Introduction to Philippine  Romantic

Contemporary Arts from the Art is life. It is creating life on  Continental

a material and making inanimate  Baroque
Regions and its Various
objects to have life. To create art is  Modern
Forms and Practices
to give life.
ARTS THROUGH THE AGES
WHAT IS ART?
It is a form of creative activity
such as paintings, music, GREEK PERIOD
is the expression or
literature, and dance.  Techniques
application of human creative skill
and imagination , producing works
ARTS IN HISTORY ROMAN PERIOD
to be appreciated primarily for their
 Skills
beauty or emotional power
 Prehistoric
 Medieval CHRISTIAN PERIOD
Art is creation. Creating
 Neoclassic  Craftsmanship
something new, something
 Civilizations
original, and something different.
 Renaissance
 RENAISSANCE PERIOD is the newest form of art, this art functions in global
 Genius and Design amusing people from the late society that is culturally diverse
MODERN PERIOD 1960s or early around 1970s up to and technologyoriented.
 Fine Arts this very minute.
it has become a collaborative
ROMANTIC PERIOD art made and produced by process and the audience plays an
 Self Expression artist living today active role in reacting and
constructing meaning about the
CONTEMPORARY ERA statement that an artist work of art.
 New Art Forms makes about life, thoughts, ideas,
beliefs, and many other things that Why study Contemporary Arts?
CONTEMPORARY ARTS define human life. Simultaneously
reflects the realities and values of Contemporary art is essential
is the art that springs out of our society, its variety portrays the to you not only because it belongs
the present-day events and mosaic of our cultural diversity is to your time but it also serves as a
passions of the society. culture form of expression of the people’s
present feelings and longings.
 Contemporary works of art  Secular Form of Arts TRADITIONAL
are the means through which the
artists of today communicate their JAPANESE ERA  Art representations
sentiments.  Orientalizing  Culture-bounded
 Mostly focuses on realistic
TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS MODERN ERA figures
 National Identity  Limited to structures and
ETHNIC ART standards set
 Integral to life CONTEMPORARY ERA
 Social Realism vs.
ISLAMIC ART
 Geometric Designs CONTEMPORARY

SPANISH ERA  Revolve around the artist and

 Faith Catechism his/her feelings
 Focus on the message to
AMERICAN ERA his/her audience
 Diverse array of materials , Contemporary Arts of the four main art forms, namely,
media, style not bounded by visual, literary, applied and
any rule or standard performing arts.
refer3s to art of any form and
genre that produced in our
AN OVERVIEW OF THE Contemporary
contemporary time, simply put as
CONTEMPORARY ARTS IN THE “art created today.”
DIFFERENT REGIONS OF THE The term contemporary has
PHILIPPINES been defined as something
Art from the late 20th
“happening, existing, living, or
Century to the present.
 Y’ami Island in Batanes coming into being during the same
 Caraga, Davao Oriental Contemporary Art is period of time” (MerriamWebster).
 Balabac, Palawan influenced by the economic, social,
 Sitangkai in Tawi-Taw Contemporary Arts’ audience
political and environmental context
where the artist is immersed in.
These artworks and styles
are created, witnessed and
Contemporary Philippine Art
experienced in our lifetime by
is not confined to the usual genres
artists and style experts catering to Technology Distinct features of
Millennial and Gen Z viewers, and Contemporary Art
techy clientele.  its application highlights the
creativity of the artist 1. Communal nature, as it reflects
Elements of Contemporary Art the relationships build around
Performance the bonds of community and
Appropriation society.
 carried out for viewers to
 this relates to the modifications experience. 2. Intuitive, as Filipinos are
made by the artist. immersed in their
Space consciousness of themselves,
Hybridity  intricate use of space. their community and their
culture.
 this refers in the use of different
art mediums that are put 3. Holistic, as individuals, groups
together. of people and events are
perceived in their entirety as
 well as the unitive use of art as well as both artist and
materials and forms. viewer.
Observing Art: Understanding the Contemporary Art Forms
4. Creative process, as the artist Form, Media and Style from the Regions
puts more emphasis on how
their artwork was made than on Integrative Art comes in different PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY
the artwork itself. sizes and shapes, forms and ARTS
styles. This art can be observed in
5. Integrative, as it encompasses Junk Art. Philippine contemporary arts
religious, moral, spiritual, can be described into visual arts,
social, and environmental Junk Art is a sculptural rendition literary arts, performing arts,
concerns. using discarded or used materials applied arts.
usually scrap plastic, cartons,
6. Multi-focal, as it considers paper, metal or glass. Seven Major Art Forms of
everything and everyone, the Philippine Contemporary Art
wide perspective of the artwork

1. Painting
2. Sculpture  Literature
3. Architecture
4. Film APPLIED ART VISUAL ARTS
5. Literature
6. Music and Theater  Architecture Visual art is an expression of
7. Dance  Fashion artistic ideas through images,
 Pottery structures, and tactile work. Some
Various Art Forms in the  Jewelry Design visual artworks are integrated
Philippines  Interior Design which means it combines several
mediums to create new and unique
VISUAL ART PERFORMING ART AND artwork.
OTHERS
 Drawing Visual art can be defined as
 Painting  Dancing a form of art that uses any medium
 Sculpture  Music to represent the artist's idea,
 Calligraphy  Theater Arts emotion and imagination.
 Photography  Film Productions
 qualities, in a two-dimensional Ex: Making of Philippine Flag by
visual language. The elements of Fernando Amorsolo
Visual Arts/Drawing this language – its shape, lines,
colors, tones, and textures – are Ex: Tiange (Market Scene) by
Drawing is a representation used in various ways to produce Vicente Manansala
of any form or object by hand sensations of volume, space,
through the medium of pencil, pen, movement, and light on a flat Spanish Era
charcoal, etc surface.
Ex: Langit, Lupa, at Impyerno
Ex: The Petroglyphs of Angono, Painting is the process or art
in the Province of Rizal of using paint, in a picture, as a ● This wall painting by Josef
protective coating, or as Luciano Dans will be found in St.
Visual Art/Painting decoration. James the Apostle Church in
Paete, Laguna.
Painting is the expression of Ex: Spoliarium by Juan Luna
ideas and emotions, with the ● This painting was dated 1850
creation of certain aesthetic and depicts the heaven, crucifixion
of Christ; earth, Adan and Eve;
and hell, sinners with different Bulul (Cordillera) a granary God Ex: Oblation by Guillermo
transgressions. that plays an important role in Tolentino
Visual Art/Sculpture rituals
 Ex: Sandugo by Napoleon
The Sculpture is an art form
Ex: Manunggul Jar Abueva
in which hard or plastic materials
are worked into three-dimensional
Ex: Hagabi (Ifugao) a wooden Visual Arts/Calligraphy
art objects.
bench
It is the art of writing letters in
Sculptures can be defined as
a manner that it looks visually
a three-dimensional art form that Ex: Okir (Tausug/Samal/ Badjao)
appealing.
uses materials like clay, stone or Mythical sarimanok, the naga or

wood for its execution. serpent.

Ex: Alibata or also known
Baybayin
Ex: Bul-ul or also known as Ex: Mater Dolorosa by Mariano

Tinagtaggu Madriñan
Ex: Wedding Invites by Mica Ex: Cebu Fish Sanctuary by Ex: Saint Andrew the Apostle
Samar John K. Chua Church By Leandro Locsin

Visual Arts/Photography Visual Art/Architecture Ex: St. Paul Metropolitan

Cathedral

Photography is the art of Architecture is the art and

producing an image of an object practice of designing and ● Located in Burgos, Vigan City,
on a photographic film. constructing buildings. In relation Ilocos Sur.
to that, Philippine architecture was ● The original structure was built in

Ex: The Execution by Firing characterized as simple, rational, 1574 and replaced as a church in

Squad of Dr. Jose Rizal by and functional. 1641.

Manuel Arias Rodriguez ● The cathedral follows a Baroque

Ex: Cultural Center of the architectural design.

Ex: Palma Hall at UP Diliman Philippines By Leandro Locsin

Ex: Pearl Farm Beach Resort By
Francisco Manosa
 Visual Art/Film Ex: Visayas - Muro-Ami by Literature is a term used to
Marilou Diaz-Abaya describe written and sometimes
Film is a form of visual art spoken material. Derived from the
use to imitate experiences that Ex: Mindanao - Mindanao by Latin word literature meaning
communicate ideas, stories, or Brillante Mendoza “writing formed with letters”,
feelings with the use of moving literature most commonly refers to
images. It is also called a movie or LITERARY ARTS works of the creative imagination,
motion picture. The film industry in including poetry, drama, fiction,
the Philippines started in 1897. In Literary Arts are an nonfiction, and in some instances,
the contemporary period, martyr expression of ideas through journalism, and song.
wife, superhero, action, writing. Literary arts can be
melodramas, and comedies are categorized as poetry, prose, and Examples:
some of the usual subjects and drama.
themes in the Philippine Films. Luzon
Literary Art/Literature
Ex: Luzon - Himala by Ishmael • A Blade of Fern by Edith
Bernal Ocampo
 • Indarapatra at Sulayman by
• I Saw the Fall of the Philippines Bartolome Del Valle
by Carlos P. Romulo APPLIED ART Applied Art/ Fashion Design

Visayas Applied art is a form of art

Ex: Pre-Colonial Phillippine
that can be defined as art that has
•Panhayhayhin Bungtohanon by practical application as well as
Francisco Alvarado functionality. Weaving - Textile Weaving a. Pis

Applied Art/ Fashion Siyabit (Tausug of Sulu) a

• An Higugma by Iluminado headpiece woven b. Malong

Lucente (Maranao of Lanao del Sur)  Mat

Fashion design is the art of
and basket Weaving a. Tepo Mat
designing apparel that are
Mindanao (Sama of Tawi-Tawi) a double
aesthetically pleasing as well as
layered made of Pandan leaves
functional. Fashion design involves
• Dead Stars by H.O. Santos working with different types of
fabrics and patterns which are then Examples:
designed into garments.
Pis Sayabit (Tausug Sulu)
Ex: Manunggul Jar (Palawan) Ex: Plant Potteries in the
Malong (Maranao) Present Time

 It is found in Manunggul Cave,

Tepo Mat (Sama of Tawi Tawi) Lipuun Point, Palawan in the Applied Art/ Jewelry Design
early 1960s. ]
 Manunggul jar is a burial jar Jewelry design is also a
Colonial Philippine Fashion
which signifies the belief of different form of art and it involves
early Filipino in life after death. the design of intricate pieces of
Applied Art/ Pottery
 Literally means pots. jewelry from metals, wood or
 The banga or pot dance is a plastic.
One of the oldest and most performance of Kalinga of the
widespread of the decorative arts Mountain Province of the
Ornamentation – representations
where objects made are commonly Philippines. This dance shows
of various ethnolinguistic groups.
useful ones, such as vessels for the elegant grace of Igorot tribe
a. Wearing gold jewelry (Upper
holding liquids or plates or bowls and the skill and strength of
Class Tagalog) b. Tattooing
from which food can be served. women.
(Visayan) it is believed to protect According to Ramon P. Santos in
the individual from evil spirits.It is Ex: Inside the PICC or Philippine his articles Contemporary Music,
also a sign of bravery and maturity. International Convention Center Contemporary Music in the
Philippines usually refers to

Ex: Paineta (Spanish compositions that have adopted

PERFORMING ARTS
Colonization) ideas and elements from twentieth
century art music in the West, as
A person doing certain
well as the latest trends and
Applied Art/ Interior Design actions and movements in front of
musical styles in the entertainment
an audience that go along with
industry.
sound in a space and time is called
It is the art of planning the
Performing Arts.
design, layout and style of an Theatre is a collaborative
architectural space, be it home or form of fine art that uses live
Performing Arts/Music and
office. performers to present the
Theater
experience of a real or imagined
Ex: Inside the San Agustin event before a live audience in a
Music is a collection of
Church specific place. The performers can
coordinated sound or sounds.
communicate this experience to  Kundiman - became a vehicle awarded as the most
the audience through combinations for conflict – the lyrics were that distinguished playwrights as
of gesture, speech, song, music, or of unrequited love, except that they wrote zarzuela in Tagalog
dance. the love object was the
Philippines who would’ve  Honorata “ Atang” dela Rama
 Musical form based on Catholic cleverly concealed as beautiful awarded as the most
faith have emerge in the woman. celebrated leading actress.
Pasyon – the biblical of
Christ’s passion chanted in an  Zarzuela was introduced. It  The first senakulo was written
improvise melody. was an opera which features in 1704 by Gaspar Aquino de
singing and dancing with Belen.
 Secular music was forme; the prosed dialogue which allowed
awit and the corridor – these the story to be carried out in a  Komedya were also
were two musical forms based song. introduced; komedya de santo
on European literature and (it centers on life of Christ) and
history.  Severino Reyes and Secular Komedya;
Hermogenes Ilagan were
 Folk Dances such as Cariñosa, Elements and Principles of outlines, also to suggest mass and
pandango, polka, dansa and Art volume. It may be a continuous
rigodon, habanera. And tango mark made on a surface with a
were introduced pointed tool or implied by the
Elements of Art
edges of shapes and forms. Line
Performing Art/Dance may come in two characteristics:
 Space
form curved, dotted, or broken
 Line
Dance, the movement of the lines; and direction vertical,
 Shape
body in a rhythmic way, usually to horizontal, or diagonal lines.
 Form
music and within a given space, for
 Color
the purpose of expressing an idea
 Value
or emotion, releasing energy, or
 Texture
simply taking delight in the
movement itself.
LINE

An element of art that is used

to define shape, contours, and
 Different characteristics of line c) Diagonal Line Lines can be classified into
lines may convey different different types:
meanings: creates an impression of
action. a) Outlines
a) Horizontal Line
d) Curved Line are made by the edge of an
creates an impression of object or its silhouette.
serenity and perfect stability. creates an impression of
gradual change of direction. b) Contour Lines
b) Vertical Line
e) Circular Line describe the shape of an
creates an impression of object and the interior detail
strength and perfect stability. creates an impression of
abrupt change of direction. c) Expressive Lines

catch the movement and

gestures of an active figure.
d) Sketch Lines SHAPE B. Organic Shapes

capture the appearance of Shape is an area that is are shapes found in nature
an object or impression of a place enclosed by a line or lines. Shapes and are free flowing, informal and
are two dimensional figures with irregular (abstract shapes).
e) Calligraphic Lines height and width.
C. Positive Shapes
are the elegant handwriting Different kinds of shapes
or lettering done by hand. are the solid forms in a
A. Geometric Shapes design.
f) Implied Lines
are circles, squares, D. Negative Shapes
are lines that are not actually rectangles, triangles, and other
drawn but created by a group of geometric shapes. are the space around the
objects seen from a distance. positive shape.
E. Static Shapes CLASSIFICATIONS secondary colors are mix. The
tertiary colors are amber,
are shapes that appears A. Primary colors vermilion, magenta, violet, teal,
stable and resting. and chartreuse.
are red, blue, and yellow.
E. Dynamic Shapes D. Analogous Colors
B. Secondary colors
are shapes that appears are colors that lie nest to
moving and active. are the resulting colors when each other based on the color
the two of the primary colors are wheel. Example of analogous
COLOR mix. The secondary colors are colors are yellow, orange, and red.
purple, green, and orange.
Colors are the way we see E. Complementary colors
light reflected from a surface or C. Tertiary colors
refracted through a prism. Colors are colors that are opposite
we see in nature are reflections of are the resulting colors when to each other based on the color
light on the surfaces around us. two of the primary and/or wheel. Examples of
complementary colors are red and H. Cool colors
green, blue and orange, and Positive space
purple and yellow. are colors that give the
feeling of coolness. The cool refers to a part which is
F. Monochromatic Colors colors are purple, violet, blue, teal, enclosed in a shape. Meanwhile,
green, and chartreuse. negative space refers to the
are several values of one opposite part which the shape is
color. SPACE enclosing.

G. Warm colors Space refers to distances or In one-point perspective, we

areas around, between or within perceive that the position of
are colors that give the components of a piece and refers objects meets at one point on the
feeling of warmth. The warm colors to the arrangement of objects on horizontal line.
are yellow, amber, orange, the picture plane (two-
vermilion, red, and magenta. dimensional). In two-point perspective, we
perceive that the position of
objects meets at two points on the and these described as tint and
horizontal line. shade.
b) Implied texture
TEXTURE a) Tint
made a piece of art to look
Texture is the element that like a certain texture. Like a pertains to the lightness of a
appeals to our sense of feel on drawing of a tree trunk may look color.
things rough or smooth, bumpy or rough but in fact it is just a smooth
slippery. It is the character of the piece of paper. b) Shade
surface of an artwork.
Value pertains to the darkness of a
a) Real texture color.
pertains to the lightness or
is the actual texture of an darkness of a color in a given FORM
object. Artist may create real artwork. Value can be changed by
texture in art to give it visual adding white or black to a color Form is the three-
interest or evoke a feeling. dimensionality of an object.
 This refers to the repetition of principle of balance can be
It has dimensions of height, certain elements to produce a symmetrical or asymmetrical.
width, and length. pattern.
a) Symmetrical balance refers to
Principles of Art Movement an artwork wherein its both sides
has the same elements in the
 Rhythm Movement is the illusion of same position.
 Movement motion in a painting, sculpture, or
 Balance design b) Asymmetrical balance refers
 Proportion to an artwork wherein it is balance
 Contrast Balance through the contrast or differences
 Variety of any of the elements of art.
 Emphasi Balance refers to the visual
 Harmony weight in a picture. It refers to the Proportion
even distribution of positions of
Rhythm elements in an artwork. The
 Proportion refers to the elements used in an artwork to together cohesively. It is the sense
relationships of the size of objects make it more interesting. of order and balance that makes
in a body of work. an artwork pleasing to the eye and
communicates a unified message.

Contrast Emphasis Key Characteristics of Harmony

in Art:
This principle shows Emphasis refers to the
differences between elements of greater impact or highlight given to Consistency: Using colors,
art in an artwork. It shows how a certain element in an artwork textures, shapes, or lines that align
stronger each element of art in and support the overall theme or
relation to one another Harmony mood.

Variety Harmony in the principles of Repetition: Repeating certain

art refers to the visual or elements like colors, patterns, or
This principle of art refers to conceptual unity achieved when all shapes to create a sense of unity.
the diversity or the different elements in an artwork work
Balance: Ensuring that no single
element overpowers the others, 1. Appreciation of Filipino Culture 4. Enhancing Creativity and Artistic
maintaining equilibrium. and Heritage Filipino artworks Skills Understanding what makes
reflect the rich history, traditions, an artwork effective inspires young
Complementarity: Different and identity of the Philippines. artists to improve their own
elements work together without creations
clashing, even when they contrast. 2. Promoting Critical Thinking By
evaluating artworks based on Understanding the Elements of
Evaluating Philippine elements (line, color, texture) and Art in Evaluation
Artworks Based on the principles (balance, contrast,
Elements and Principles of unity), we develop analytical skills Line: How Lines Guide the

Art Viewer’s Eye

3. Fostering Respect for Artistic

Developing skills in critiquing Diversity Filipino artists come from  Definition: Lines are marks that

Filipino artworks based on various regions and backgrounds, span a distance between two

objective criteria is important for each contributing unique styles points. They can vary in width,

several reasons: and techniques. direction, and style.

 They can be geometric  Definition: Color is produced by
 Role in Art: Lines guide the (precise, like circles and light reflecting off objects and is
viewer’s eye across the squares) or organic (irregular, perceived in terms of hue,
artwork, creating movement, like shapes found in nature). saturation, and brightness.
focus, and structure.
 Role in Art: Shapes are used to  Role in Art: Colors evoke
 Lines can also create patterns, build the composition, define mood, convey emotion, and
suggest energy (jagged or spaces, or symbolize concepts establish harmony or contrast.
curved lines), or establish
calmness (horizontal lines).  Geometric shapes often  Different color schemes (e.g.,
suggest order and stability, monochromatic,
Shape: The Use of Geometric or while organic shapes evoke complementary, analogous)
Organic Shapes fluidity and natural movement. impact the mood:

 Definition: Shapes are flat, Color: Mood and Emotion  Warm colors (red, orange)
enclosed areas created by lines Through Color Schemes create energy and warmth.
or contrasts in color or texture.
 Cool colors (blue, green)  Smooth textures create a  Role in Art: Space organizes
suggest calmness and serenity. sense of calm, while rough the elements and creates
textures suggest chaos or depth, perspective, and focus.
Texture: Real or Implied Texture energy.
Adding Depth  Effective use of negative space
Space: Foreground, can balance the composition
 Definition: Texture refers to the Background, and Use of and prevent overcrowding.
surface quality of an object, Negative Space
which can be real (physically Form and Value: Creating 3D
felt) or implied (suggested  Definition: Space is the area Illusions and Contrast
visually). within, around, or between
objects in a composition. It  Definition:
 Role in Art: Texture adds depth includes positive space
and engages the viewer’s (occupied by objects) and  Form refers to three-
senses. negative space (empty areas). dimensional shapes that have
volume and depth (e.g., cubes,
spheres).
 Value refers to the lightness or  Interconnection: Each element  Definition: Balance refers to the
darkness of a color, creating works together to create a distribution of visual weight
contrast and depth. unified composition. For within an artwork, which can be
 instance, lines guide the eye to symmetrical (equal on both
 Role in Art: Together, form and areas of emphasis, shapes sides) or asymmetrical
value give artworks a sense of define forms, and colors set the (unequal but still balanced).
realism and dimension. mood. Texture and value add
depth, while space organizes  Role in Art: Balance ensures
 In paintings, chiaroscuro (the all these elements that the artwork feels stable
contrast of light and dark) is harmoniously. and visually appealing.
often used to create dramatic  Purpose: Without these
effects, as seen in Luna’s elements, an artwork would  Effect:
Spoliarium. lack structure and coherence.
 Symmetrical balance creates a
How These Elements Build the Balance: Symmetry or formal, calming atmosphere.
Foundation of the Artwork Asymmetry in Composition
 Asymmetry adds dynamism  Role in Art: It establishes a
and energy, often evoking  Effect: clear focal point, making the
curiosity. artist’s intent or message
 High contrast adds tension and unmistakable.
drama.
Contrast: Light vs. Dark, Soft vs.  Subtle contrast creates  Effect:
Hard Edges harmony and smooth
transitions.  Emphasis ensures clarity and
 Definition: Contrast highlights avoids confusion by guiding the
differences between elements, Emphasis: The Focal Point of viewer’s eye to the most
such as light and dark, warm the Artwork important parts.
and cool colors, or soft and
hard textures.  Definition: Emphasis highlights Rhythm and Movement: How the
the most important part of the Eye Flows Through the Artwork
 Role in Art: It draws attention to composition, directing the
specific areas and creates viewer’s attention.  Definition: Rhythm refers to the
visual interest. repetition of elements to create
 a sense of motion, while Organized repetition of
movement guides the viewer’s elements creates a predictable and
eye through the composition. visually pleasing flow.
Rhythm and Movement
 Role in Art: Rhythm and Techniques
movement create a dynamic Balance
flow, making the artwork Repetition
engaging and lively. Symmetry or asymmetry in
Repeating elements like the placement of elements creates
 Effect: lines, shapes, or colors creates a a sense of visual equilibrium.
visual rhythm and guides the
 Fast, chaotic rhythm conveys viewer's eye. Pattern and Unity: Repetition
energy and urgency. and Coherence of Elements
 Smooth, steady rhythm creates Pattern
calm and stability.  Definition:
 Pattern is the repetition of  Unity avoids clutter, ensuring
shapes, colors, or textures in a that every part contributes to Wooden sculptures often
composition. the overall message. showcase different textures
 Unity ensures that all elements created by the artist's carving
work together cohesively to techniques.
create a harmonious whole.

 Role in Art: Patterns add visual Texture and Pattern Exploration Painting
interest, while unity ensures the
artwork feels complete and Weaving Painters use different
intentional. brushstrokes and techniques to
Filipino textiles, like "Inabel" create texture and depth in their
 Effect: and "T'nalak," demonstrate the use artworks.
of texture through weaving
 Repetition through pattern techniques. Andres Barrioquinto The Back
brings order and predictability. of Love P 12.9 million
Carving
 b) Filipino artistic accomplishment and conferred by the President
at its highest level and to promote of the Philippines upon
creative expression as significant recommendation by both
to the development of a national institutions.
cultural identity; and
 The Order of National Artist
c) Filipino artists who have (Orden ng Pambansang Alagad
Order of National Artists dedicated their lives to their works ng Sining) was established
to forge new paths and directions under Proclamation No. 1001
The Order of National Artist for future generations of Filipino dated April 27, 1972 to give
aims to recognize: artists. appropriate recognition and
prestige to Filipinos who have
a) Filipino artists who have made  The order is jointly distinguished themselves and
significant contributions to the administered by the National made outstanding contributions
cultural heritage of the country; Commission for Culture and the to Philippine arts and letters.
Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural The first award was conferred
Center of the Philippines (CCP)
 posthumously later that year to The following privileges are received by the highest officers
Fernando Amorsolo. provided to those conferred with of the land such as:
the Order of National Artist:
 Proclamation No. 1144 dated a. Living Awardees:
May 15, 1973 named the CCP i. The rank and title of National
Board of Trustees as the Artist, as proclaimed by the  A minimum cash award of Two
National Artist Awards President of the Philippines; Hundred Thousand
Committee and Presidential Pesos(PhP200,000.00), net of
Decree No. 208 issued on June ii. The National Artist gold-plated taxes;
7, 1973 reiterated the mandate medallion minted by the
of CCP to administer the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas  A minimum lifetime personal
National Artist Awards as well (BSP) and citation; monthly stipend of Fifty
as the privileges and honors to Thousand Pesos
National Artists. iii. A lifetime emolument and (PhP50,000.00);
material and physical benefits
comparable in value to those
 Medical and Hospitalization
benefits not exceeding  A State Funeral, the composed of the designated
PhP750,000.00 per year; arrangements for and the representatives from the NCCA
expenses of which shall be and the CCP primarily;
 Coverage by a life insurance borne by the Government,
policy by the Government upon the death of the National For the NCCA:
Service Insurance System Artist;
(GSIS) and or/ private  NCCA Executive Director
insurance companies from date b. Posthumous Awardees  NCCA Commissioner for the
of conferment the award, in the Arts
event that the National Artist is  One-time minimum cash award  NCCA Deputy Executive
insurable, the premiums for of One Hundred Fifty Thousand Director
which shall be paid by the Pesos (PhP150,000.00), net of
National Government or by taxes, payable to the legal For the CCP:
donation from any heir/s.
governmental or private  CCP President
entities; ONA Secretariat
 CCP Vice President and Artistic ii. Artists who through the content enriching artistic expression or
Director and form of their works have style.
 CCP Designated Officer contributed in building a Filipino
sense of nationhood. v. Artists who enjoy broad
The Order of National Artist acceptance through:
shall be given to artists who iii. Artists who have pioneered in a
have met the following criteria: mode of creative expression or vi. Prestigious national and/or
style, thus, earning distinction international recognition, such
i. Living artists who are Filipino and making an impact on as the Gawad CCP para sa
citizens at the time of succeeding generations of Sining, CCP Thirteen Artists
nomination and at the artists. Award, and NCCA Haraya
awarding, as well as those who Awards (Alab and Dangal)
died after the establishment of iv. Artists who have created a
the award in 1972 but were substantial and significant body vii. Critical acclaim and/or reviews
Filipino citizens at the time of of works and/or consistently of their works
their death. displayed excellence in the
practice of their art form thus,
viii.Respect and esteem from Review Philippine Academy The NCCA recommends for
peers. of Artistic Disciplines evaluates transmittal to the Office of the
nominations. President.
A Rigorous Selection Process
3. Executive Board Approval Presentation of Awards
1. Nominations
The Philippine Academy's i. The selection and conferment
Artists, scholars, and cultural EB reviews and approves of the National Artists shall take
institutions submit nominations. nominations. place every three (3) years.

ii. The Order of National Artist

shall be conferred by the
President of the Philippines on
June 11 or any appropriate
2. Committee 4. Commission on Culture and date in fitting ceremonies to be
Arts Recommendation organized by the ONA
Secretariat.
 be given to the awardees’ legal Maceda embarked on a life-
iii. The medallion of the Order of heir/s or a representative long dedication to the
National Artist and citation shall designated by the family understanding and popularization
be given to the awardee during immediately after the ceremony of Filipino traditional music.
the conferment ceremony. The or at another time and place as
Maceda’s researches and
cash award of PhP200,000.00 requested by the family.
fieldwork have resulted in the
in cheque shall be given
collection of an immense number
immediately after the ceremony JOSE MACEDA
of recorded music taken from the
or at another time and place as
remotest mountain villages and
requested by the awardee. National Artist for Music (1997)
farthest island communities.
(January 31, 1917 – May 5, 2004)
iv. A posthumous conferral He wrote papers that
Jose Maceda, composer,
consisting of the medallion and enlightened scholars, both Filipino
musicologist, teacher and
citation shall be given to the and foreign, about the nature of
performer, explored the musicality
family or legal heir/s of the Philippine traditional and ethnic
of the Filipino deeply.
awardee. The cash award of music.
PhP150,000.00 in cheque shall
 Maceda’s experimentation AMADO V. HERNANDEZ Hernandez’s contribution to
also freed Filipino musical the development of Tagalog prose
National Artist for Literature
expression from a strictly is considerable — he stripped
(September 13, 1903 – May 24,
Eurocentric mold. Tagalog of its ornate character and
1970)
wrote in prose closer to the
Usually performed as a communal
Amado V. Hernandez, poet, colloquial than the “official” style
ritual, his compositions like Ugma-
playwright, and novelist, is among permitted.
ugma(1963), Pagsamba (1968),
the Filipino writers who practiced
and Udlot-udlot (1975), are His novel Mga Ibong
“committed art.”
monuments to his unflagging Mandaragit, first written by
commitment to Philippine music. In his view, the function of Hernandez while in prison, is the

the writer is to act as the first Filipino socio-political novel

Other major works
conscience of society and to affirm that exposes the ills of the society
include Agungan, Kubing,
the greatness of the human spirit as evident in the agrarian
Pagsamba, Ugnayan, Ading,
in the face of inequity and problems of the 50s.
Aroding, Siasid, Suling-suling.
oppression.
Hernandez’s other works
include Bayang Malaya, Isang
Dipang Langit, Luha ng Music (1997) Manila Symphony Orchestra,
Buwaya, Amado V. Hernandez: (April 30, 1910 – April 2, 2002) becoming its youngest member.
Tudla at Tudling: Katipunan ng
Levi Celerio is a prolific He made it to the Guinness
mga Nalathalang Tula 1921-
lyricist and composer for decades. Book of World Records as the only
1970, Langaw sa Isang Basong
person able to make music using
Gatas at Iba Pang Kuwento ni He effortlessly
just a leaf.
Amado V. translated/wrote anew the lyrics to
Hernandez, Magkabilang Mukha traditional melodies: “O Maliwanag A great number of his songs
ng Isang Bagol at Iba Pang Akda Na Buwan” (Iloko), “Ako ay May have been written for the local
ni Amado V. Hernandez. Singsing” (Pampango), movies, which earned for him the
“Alibangbang” (Visaya) among Lifetime Achievement Award from
others. the Film Academy of the
LEVI CELERIO Philippines. Levi Celerio, more
Born in Tondo, Celerio
importantly, has enriched the
received his scholarship at the
Philippine music for no less than
National Artist for Literature / Academy of Music in Manila that
two generations with a treasury of
made it possible for him to join the
more than 4,000 songs in an idiom
that has proven to appeal to all decades. In panels such as those townspeople of Angono became
social classes. that grace the City Hall of Manila, the hallmark of his art.
Francisco turned fragments of the
CARLOS “BOTONG” EX: Harana, 1957 (Bangko Sentral
historic past into vivid records of
FRANCISCO ng Pilipinas Collection)
the legendary courage of the
ancestors of his race.
His other major works include the
National Artist for Painting
He was invariably linked with following: Portrait of Purita, The
(1973)
the “modernist” artists, forming Invasion of
(November 4, 1912 – March 31,
with Victorio C. Edades and Galo Limahong, Serenade, Muslim
1969)
Ocampo what was then known in Betrothal, Blood Compact, First

Carlos “Botong” the local art circles as “The Mass at Limasawa, The

Francisco, the poet of Angono, Triumvirate”. Martyrdom of

single-handedly revived the Rizal, Bayanihan, Magpupukot,

Botong’s unerring eye for
forgotten art of mural and Fiesta, Bayanihan sa
composition, the lush tropical
remained its most distinguished Bukid, Sandugo.
sense of color and abiding faith in
practitioner for nearly three
the folk values typified by the
 FERNANDO AMORSOLO developed the backlighting distinct element of the nation’s
technique that became his artistic and cultural heritage”.
trademark were figures, a cluster
National Artist for Visual Arts Among others, his major works
of leaves, a spill of hair, the swell
(May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) include the following: Maiden in a
of breast, are seen aglow on
Stream(1921)-GSIS collection; El
The country had its first canvas.
Ciego (1928)-Central Bank of the
National Artist in Fernando C.
This light, Nick Joaquin Philippines collection; Dalagang
Amorsolo. The official title “Grand
opines, is the rapture of a Bukid (1936) – Club Filipino
Old Man of Philippine Art” was
sensualist utterly in love with the collection; The Mestiza (1943) –
bestowed on Amorsolo when the
earth, with the Philippine sun, and National Museum of the
Manila Hilton inaugurated its art
is an accurate expression of Philippines collection; Planting
center on January 23, 1969, with
Amorsolo’s own exuberance. Rice (1946)-UCPB
an exhibit of a selection of his
collection; Sunday Morning
works. His citation underscores all
Going to Town (1958)-Ayala
his years of creative activity which
Returning from his studies Museum Collection.
have “defined and perpetuated a
abroad in the 1920s, Amorsolo
 HERNANDO R. OCAMPO Second World War and contributed Ocampo’s acknowledged
significantly to the rise of the masterpiece Genesis served as
National Artist for Visual Arts nationalist spirit in the post-war the basis of the curtain design of
(1991) era. the Cultural Center of the
(April 28, 1911 – December 28, Philippines Main Theater.
1978) It was, however, his abstract
works that left an indelible mark on His other major works include Ina
A self-taught Philippine modern art. ng Balon, Calvary, Slum
painter, Hernando R. Dwellers, Nude with Candle and
Ocampo was a leading member of His canvases evoked the
Flower, Man and
the pre-war Thirteen Moderns, the lush Philippine landscape, its flora
Carabao, Angel’s Kiss, Palayok
group that charted the course of and fauna, under the sun and rain
at Kalan, Ancestors,Isda at
modern art in the Philippines. in fierce and bold colors.
Mangga, The Resurrection, Fifty-

He also played a pivotal role three “Q”, Backdrop, Fiesta.

His works provided an
understanding and awareness of in sustaining the Philippine Art
VICENTE MANANSALA
the harsh social realities in the Gallery, the country’s first.

country immediately after the

National Artist for Painting Philippines, he ran away from says have achieved a balance of
(1981) home and later found himself at skill and artistry.
(January 22, 1910 – August 22, the Philippines Herald as an
He trained in Paris and at
1981) illustrator.
Otis School of Drawing in Los
Vicente Manansala‘s It was there that Manansala Angeles. Manansala believes that
paintings are described as visions developed a close association with the beauty of art is in the process,
of reality teetering on the edge of Hernando R. Ocampo, Cesar in the moment of doing a particular
abstraction. Legaspi, and Carlos Botong painting, closely associating it with
Francisco, the latter being the first the act of making love. “The climax
As a young boy, his talent
he admired most. is just when it’s really finished.”
was revealed through the copies
he made of the Sagrada Familia For Manansala, Botong was Manansala’s works include A
and his mother’s portrait that he a master of the human figure. Cluster of Nipa Hut, San
copied from a photograph. Among the masters, Manansala Francisco Del
professes a preference for Monte, Banaklaot, I Believe in
After finishing the fine arts
Cezanne and Picasso whom he God, Market Venders, Madonna
course from the University of the
of the Slums, Still Life with
Green Guitar, Via 1925, he was appointed as Other works include the
Crucis, Whirr, Nude. professor at the UP School of Fine bronze figures of President
Arts where the idea also of Quezon at Quezon Memorial,
executing a monument for national life-size busts of Jose Rizal at UP
heroes struck him. and UE, marble statue of Ramon
GUILLERMO TOLENTINO
Magsaysay in GSIS Building;
The result was the UP
granolithics of heroic statues
Oblation that became the symbol
National Artist for Sculpture representing education, medicine,
of freedom at the campus.
(1973) forestry, veterinary science, fine
(July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976) Acknowledged as his arts and music at UP.

masterpiece and completed in

Guillermo Estrella He also designed the gold
1933, The Bonifacio
Tolentino is a product of the and bronze medals for the Ramon
Monument in Caloocan stands as
Revival period in Philippine art. Magsaysay Award and did the
an enduring symbol of the
Returning from Europe (where he seal of the Republic of the
Filipinos’ cry for freedom.
was enrolled at the Royal Philippines.
Academy of Fine Arts, Rome) in
 NAPOLEON ABUEVA Being adept in either up a one-man show at the
academic representational style or Philippine Center, New York.
modern abstract, he has utilized
National Artist for Sculpture His works have been
almost all kinds of materials from
(1976) installed in different museums here
hardwood (molave, acacia, langka
(January 26, 1930 – February 16, and abroad, such as The
wood, ipil, kamagong, palm wood
2018) Sculpture at the United Nations
and bamboo) to adobe, metal,
headquarters in New York City.
At 46 then, Napoleon V. stainless steel, cement, marble,
Abueva, a native of Bohol, was bronze, iron, alabaster, coral and Some of his major works
the youngest National Artist brass. include Kaganapan (1953), Kiss
awardee. Considered as the of Judas (1955),Thirty Pieces of
Among the early innovations,
Father of Modern Philippine Silver, The
Abueva introduced in 1951 was
Sculpture, Abueva helped shape Transfiguration (1979), Eternal
what he referred to as “buoyant
the local sculpture scene to what it Garden Memorial Park, UP
sculpture” — sculpture meant to be
is now. Gateway (1967), Nine
appreciated from the surface of a
Muses (1994), UP Faculty
placid pool. In the ’80s, Abueva put
Center, Sunburst (1994)-
Peninsula Manila Hotel, the bronze ANSWER 5. Traditional arts often use materials

figure of Teodoro M. Kalaw in 1. Modern art primarily revolved around and techniques passed down
front of National Library, and religious themes. through generations.
murals in marble at the National
Heroes Shrine, Mt. Samat,
2. Islamic art avoids symmetry and 6. Contemporary art focuses solely on
Bataan.
balance in its designs. aesthetics and avoids political or

social commentary.

3. Ethnic art often serves functional

purposes, such as in rituals and daily 7. Traditional arts are only practiced by

life. indigenous communities.

4. Contemporary art has no connection 8. Contemporary artists often use

to traditional art forms. technology and multimedia in their

works.
9. Traditional arts are deeply rooted in

cultural practices and heritage.

10. Contemporary arts often challenge

societal norms and encourage

critical thinking.