© Prashant Kundan, B.Tech.

, IIT Kharagpur Oscillations

Simple Harmonic Motion Damped Harmonic Motion

2 2
d x = -w2x m d x2 + b dx + kx = 0
dt2 dt dt

Kinematics of SHM Mechanics of SHM Energy Phasors Over damped Motion

Angular Speed = w (No oscillation)
w KEmax = PEmax= / mAw2 Magnitude Position Phasor = A b >w b 2

f= t ± b 2 - w2 t
2p KE + PE = / mAw2 Magnitude of Vel. Phasor = Aw 2m x = Ae
-
2m 4m √
2p KE = / mw2(A2-x2) Magnitude of Acc. Phasor = Aw2
T= w 2 Instantaneous value =
PE = ⁄ kx
vmax = Aw Rotational SHM Vertical Component
Critically damped Motion
Angular frequency of KE = 2w w
amax = Aw2 Angular frequency of PE = 2w Aw
Velocity
Position
A (No oscillation)
KE Max at Mean position
a = -w2x PE Max at extreme position wt b =w b
x = Ae - 2m t
v=√A2 - x2 2m
Acceleration
Aw2

Under damped Motion

Translational SHM (Oscillation, not periodic)
Simple Pendulum
b <w b
w= geff x = Ae - 2m t cos(w’t)
√ l
Spring Mass System Tunnel Through Earth
2m
b
- t
go Amplitude: Ae 2m
keq GM =
Compound/Physical w=
√ m
w=
√ R3 √ R 2
w2 - b 2
Pendulum
mgrCOM
Angular Frequency, w’:
√ 4m
w=
√ I
Floating Body Liquid in U-Tube
Torsional Pendulum Miscellaneous w=
rfluid g
w= 2pgA = 2g
k
√ rbody L √ m √L
w=
√I
Two blocks connected Two bodies, 1 rotating F(x) known Dipole in Field
Rolling Body with spring other translating Fm
-F’(xo) w=
w= tIAR k(m1+m2) w=
√
tIAR w=
√ m √I
√ IIARq
IAR : Point of Contact
w=
√ m1m2
IIARq
Convert translating body to point mass x = xo : Equilibrium Point
COM
F : Electric or magnetic Field
m : Electric or magnetic dipole moment