Assignment 1
DSECLZC416 - Mathematical Foundations for Data Science
Instructions
(1) This is not a group activity. Each student should do the problems
and submit individually.
(2) Submissions beyond 5th of January, 2025 23.55 hrs would not be
graded
(3) Assignments sent via email would not be accepted
(4) Copying is strictly prohibited. Adoption of unfair means would
lead to disciplinary action.
(5) Assignment have to be handwritten, images to be captured in a
doc file. Convert the doc file to a pdf file and name it as your
BITSID.pdf and upload the file in Taxila.
2
Answer all the questions
Questions (10 marks)
i) Let V be a set with cardinality at least 2 and let (V, +) be an Abelian
group with respect to the operation +. Let R be the field of real num-
bers. For any c ∈ R and v ∈ V , define c.V = 0, where 0 is the identity
element in the abelian group (V, +). Is (V, +, .) a vector space? [2
Marks]
ii) We have a vector x, and would like to express it with respect to the ba-
sis b1 , b2 , . . . bn . We know that the vectors bi are mutually orthogonal.
If the vector x has n components, what is the fastest algorithm that
can uncover the components of the vector y with respect to the basis
b1 , b2 , . . . bn ? [2 Marks]
iii) Consider b = [1, p, q]T ∈ R3 . Define A = bbT . Then,
(i) If nullspace of A is denoted by Null(A), then find a basis for
Null(A) and hence the dimension of Null(A). [1 Mark]
(ii) Find all the eigenvalues of A without solving the characteristic
equation. [1 Mark]
1 1 3
iv) Let A = and b = where α ∈ R. What is the condition on
2 2 α
x
α so that there is a solution of the equation Ax = b where x = 1
x2
where xi , i = 1, 2 ∈ R. [2 Marks]
u1 v1 w1
v) Let u = u2 , v = v2 and w = w2 be three vectors in R3 . Prove
u3 v3 w3
u1 v1 w1
that span{u, v, w} = R3 if and only if det u2 v2 w2 ̸= 0. [2
u3 v3 w3
Marks]