13. ll YEA.
R PUC PRATICAL EXAMJNATION
VIVA QUESTIONS FOR FUNCTIONAL GROUPS IN ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS
ALCOHOLS
1. '\Vhich is the fimctional group of alcohol ?
Ans. - OH (Alcoholic group)
Name a test for alcohols
Ans. Ceric ammonium nitrate test.
3. Explain Ceric ammonium nitrate test.
Ans. \Vhen an alcohol is shaken with Ceric anunonium nitrate solution, pink or red
colmtr appears.
4. \.Vhich type of alcohol reacts slowly with Lucas reagent?
Ans. Primary alcohols.
5. Which type of alcohol reacts instantaneously with Lucas reagent ?
Ans. Tertiary alcohols.
6. Name the chemical reagent used to distinguish primary alcohol, secondary
alcohol and tertiary alcohol?
Ans. Lucas reagent.
7. \Vhat is Lucas reagent ?
Ans. A mixture of anhydrous ZnCl 2 and Cone. HCl is called Lucas reagent.
8. What is the meaning of 2° alcohol?
Ans. The alcohol in which - OH group is attached to sec - carbon atom
9. \.\That is the general fonnula of primary alcohol ?
Ans. R-CH2-0H
10. What is the general formula of secondary alcohol ?
Ans. R-CH-R 1
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OH PHENOLS
l. \1/hat is phenolic - OH group?
Ans. - OH group which is directly bonded to Benzene ring.
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2. Phenol does not displace CO 2 from NaHCOJ solution (Sodiutn hydrogen
carbonate) Why ?
Ans. Since phenol is less acidic than carbonic acid.
3. Write any two tests for phenols.
Ans. i) Neutral Ferric Chloride test.
ii) Phthalein dye test.
4. Explain Neutral ferric chloride test for phenol.
Ans. When phenol is treated with Neutral ferric chloride a violet colour is observed.
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5. Explain phthalein dye test for phenol. .
Ans. Phenol is mixed with phthalic anhydride and Cone. H 2 S04 . The mixture is
heated, cooled and poured into a dilute sodium hydroxide. A pink coloured
solution is formed.
6. Why pink colour is formed in phthalein dye test ?
Ans. It is due to formation of phenolphthalein.
7. Naine the organic compound formed in phthalein dye test for phenol.
Ans. Phenolphthalein
8. What is neutral ferric chloride solution ?
. Ans. Aqueous solution of Neutral ferric chloride is acidic due to hydrolysis. It is
made neutral by adding NH4 0H.
9. Write the formula of phenol.
Ans.
@OH
10. Why phenol should not touch with bear hands?
Ans. It is highly corrosive.
ALDEHYDES AND KETONES
1. What is the common functional group found in aldehydes and ketones ?
Ans. Carbonyl group ( >C = 0)
2. What is the functional group of aldehydes?
Ans. - CHO (aldehydic group)
3. What is the functional group of ketones ?
Ans. >CO (ketonic group)
· 4. Name the com1non test for aldehydes and ketones
Ans. 2, 4 - DNP hydrazine test
5. Expand 2,4 - DNP hydrazine
Ans. 2,4 - Dinitro phenyl hydrazine
6. Which coloured ppt. is obtained when an aldehyde or a ketone is treated with
2,4 - DNP hydrazine ?
Ans. Orange coloured precipitate.
7. Name the orange coloured product formed when benzaldehyde is treated with
2,4-DNP hydrazine
Ans. Benzaldehyde 2,4 - DNP hydrazone.
8. What is Tollen's reagent?
Ans. Anunonical silver nitrate solution is called Tollen's reagent.
9. Explain Tollen's reagent test.
Ans. When an aldehyde is heated with Tollen's reagent, a black ppt. (silver) is
formed.
I 0. Name a test for ketones.
Ans. m-dinitrobezene test or Sodium nitroprusside test.
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
1. What is the functional group of Carboxylic acids ?
Ans. -COOR (Carboxyl group)
2. Explain litmus test for carboxylic acids.
Ans. When a blue litmus paper or blue litmus solution is treated with a carboxylic
acid, it turns to red.
3. Explain Sodium bicarbonate test for carboxylic acids.
Ans. When a carboxylic acid is treated with sodium bicarbonate solution,
effervescence occurs due to the liberation of CO 2 gas
4. How can you confirm the liberation of CO 2 gas during sodium bicarbonate test
for carboxylic acids?
Ans. By passing CO2 gas into lime water which turns milky.
5. What is lime water ?
Ans. A solution of calcium hydroxide.
6. Explain esterification test for carboxylic acids.
Ans. A carboxylic acid is mixed with an alcohol and a few drops of Cone. H 2S0 4 •
The mixture is heated and poured into sodium carbonate solution, fruity odour
is obtained.
7. Name the ester formed when acetic acid is heated with ethyl alcohol in presence
of Cone. H 2S04.
Ans. Ethyl acetate.
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$. Other than carboxylic acid which acid is used in esterification test?
· Ans. Cone. H 2SO 4 . · ·
·9. What is the role of Cone. H 2SO 4 in esterific ation?
Ans. Dehydrating agent.
I0. Name the tests for carboxylic acids.
Ans. I . Litmus test
2. Sodium bicarbonate test
3. Esterification
AMINES
l. What is the general formula
.
of I O' 2° and 3° amines
0
Ans. l amines : R - NH 2
2° amines : R - NH - R 1
3° amines : R - N - R 1
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RII
2. Na1ne the confimatory test for primary amines.
Ans. Carbyla mine test which is answered by both aliphatic and aromatic 1° amines
O
. 3. How do you distinguish aliphatic and aromatic I amines ?
Ans. By azo - dye test which is answered only by aromatic I amines
O
4. Which is the functional group of primary amines ?
Ans. - NH 2 ( amino group)
5. Which type of amines answers carbylamine test ?
Ans. All primary amines.
6. What type of odour is observed in carbylamine test?
Ans. Offensi ve or bad odour is observed
7. Explain azo dye test for primary amine.
Ans. A aromati c ptimary amine is dissolved in dil. HCl and mixed with ice cold
sodium nitrite solution, to this /J -napthol solution in NaOH is added, a red dye
is fonned.
8. Explain carbyla mine test for primary amines.
Ans. When a primary amine is heated with chloroform and alcoholic potash (KOH),
a bad smell of carbylamine is observed.
9. Why bad smell is observed in carbylamine test ?
An s. Due to liberation of carblyamine.
I0. What is alcoholic potash ?
Ans. A solution of KOH dissolved in alcohol.
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