1) # Create a text file and write some content
file = open('sample.txt', 'w')
file.write("Hello World! This is a sample text file.")
file.close()
# Function to count characters
def count_characters(filename):
vowels = consonants = lower = upper = 0
file = open(filename, 'r')
text = file.read()
file.close()
for char in text:
if char.isalpha():
if char.lower() in 'aeiou':
vowels += 1
else:
consonants += 1
if char.islower():
lower += 1
else:
upper += 1
return vowels, consonants, lower, upper
# Count and display the results
vowels, consonants, lower, upper = count_characters('sample.txt')
print(f"Vowels: {vowels}, Consonants: {consonants}, Lowercase: {lower}, Uppercase: {upper}")
2) import csv
def add_record():
with open('telephone.csv', 'a', newline='') as f:
csv.writer(f).writerow([input("Cust ID: "), input("Name: "), input("Phone No: "), input("Plan Type:
")])
def display_records():
with open('telephone.csv', 'r') as f:
for row in csv.reader(f):
print(row)
def search_record(field, value):
with open('telephone.csv', 'r') as f:
for row in csv.reader(f):
if row[field].lower() == value.lower():
print(row)
return
print("Record not found.")
def display_by_start_letter(letter):
with open('telephone.csv', 'r') as f:
for row in csv.reader(f):
if row[1].startswith(letter):
print(row[1], row[2])
while True:
choice = input("\n1. Add Record\n2. Display Records\n3. Search by Cust ID\n4. Search by Name\
n5. Display by Starting Letter\n6. Exit\nChoice: ")
if choice == '1': add_record()
elif choice == '2': display_records()
elif choice == '3': search_record(0, input("Cust ID: "))
elif choice == '4': search_record(1, input("Name: "))
elif choice == '5': display_by_start_letter(input("Starting Letter: "))
elif choice == '6': break
else: print("Invalid choice.")
3)
stack = []
def push():
item = input("Enter item to push: ")
stack.append(item)
print(f"{item} pushed to stack.")
def pop():
if stack:
print(f"Popped item: {stack.pop()}")
else:
print("Stack is empty.")
def display():
print("Stack contents:", stack)
def peek():
if stack:
print("Top item:", stack[-1])
else:
print("Stack is empty.")
while True:
choice = input("\n1. Push\n2. Pop\n3. Display\n4. Peek\n5. Continue (Y/N): ")
if choice == '1': push()
elif choice == '2': pop()
elif choice == '3': display()
elif choice == '4': peek()
elif choice.lower() == '5':
if input("Continue? (Y/N): ").lower() != 'y': break
else: print("Invalid choice.")
4)
import pickle
def write_record():
with open('doctors.dat', 'ab') as f:
doctor_id = input("Enter Doctor ID: ")
doctor_name = input("Enter Doctor Name: ")
salary = float(input("Enter Salary: "))
pickle.dump((doctor_id, doctor_name, salary), f)
def read_records():
try:
with open('doctors.dat', 'rb') as f:
while True:
print(pickle.load(f))
except EOFError:
pass
def update_record():
doctor_id = input("Enter Doctor ID to update: ")
records = []
found = False
try:
with open('doctors.dat', 'rb') as f:
while True:
record = pickle.load(f)
if record[0] == doctor_id:
record = (record[0], record[1], float(input("Enter new Salary: ")))
found = True
records.append(record)
except EOFError:
pass
with open('doctors.dat', 'wb') as f:
for record in records:
pickle.dump(record, f)
if found:
print("Record updated.")
else:
print("Record not found.")
def search_record():
doctor_id = input("Enter Doctor ID to search: ")
try:
with open('doctors.dat', 'rb') as f:
while True:
record = pickle.load(f)
if record[0] == doctor_id:
print(record)
return
except EOFError:
print("Record not found.")
while True:
choice = input("\n1. Write Record\n2. Read Records\n3. Update Record\n4. Search Record\n5.
Continue (Y/N): ")
if choice == '1': write_record()
elif choice == '2': read_records()
elif choice == '3': update_record()
elif choice == '4': search_record()
elif choice.lower() == '5':
if input("Continue? (Y/N): ").lower() != 'y': break
else: print("Invalid choice.")
5)A)
import csv
# Create and write to the CSV file
with open('emp.csv', 'w', newline='') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
writer.writerow(['EmpNo', 'Name', 'Salary']) # Header
writer.writerows([
[1, 'Alice', 15000],
[2, 'Bob', 25000],
[3, 'Charlie', 18000],
[4, 'David', 9000],
[5, 'Eve', 12000]
])
# Read and display records with salary in the range of 10000 to 20000
with open('emp.csv', 'r') as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
next(reader) # Skip header
print("Employees with salary between 10000 and 20000:")
for row in reader:
if 10000 <= int(row[2]) <= 20000:
print(row)
5)B)
with open('hash.txt', 'r') as f:
3 for line in f:
4 print('@'.join(line.split()))
