Category ESP32 Arduino Mega Arduino Uno PIC16F8X Raspberry STM32F205xx
2560 Rev3 Pi Zero 2 W
Microcontroller Xtensa® dual- ATmega2560 ATmega328 8-bit RISC Broadcom Arm Cortex-M3
core LX6, up (16 MHz, 16 (16 MHz). CPU, DC - 10 BCM2710A CPU (120 MHz,
to 240 MHz. MIPS). MHz clock 1 (Quad-core 150 DMIPS).
input. Arm Cortex-
A53 @ 1
GHz).
Memory - 448 KB - 256 KB Flash - 32 KB Flash - 512-1 KB 512 MB - 1 MB Flash
ROM (8 KB (0.5 KB Flash. LPDDR2. - 128 KB SRAM
- 520 KB bootloader), 8 bootloader), 2 - 36-68 Bytes - 4 KB backup
SRAM KB SRAM. KB SRAM. RAM. SRAM.
- 16 KB RTC - 4 KB - 1 KB - 64 Bytes
SRAM EEPROM. EEPROM. EEPROM.
- External
Flash: up to 16
MB.
Power - Active: 30- - Input Voltage: - Input Voltage: - <2 mA @ 5 - Input - Sleep: ~2 µA.
Consumption 68 mA 7-12 V (VIN) 7-12 V V, 4 MHz. Voltage: 5 V
- Light-sleep: - USB Input (recommended) - 15 µA @ 2 DC (2.5 A).
0.8 mA Voltage: 4.8-5.5 - USB Input V, 32 kHz.
- Deep-sleep: V. Voltage: 6-20 - <1 µA
10-150 µA V. standby @ 2
- Hibernation: V.
5 µA.
Operating 2.3 V - 3.6 V 5 V operating 5 V operating 2.0 V - 6.0 V 5 V DC 1.8 V - 3.6 V
Voltage (recommended voltage. voltage.
3.3 V).
Wireless - Wi-Fi: Optional via Optional via None - Wi-Fi: Not available
Interfaces 802.11 b/g/n, shields. shields. 802.11 b/g/n
2.4 GHz. - Bluetooth
- Bluetooth 4.2 BLE
v4.2 BR/EDR
and BLE.
ADC (Analog-to- - Two ADCs: - 16 inputs (10- - 6 inputs (10- None None - 3 x 12-bit ADCs
Digital ADC1 (8
Converters) channels), bit resolution). bit resolution). (24 channels).
ADC2 (10
channels).
- Resolution:
12-bit SAR.
- Max
Sampling
Rate: 2 MSPS.
- ADC2 shared
with Wi-Fi.
DAC (Digital-to- 2 x 8-bit Not available. Not available. Not available. Not 2 x 12-bit DACs.
Analog DACs. available.
Converters)
Digital I/O - GPIO: 34 - 54 digital I/O - 14 digital I/O - 13 I/O pins. - 40 GPIO Up to 140 I/O pins.
- UART: 3 pins (15 PWM pins (6 PWM pins (HAT-
- I²C: 2 outputs). outputs). compatible
- SPI: 3 - UART: 4 - UART, SPI, footprint).
- PWM: 16 - SPI, I²C I²C interfaces.
channels interfaces. - Built-in LED
- 10 touch on pin 13.
sensors.
Timers - 4 x 64-bit - Real-time - 8-bit and 16- - 8-bit Not - Up to 17 timers
general- counter with bit timers. Timer/Counter specified. (16-bit and 32-bit).
purpose separate with
timers. oscillator. programmable
- 1 RTC timer. - Multiple 8-bit prescaler.
- Watchdog and 16-bit
timers for timers.
MWDT and
RWDT.
Security Secure Boot, No integrated No integrated Code Not MPU, 96-bit unique
Features Flash security security protection. specified. ID.
Encryption, features. features.
Cryptographic
Accelerators
(AES, RSA,
SHA, ECC),
RNG.
Power Modes Active, Idle, ADC Idle, ADC SLEEP mode Not Sleep, Stop,
Modem-sleep, Noise Noise specified. Standby.
Light-sleep, Reduction, Reduction,
Deep-sleep, Power-save, Power-save,
Hibernation. Power-down, Power-down.
Standby,
Extended
Standby.
Special Features Antenna USB-to-serial USB-to-serial Watchdog Integrated Ethernet MAC,
switch, RF processor converter Timer, ICSP antenna, USB OTG HS/FS.
balun, power (ATmega16U2). (ATmega8U2). header. Camera
amplifier, interface
filters, RTC (CSI-2),
crystal Mini HDMI.
oscillator.
Application IoT, Smart Robotics, 3D Entry-level Low-power Affordable Embedded control,
Areas Home, Printing, Maker projects, sensors, single-board IoT, advanced
Wearables, Projects, education, timers, computers, automation.
Automation, Education. hobbyist security multimedia,
Audio, systems. devices. automation.
Agriculture.
Form Factor QFN (5x5 mm Arduino Mega Arduino Uno 18-pin DIP, 65 x 30 mm LQFP64 to
or 6x6 mm). standard standard (68.6 SOIC. board. LQFP176.
(101.52 x 53.3 x 53.4 mm).
mm).
The ESP32 is the best choice for my IoT-based door lock project because it has built-in Wi-Fi
and Bluetooth, which are essential for remote access and control. It also offers dual-core
processing at 240 MHz, which is powerful enough to handle tasks like fingerprint recognition
and IoT password access, unlike the slower Arduino boards or the PIC16F8X. The ESP32 is
power-efficient, with sleep modes that make it ideal for battery-powered systems. It's also cost-
effective, priced around 1,200 PKR, making it cheaper than alternatives like the Raspberry Pi
Zero 2 W. Plus, it has plenty of GPIOs, ADC, and DAC support, which makes it perfect for
connecting sensors and actuators. Overall, its combination of power, wireless capabilities, and
affordability makes it the best fit for my project.
