
Example:
DESCRIPTION OUTPUT/INPUT UNIT DESCRIPTION OUTPUT/INPUT UNIT
Excavation (Manual) Backfilling
Common earth 0.125 M3/MH Common manual 1.22 M3/MH
Loam of sand 0.76 M3/MH Gravel fill manual 0.2 M3/MH
Clay or heavy Trenching & Backfilling Of Underground Piping using
0.61 M3/MH
soil Excavation Matls Manual From:
Rock 0.38 M3/MH 0 – 2m Depth 0.8 LM/MH
Excavation (Mechanical Tools) 2 – 3m Depth 0.6 LM/MH
Common earth 0.15 M3/MH Spreading, Tamping &
2.08 M2/MH
Grading
Rock with jack
0.06 M3/MH
hammer Mechanical compaction,
16.67 M3/MH
**Reference: https://philconprices.com/tag/philippine-construction-productivity-rates/ plate compaction 64
SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
Why is Construction Productivity Important?
Reduced Project Costs: By optimizing resource utilization, less labor, material,
and equipment are wasted, leading to lower overall project costs.
Faster Project Completion: Completing tasks efficiently translates to shorter
construction schedules, allowing earlier project completion and potentially faster
revenue generation (if applicable).
Improved Project Quality: A well-organized and efficient work environment fosters
better quality control, reducing rework and ensuring a higher quality final product.
Enhanced Worker Safety: Optimized workflows and proper planning can minimize
safety hazards and near misses, leading to a safer work environment for
construction workers.
Increased Company Profitability: By delivering projects on time, within budget,
and with high quality, construction companies can improve their profit margins and
competitiveness.
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY
Challenges to Construction Productivity
Fragmented communication: Disjointed communication between project
stakeholders can lead to delays and rework.
Inefficient planning and scheduling: Poor planning or unrealistic
schedules can disrupt workflows and resource allocation.
Limited worker skills and training: A workforce lacking the necessary skills
or training can slow down work progress.
Material shortages and delays: Unforeseen material delays can disrupt
construction sequencing.
Unforeseen weather conditions: Adverse weather can cause work
stoppages and schedule delays.
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF PRODUCTIVITY
Scenario: A crew excavated a trench 200 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 1.5
meters deep. Calculate both the Labor and Equipment Productivity
Labor Productivity: This measures the amount of material excavated per labor hour.
Assumptions:
The crew has 5 laborers.
The crew (laborers) will finish 50% of the total volume of excavation.
The excavation process takes 8 hours to complete.
Calculations:
Total Volume of Excavation:
Volume = Length x Width x Depth
Volume = (200 m x 2 m x 1.5 m) / 2 = 300 cubic meters
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF PRODUCTIVITY
Scenario: A crew excavated a trench 200 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 1.5
meters deep.
Assumptions:
The crew has 5 laborers.
The crew (laborers) will finish 50% of the total volume of excavation.
The excavation process takes 8 hours to complete.
Calculations:
Labor Productivity:
We need to find the total labor hours:
Labor Hours = Number of Workers x Total Work Time
Labor Hours = 5 workers x 8 hours/worker = 40 hours
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF PRODUCTIVITY
Scenario: A crew excavated a trench 200 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 1.5
meters deep.
Assumptions:
The crew has 5 laborers.
The crew (laborers) will finish 50% of the total volume of excavation.
The excavation process takes 8 hours to complete.
Calculations:
Labor Productivity:
Now, calculate the volume excavated per labor hour:
Labor Productivity = Total Volume Excavated / Total Labor Hours
Labor Productivity = 300 cubic meters / 40 hours = 7.5 cubic meters/hour per worker
Interpretation: Each laborer on average excavated 7.5 cubic meters of material per hour.
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF PRODUCTIVITY
Scenario: A crew excavated a trench 200 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 1.5
meters deep. Calculate both the Labor and Equipment Productivity.
Equipment Productivity: This measures the volume of material excavated per equipment
hour.
Assumptions:
The equipment will finish 50% of the total volume of excavation.
The excavation process takes 8 hours to complete.
They are using a backhoe excavator with a bucket capacity of 1.5 cubic meters.
The backhoe makes complete cycles during operation (filling the bucket completely each
time).Therefore, the number of bucket loads equals the total volume excavated divided by the
bucket capacity.
Calculations:
Number of Bucket Loads
Number of Bucket Loads = Total Volume / Bucket Capacity
Number of Bucket Loads = 300 cubic meters / 1.5 cubic meters/bucket = 200 buckets
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF PRODUCTIVITY
Scenario: A crew excavated a trench 200 meters long, 2 meters wide, and 1.5
meters deep.
Assumptions:
The crew (laborers) will finish 50% of the total volume of excavation.
The excavation process takes 8 hours to complete.
They are using a backhoe excavator with a bucket capacity of 1.5 cubic meters.
The backhoe makes complete cycles during operation (filling the bucket completely each
time).Therefore, the number of bucket loads equals the total volume excavated divided by the
bucket capacity.
Calculations:
Equipment Productivity (Bucket Loads per Hour)
Equipment Productivity (Bucket Loads per Hour) = Number of Bucket Loads / Total Work Time
Equipment Productivity = 200 buckets / 8 hours = 25 buckets/hour = 37.5 cubic meter/hour
Interpretation: The backhoe excavator completed 25 bucket loads per hour, translating to 37.5 cubic
meters excavated per hour (25 buckets/hour * 1.5 cubic meters/bucket).
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL, GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
SAMPLE COMPUTATION OF PRODUCTIVITY
Notes
This is a simplified example, and real-world scenarios might involve factors
like equipment downtime, inefficiencies during loading/unloading cycles, and
worker breaks, which would affect the calculated productivity rates.
For a more comprehensive picture, you might also consider factors like the
haul distance for excavated material and the excavated soil conditions
(density, presence of rocks etc.).
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