GRADE 11: AN INTRODUCTION TO
DEVELOPMENT GEOGRAPHY
PRESENTED BY MR T KOLODI
THE CONCEPT
OF
DEVELOPMENT
Define the term “development” and its various
LEARNING
dimentions
OUTCOMES: TERMINOLOGY
ASSOCIATED
WITH
DEVELOPMENT
Explain concepts related to development
DEVELOPED VS
DEVELOPING, Differentiate between developed and developing
MEDC’S VS countries *Identify and describe MEDC’S (More
LEDC’S AND Economically Developed Countries) and LEDC’S (Less
INDUSTRIAL Economically Developed Countries) *Discuss the
COUNTRIES characteristics of Industrialised countries
What is
Development?
Development refers to the progress and
improvement in the quality of life within a
society. It encompasses economic growth,
social well-being, and environmental
sustainability. Development aims to create
better living conditions for all people.
Key Development
Indicators
•GDP per capita indicates a nation's
economic output relative to population.
•Life expectancy reflects healthcare quality,
nutrition, and overall living conditions.
•Literacy rates show education levels and
access to learning resources for citizens.
Developed vs.
Developing Nations
Developed countries generally have high
levels of income, industrialization, and
infrastructure. Developing countries typically
have lower levels of income, limited
industrialization, and inadequate
infrastructure. Understanding these
differences is crucial for studying global
development patterns.
Traits of Developed
Nations
•High per capita income signifies strong
economic activity and wealth distribution.
•Advanced infrastructure supports efficient
transportation, communication, and public
services access.
•Quality healthcare and education improve
life expectancy and skilled workforce
availability.
Characteristics of
Developing Nations
•Low average incomes impacting living
standards and economic opportunities
significantly.
•Limited infrastructure hinders
development and affects access to
essential services.
•Healthcare and education challenges
reduce quality of life and opportunity.
MEDCs vs. LEDCs
MEDCs generally have advanced
economies, high GDP, and robust
infrastructure. Conversely, LEDCs often face
challenges in these areas with lower GDP
and developing infrastructure.
Understanding these differences is crucial
for studying global development patterns.
MEDC Examples
•North America: United States and
Canada have advanced economies.
•Europe: Germany and UK have high
levels of development.
•Australia: High GDP and quality of life
indicators.
LEDC Examples
•S ub-S aharan Africa: Many nations face
poverty, conflict, and disease challenges.
•S outheast Asia: S ome countries deal with
infrastructure and environmental
degradation.
•S outh America: Inequality and access to
resources remain critical issues.
The R ise of Industry
Industrialization is the process of
transforming from an agrarian society to one
based on manufacturing and industry. This
shift often leads to significant economic
growth and societal changes. It plays a
crucial role in the development of nations,
driving innovation and urbanization.
Industrial Growth:
Impacts
•Job creation boosts economies, providing
income and improving living standards.
•Pollution from factories damages the
environment and human health
significantly.
•Resource depletion strains the planet and
threatens future generations' well-being.
Understanding
Development: Key
Terms
Development refers to the progress of a
country or region. It includes economic
growth, social advancement, and
environmental sustainability. Measuring
development involves various indicators like
GDP and quality of life.
Key Development Terms
•GDP: Total value of goods/services produced in a country annually.
•HDI: Measures life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators.
•Literacy Rate: Percentage of people who can read and write in country.
•Life Expectancy: Average number of years a person is expected to live.
•GNI: GDP plus net income from abroad; reflects country's wealth.
