World development
and interdependence
Key words
Development Pattern
LEDCs,
MEDCs,
NICs,
The Brandt Line
Lesson Objectives
The students will able to
∙ know about the Development Patterns,
∙ know about the MEDCs ( More economically developed
countries), LEDCs ( Less Economically Developed countries)
∙ Know about the NICs (Newly Industrialized Countries)
Development Patterns
The world is divided in to two
groups.
1. MEDCs ( More
economically developed
countries)
2. LEDCs ( Less
Economically Developed
countries)
Development Patterns
Apart from that there is a third pattern
◦NICs (Newly Industrialized Countries
The Brandt line
The concept of a gap between the Global North and
the Global South in terms of development and wealth.
Its classifying countries.
In the 1980s, the Brandt Line was developed
as a way of showing how the world was
geographically split into relatively richer
and poorer nations.
MEDCs ( More economically developed
countries)
◦It includes the richer, high standard of living and more industrialized
countries.
◦They are known as developed North.
◦Most of the southern hemisphere is less developed, while countries in
the northern hemisphere are more developed.
LEDCs ( Less Economically Developed
countries)
◦It includes the poorer, less industrialized countries and a lower
standard of living than the MEDCs.
◦They are known as developing South.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bs4ZH21-VoM
NIC (Newly Industrialized Countries)
◦Countries that are still developing but show greater economic
growth compared to other developing countries. .
NICs in world map
Map work
◦ In the following world map show the pattern of development..
Key terms
HDI
GDP
Per capita income
Sustainable Development
Non sustainable development
Learning Objectives
• Students will Learn about measure of development indicators.
• Students will Learn about HDI
• Students will know about GDP
• Students will learn about per capita income
• Students will learn about sustainable and non sustainable development.
Measures of Development by Indicators:
Geographers have suggested several methods by which they can
measure development. Some of them are:
• Population
• Health
• Education
• Diet
• Employment
• Energy
• Standard of living
• Trade etc.
Differences between LEDCs and MEDCs
Indicators MEDCs LEDCs
Education Most adults , including women are literate Low adult literacy rate , women are
disadvantaged
Diet Balanced. Several meals per day. High protein Unbalanced. Low protein intake.
intake.
Health Large number of doctors and hospitals and high Relatively few doctors and hospitals. High
standard of health care infant mortality.
Population Low and steady birthrate due to family planning. High birthrate due to limited family
planning
Employment Few job in primary sector, more in secondary and Most in primary sector, few in secondary
most in tertiary. and tertiary sector.
Trade Large volume and value-mainly manufactured Small volume and value-mainly
goods. unprocessed row materials.
World Development
HDI or Human Development Index is a UN
standardized measure of economic development of a
country based on 3 factors:
• Life expectancy
• Literacy/education and
• Standard of living.
GDP
GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product.
It is the sum of all the goods and services produced
within a country over a given period.
The GDP of a country is an important indicator
of its economic health and can be used to compare
the economic performance of different countries.
With a GDP of more than 20 trillion dollars,
the United States of America is the world's largest
economy.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBqWRayc1kE
What is per capita income?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6uVCqI39eA
Sustainable and Non-sustainable development:
Sustainable development:
It is development that meets the needs of the present, without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs.
Non-sustainable development:
•Non-sustainable development occurs when present progress is at the
expense of future generations. Example: Pollution and contamination
of our land, air, and water, Soil degradation and erosion.
Ways of achieving Sustainable Development:
• By using natural resources without harming the environment,
developing materials that will use fewer resources.
• By developing technology that is appropriate to the local
people and developing local skills .
• By encouraging economic development at a place that a
country can afford and manage.
□
Differences between Sustainable and
non-sustainable development
Sustainable development Non-sustainable development
Family planning High birth rate
Soil conservation Soil erosion
Organic farming Heavy use of fertilizer in farming
Renewable energy Continued use of minerals and fossil fuel
Controlled urban growth Rapid urbanization
Definitions to important terms:
◦Development can be defined as a process of economic and social advancement in terms of quality
of human life.
◦HDI or human development index is a UN standardized measure of economic development of a
country based on 3 factors: life expectancy, literacy/education, and standard of living.
◦GDP- GDP or Gross domestic product is value of goods and services produced by a country in a
year, divided by the total number of people living in that country.
◦Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present, without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."
◦Appropriate technology : technology that is suitable to the social and economic conditions of the
geographic area in which it is to be applied, is environmentally sound, and promotes
self-sufficiency on the part of those using it.
THANK YOU
