COMPUTER ORIENTED NUMERICAL METHODS (BMA-206)
LTPC3104
UNIT I:
Nonlinear Equations and Simultaneous Linear Equations:
Roots of nonlinear equation, Methods of solution, Order of convergence of iterative
methods, Simple roots: Bisection, False position, secant, Newton-Raphson, Chebyshev,
Iteration and multi point iteration methods, Multiple roots: Newton-Raphson and
Chebyshev, Complex roots: Newton-Raphson and Muller‘s method, a system of
nonlinear equations: Newton-Raphson and Iteration methods, Polynomial equations:
Bairstow‘s method, convergence analysis of above methods.
Linear systems: Introduction, Direct methods, Operation count, Pivoting, III conditioned
linear systems & condition number, Iteration methods: Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, SOR
methods, convergence conditions. Special system of equations: Thomas algorithm.
Eigen value problems: Given‘s and Power methods.
UNIT II:
Interpolation, Differentiation and Integration:
Curve fitting: Polynomial interpolation, error, Existence and Uniqueness, Truncation
error bounds, difference operators, Newton forward and backward difference
interpolations, Lagrange, Newton divided difference and Iterated interpolations, stirling
and Bessel‘s interpolations, Spline interpolation, Least squares and Chebyshev
approximations. Numerical Differentiation: Methods based on interpolation, Error
analysis. Numerical Integration: Methods based on interpolations (Trapezoidal,
Simpson‘s 1/3, simpson‘s 3/8 rule), Gauss quadrature methods, Romberg integration,
Error bounds and estimates.
UNIT III:
Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations:
Initial-value problems, Single step methods: Taylor‘s, Picard‘s, Euler‘s,Modified Euler‘s
method and Runge-Kutta method (fourth Order), Error estimates, Multi-step methods:
Adam‘s-Bashforth and Milne‘s methods, convergence and stability analysis,
Simultaneous and Higher order equations: RK Fourth order method.
UNIT IV:
Initial & Boundary Value Problems and Iterative Solvers:
BVP: Shooting method and Finite difference methods for Ordinary Differential
Equations, Solution of Partial differential equation;solution of Laplace, Poisson
equations: Standard 5- point and diagonal 5- point formulae, Jacobi method, Gauss
Seidel method (Liebmann‘s iterative method) Relaxation method. Solution of heat
equation: Crank – Nicolson method, Solution of wave equation.
UNIT V:
Finite Element Method:
Basic concepts, variational formulation and functional, base functions, approximations
weighted residual methods: Ritz method, Galerkin method, Least squares method,
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collocation method, Finite element and solution of simple problemsand time dependent
problems.
Books Recommended:
1. M.K.Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar&R.K.Jain, Numerical methods for Scientific and
Engineering Computation, Nage International Publication.
2. S.S Sastry, Intoductory Methods of Numerical Analysis, Eastern Economy Edition.
3. S. Rajasekaran, Numerical Method in Science and Engineering, Wheeler Publishing
House.
4. B.S. Grewal, Numerical Method in Engineering & Science, Khanna Publishers.
Objective / Outcomes, CONM
Using Mathematical Modeling, most of the problems in Engineering, physical and
Economical sciences canbe formulated in terms of systems of linear or non-linear
equations, ordinary or partial differential equations or integral equations. In majority of
the cases, the solutions to these problems in analytical form are difficult or not amenable
for direct interpretation. In all such problems, Numerical Analysis provides approximate
solutions to the desired degree of accuracy.
Numerical Methods provide easier computational process to solve various mathematical
problems like Interpolation, Differentiation, Integration, ODE & PDE and Initial &
Boundary value problems.
Analytical solutions can be obtained only for selected class of ODE and PDE. For certain
problems, analytical solutions cannot be obtained. However numerical solutions can be
obtained to the desired degree of accuracy using computers.
In civil engineering, numerical methods are used routinely in structural analysis to
determine the member forces and moments in structural systems, prior to design. They
are most useful in analyzing civil engineering problems with complicated geometries,
material properties and loading conditions.
Finite element method has been extensively used in the field of structural mechanics, it
has been successfully applied to solve several other types of engineering problems like
heat conduction, fluid dynamics, electric and magnetic field. The general applicability of
the method is to find the solution of complicated boundary value and other problems.
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