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ECE240 Midterm

The document outlines the mid-term examination for Principles of Communication Systems at IIIT Delhi, covering various problems related to modulation, signal processing, and receiver design. It includes specific problems on amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and Nyquist sampling rates, along with necessary trigonometric identities. The exam is structured into two parts, with a total duration of 90 minutes and a total of 20 marks.

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26 views2 pages

ECE240 Midterm

The document outlines the mid-term examination for Principles of Communication Systems at IIIT Delhi, covering various problems related to modulation, signal processing, and receiver design. It includes specific problems on amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and Nyquist sampling rates, along with necessary trigonometric identities. The exam is structured into two parts, with a total duration of 90 minutes and a total of 20 marks.

Uploaded by

aditya271005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IIIT Delhi ECE

Principles of Communication Systems

Mid-Term Examination

Instructor: Ranjitha Prasad Duration: 90 minutes Total: 20 marks

Please provide your answers clearly, with all the steps outlined. Some of the trigonometric identities
required are as follows:
Sin(2θ) = 2sin(θ)cos(θ)
cos(2θ) = cos2 (θ) − sin2 (θ)
cos(θ1 − θ2 ) = cos(θ1 )cos(θ2 ) + sin(θ1 )sin(θ2 )
cos(θ1 + θ2 ) = cos(θ1 )cos(θ2 ) − sin(θ1 )sin(θ2 )

1. Part A
Problem 1 Consider a modulating signal m(t) has zero mean and maximum value of A =
m
max[m(t)]. The carrier waveform is given by c(t) = cos2πfc t. The non-linear device has input output
relationship given by y(t) = ax(t) + bx2 (t) where x(t) = m(t) + c(t). Can the system specified above
generate a conventional amplitude modulated signal? If yes, what is the modulation index? Specify the
nature of the filter that needs to be used after the square law device to obtain the conventional AM
signal at the output. (4 marks)
Problem 2 An analog baseband message signal m(t) that entirely lies within [−W, W ]Hz is up-
converted to a passband signal, vp (t) where

vp (t) = m(t)sin(2πfc t + Φc ),

with fc > 10W . The channel delays the signal such that the received signal is given by

r(t) = vp (t − d).

At the receiver, the mixer output is given by

y(t) = r(t)sin(2πfc t + Φr ).

1. Rewrite y(t) in terms of fc , Φc − Φr and d ...(2)


2. Let v(t) be obtained by low-pass filtering y(t). Write the expression for v(t) and mention the cut-off
frequency for such a low pass filter if v(t) needs to be in baseband...(0.5)
3. Let d = nTc + Tc /4, where n is an integer. What is the minimum and maximum value of v(t) if
Φc = Φr and Tc = 1/fc ...(1.5)
.. (4)
Problem 3 Let the carrier waveform be given by c(t) = 10cos(2πf t) and message signal by given
c
by m(t) = cos(20πt). The message signal is used to frequency modulate the carrier with kf = 50. Answer
the following:. . . . . . (5).
(a) Find the expression for the modulated wave (u(t)).
(b) What is the power and modulation ratio of u(t)?

1
90 minutes Total: 20 marks – Mid-Term Examination 2

(c) Use Carson’s rule to provide an estimate of the bandwidth of u(t).

Problem 4 A superheterodyne receiver is designed to receive signals with carrier frequencies


between 4 and 6 MHz, with transmitted bandwidths of 100KHz each. The intermediate frequency is
850KHz.

(a) What is the ‘range’ of local oscillator frequency if fLO > fc is used? .. (1)
(b) What is the range of image frequencies? .. (1)

2. Part B
Problem 1 Consider a signal x(t) ↔ X(f ) whose sampled form is given by P∞ x(nT )δ(t − nT ),
−∞
and the Nyquist sampling rate is fs = 2B where B is the bandwidth x(t). Find Nyquist sampling
frequency for the signal y(t) ↔ Y (f ), where:
(a) If Re(X ′ (f )) = Re(X(f ))...(1)
(b) y(t) = x(t)cos(2πfs t)..(1)
(c) y(t) = x(t/2) ... (1)

(d) y(t) = x(t − d) ... (1)


(e) y(t) = x(t − θ(t)), where θ(t) is a time-varying phase. ... (1)

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