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Section 4: Turning Regulations
Driving Rules, Regulations & Penalties
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Turning may seem like one of the most basic
driving skills, but it’s also one of the most
important things a driver must master.
Whether you’re turning right, left, or reversing
direction, you must commit to the turn, but
only after letting other drivers know your
intentions. You must also watch what other
vehicles are doing and keep an eye out for
pedestrians on the road and sidewalks.
There are correct hand signals for stopping
and turning, which are standard in all 50
states. To give a hand signal, a driver should
extend their arm well outside the vehicle so
that it’s visible to other motorists.
Stopping or slowing down: Hand and arm
downward, palm facing rearward.
Right turn: Hand and arm upward.
Left turn: Hand and arm straight out.
U-Turns
U-turns are not legal everywhere, which
means that before you make a u-turn, check
for any signs indicating that they are
prohibited. Never make a u-turn on an
expressway. When making a U-turn, give a left
turn signal and stop to check for approaching
tra"c. Then, proceed into the outside or
right-hand lane traveling in the opposite
direction.
Keep these three tips in mind when preparing
to turn:
1. Reduce your speed.
2. Be alert for tra"c on all sides of your
vehicle, taking extra precaution to check for
motorcycles. Most crashes involving
motorcycles are caused due to the driver
failing to see the motorcycle.
3. Keep in mind that your rear wheels will
travel inside the path of the front wheels, and
will be closer to the curb during a right turn, or
opposing tra"c during a left turn. Watch for
pedestrians, bicyclists and moped riders,
especially on right turns, because they are
often di"cult to see in tra"c.
Right Turn
As you prepare to turn right, remain as far to
the right as possible. Avoid making wide,
sweeping turns. Unless signs direct you
otherwise, turn into the right lane of the road
you’re entering.
Left Turn From a One-Way Road onto Another
One-Way Road:
Prepare to turn by moving into the left lane or
into the left side of a single lane road and
make sure you’re as close as possible to the
left curb or edge of the road beforehand. If the
road you’re entering has two lanes you must
turn into its left lane.
Left Turn From a One-Way Road onto a Two-
Way Road:
Approach the turn while in the left lane or
from the left side of a single lane. As you cross
the intersection, enter the two-way road to
the right of its centerline, but as close as
possible to the centerline. Be alert for tra"c,
especially motorcycles, approaching from the
road to the left. Oncoming motorcycles are
di"cult to see, and it’s di"cult to judge their
speed and distance.
Left Turn From a Two-Way Road onto a Two-
Way Road:
Approach the turn with your left wheels as
close as possible to the centerline. Try to use
the left side of the intersection to help ensure
that you don’t interfere with any opposing
tra"c that may be turning left. Stay to the
right of the centerline of the road you’re
entering, but as close as possible to the
centerline. Be alert for tra"c, especially
motorcycles, approaching from the left, as
well as from the oncoming lane you’re about to
cross. Oncoming motorcycles are di"cult to
see and it’s di"cult to judge their speed and
distance. Drivers often fail to see an
oncoming motorcycle and may collide with the
vehicle while making a turn across a tra"c
lane.
Left Turn From a Two-Way Road onto a One-
Way Road:
Approach the turn with your left wheels as
close as possible to the centerline. Make the
turn before reaching the center of the
intersection and turn into the left lane of the
road you’re entering.
Left Turn From a One-Way Road onto a Four-
Lane Highway:
Approach the turn with your left wheels as
close as possible to the centerline. Enter the
left lane to the right of the centerline. When
tra"c permits, you may move out of the left
lane.
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