# Bethel Digital Academy: Computer Basics Handout
## Introduction to Computer Basics
### What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device that processes data to produce meaningful information. It is used
to perform a wide range of tasks, from simple calculations to complex simulations. Computers are
integral to modern life, found in homes, workplaces, schools, and beyond.
### Types of Computers
1. **Desktop Computers:** Designed for regular use at a single location.
2. **Laptops:** Portable computers with built-in screens and keyboards.
3. **Tablets:** Handheld devices operated via touchscreens.
4. **Smartphones:** Compact computers used primarily for communication but capable of
performing many computing tasks.
### Overview of Hardware and Software
- **Hardware:** The physical components of a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, and
motherboard.
- **Software:** The set of instructions or programs that tell the hardware what to do, such as
operating systems and applications.
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## Hardware Components
### Key Parts of a Computer
1. **Monitor:** Displays visual output from the computer.
2. **CPU (Central Processing Unit):** The "brain" of the computer, responsible for executing
instructions.
3. **Keyboard:** Used for typing and inputting data.
4. **Mouse:** A pointing device to navigate the computer interface.
### Internal Components
1. **Motherboard:** The main circuit board connecting all components.
2. **RAM (Random Access Memory):** Temporary memory used for processing tasks.
3. **Hard Drive (HDD/SSD):** Long-term storage for files and applications.
4. **Power Supply Unit (PSU):** Converts electrical energy into usable power for the computer.
### Diagram of a Desktop Computer Setup
(*Insert image of labeled desktop computer setup, including monitor, keyboard, CPU, and mouse.*)
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## Basic Computer Operations
### Starting and Shutting Down a Computer
1. **Starting the Computer:**
- Locate the power button on the CPU or laptop.
- Press the button to power on the computer.
- Wait for the operating system to load.
2. **Shutting Down the Computer:**
- Save any open work.
- Click the "Start" menu or equivalent.
- Select "Shut Down" and wait for the computer to power off completely.
### Navigating the Desktop Interface
1. **Desktop:** The main screen area where icons and applications are displayed.
2. **Taskbar:** Typically located at the bottom of the screen, it shows open applications and
provides access to system functions.
3. **Icons:** Small graphical representations of files, folders, and applications.
### Using a Mouse and Keyboard
- **Mouse:**
- Left-click: Select items.
- Right-click: Open context menus.
- Scroll wheel: Navigate through pages or lists.
- **Keyboard:**
- Alphabet keys: Typing text.
- Function keys (F1-F12): Perform specific tasks.
- Shortcut keys (e.g., Ctrl+C for copy, Ctrl+V for paste).
### Opening and Closing Applications
1. Locate the application icon on the desktop or taskbar.
2. Double-click the icon to open the application.
3. To close, click the "X" button at the top-right corner of the application window.
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## Introduction to Microsoft Word
### What is Microsoft Word?
Microsoft Word is a word-processing software used to create, edit, and format text documents. It is
widely used for creating reports, letters, resumes, and more.
### Key Features of Microsoft Word
1. **Creating a New Document:**
- Open Microsoft Word.
- Click "File" > "New" to start a new document.
2. **Saving a Document:**
- Click "File" > "Save As."
- Choose a location and enter a file name.
- Click "Save."
3. **Basic Text Editing:**
- Type text using the keyboard.
- Use formatting tools (bold, italic, underline) to enhance text appearance.
4. **Adding Images:**
- Click "Insert" > "Pictures."
- Select an image file and click "Insert."
### Diagram of Microsoft Word Interface
(*Insert image showing the toolbar, ribbon, and workspace of Microsoft Word.*)
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## Coming Next: Exploring the Internet and Email Basics
The next section will cover how to browse the internet safely, use search engines effectively, and set
up and manage an email account.
