SQL is a language which is used to operate your database whereas MySQL was one of the first
open-source database available in the market. SQL is used in the accessing, updating, and
manipulation of data in a database while MySQL is an RDBMS that allows keeping the data that
exists in a database
S.NO FUNCTION PROCEDURE
A function deals with as an Whereas a procedure does not
1. expression. deal with as an expression.
Function is used to calculate
something from a given input. While procedure is the set of
Hence it got its name from commands, which are executed
2. Mathematics. in a order.
The function can be called by a But a procedure can not be called
3. procedure. by a function.
In sql, inside the function we can
not use the DML(Data
manipulation language)
commands such as Insert, Delete, Here, in sql, inside the procedure
4. Update. we can use DML commands.
Functions can be called through However, the procedure can’t be
5. sql queries. called through a sql query.
6. Each time functions are compiled Whereas, procedures are
when they are called. compiled only once and can be
S.NO FUNCTION PROCEDURE
called again and again as needed
without being compiled each
time.
The return statement of a While the return statement of the
function returns the control and procedure returns control to the
function’s result value to the calling program, it can not return
7. calling program. the result value.
Function doesn’t support try- While it supports try-catch
8. catch blocks. blocks.
Function can be operated in the While it can’t be operated in the
9. SELECT statement. SELECT statement.
10 Function does not support explicit While procedure supports explicit
. transaction handles. transaction handles.
Consider the below two tables for most of the questions asked here.
Table - EmployeeDetails
EmpId FullName ManagerI DateOfJoining
d
121 John Snow 321 01/31/2014
321 Walter White 986 01/30/2015
Kuldeep
421 876 27/11/2016
Rana
Table - EmployeeSalary
EmpId Project Salary
121 P1 8000
321 P2 1000
421 P1 12000
SQL Query Interview Questions with
Answers
Ques.1. Write a SQL query to fetch the count of employees working
in project 'P1'.
Ans. Here, we would be using aggregate function count() with the SQL where
clause-
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM EmployeeSalary WHERE Project = 'P1';
Ques.2. Write a SQL query to fetch employee names having salary
greater than or equal to 5000 and less than or equal 10000.
Ans. Here, we will use BETWEEN in the 'where' clause to return the empId of
the employees with salary satifying the required criteria and then use it as
subquery to find the fullName of the employee form EmployeeDetails table.
SELECT FullName
FROM EmployeeDetails
WHERE EmpId IN
(SELECT EmpId FROM EmpolyeeSalary
WHERE Salary BETWEEN 5000 AND 10000);
Ques.3. Write a SQL query to fetch project-wise count of employees
sorted by project's count in descending order.
Ans. The query has two requirements - first to fetch the project-wise count
and then to sort the result by that count. For project wise count, we will be
using GROUPBY clause and for sorting, we will use ORDER BY clause on the
alias of the project-count.
SELECT Project, count(EmpId) EmpProjectCount
FROM EmployeeSalary
GROUP BY Project
ORDER BY EmpProjectCount DESC;
Ques.4. Write a query to fetch only the first name(string before
space) from the FullName column of EmployeeDetails table.
Ans. In this question, we are required to first fetch the location of the space
character in the FullName field and then extract the first name out of the
FullName field. For finding the location we will use LOCATE method in mySQL
and CHARINDEX in SQL SERVER and for fetching the string before space, we
will use SUBSTRING OR MID method.
mySQL- Using MID
SELECT MID(FullName, 0, LOCATE(' ',FullName)) FROM EmployeeDetails;
SQL Server-Using SUBSTRING
SELECT SUBSTRING(FullName, 0, CHARINDEX(' ',FullName)) FROM EmployeeDetails;
Also, we can use LEFT which returns the left part of a string till specified number
of characters.
SELECT LEFT(FullName, CHARINDEX(' ',FullName) - 1) FROM EmployeeDetails;
Ques.5. Write a query to fetch employee names and salary records.
Return employee details even if the salary record is not present for
the employee.
Ans. Here, we can use left join with EmployeeDetail table on the left side.
SELECT E.FullName, S.Salary
FROM EmployeeDetails E LEFT JOIN EmployeeSalary S
ON E.EmpId = S.EmpId;
Ques.6. Write a SQL query to fetch all the Employees who are also
managers from EmployeeDetails table.
Ans. Here, we have to use Self-Join as the requirement wants us to analyze
the EmployeeDetails table as two different tables, each for Employee and
manager records.
SELECT DISTINCT E.FullName
FROM EmpDetails E
INNER JOIN EmpDetails M
ON E.EmpID = M.ManagerID;
Ques.7. Write a SQL query to fetch all employee records from
EmployeeDetails table who have a salary record in EmployeeSalary
table.
Ans. Using 'Exists'-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeDetails E
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary S WHERE E.EmpId = S.EmpId);
Ques.8. Write a SQL query to fetch duplicate records from a table.
Ans. In order to find duplicate records from table we can use GROUP BY on
all the fields and then use HAVING clause to return only those fields whose
count is greater than 1 i.e. the rows having duplicate records.
SELECT EmpId, Project, Salary, COUNT(*)
FROM EmployeeSalary
GROUP BY EmpId, Project, Salary
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;
Ques.9. Write a SQL query to remove duplicates from a table
without using temporary table.
Ans. Using Group By and Having clause-
DELETE FROM EmployeeSalary
WHERE EmpId IN (
SELECT EmpId
FROM EmployeeSalary
GROUP BY Project, Salary
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1));
Using rowId in Oracle-
DELETE FROM EmployeeSalary
WHERE rowid NOT IN
(SELECT MAX(rowid) FROM EmployeeSalary GROUP BY EmpId);
Ques.10. Write a SQL query to fetch only odd rows from table.
Ans. This can be achieved by using Row_number in SQL server-
SELECT E.EmpId, E.Project, E.Salary
FROM (
SELECT *, Row_Number() OVER(ORDER BY EmpId) AS RowNumber
FROM EmployeeSalary
) E
WHERE E.RowNumber % 2 = 1
Ques.11. Write a SQL query to fetch only even rows from table.
Ans. Using the same Row_Number() and checking that the remainder when
divided by 2 is 0-
SELECT E.EmpId, E.Project, E.Salary
FROM (
SELECT *, Row_Number() OVER(ORDER BY EmpId) AS RowNumber
FROM EmployeeSalary
) E
WHERE E.RowNumber % 2 = 0
Ques.12. Write a SQL query to create a new table with data and
structure copied from another table.
Ans. Using SELECT INTO command-
SELECT * INTO newTable FROM EmployeeDetails;
Ques.13. Write a SQL query to create an empty table with same
structure as some other table.
Ans. Using SELECT INTO command with False 'WHERE' condition-
SELECT * INTO newTable FROM EmployeeDetails WHERE 1 = 0;
This can also done using mySQL 'Like' command with CREATE statement-
CREATE TABLE newTable LIKE EmployeeDetails;
Ques.14. Write a SQL query to fetch common records between two
tables.
Ans. Using INTERSECT-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary
INTERSECT
SELECT * FROM ManagerSalary
Ques.15. Write a SQL query to fetch records that are present in one
table but not in another table.
Ans. Using MINUS-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary
MINUS
SELECT * FROM ManagerSalary
Ques.16. Write a SQL query to find current date-time.
Ans. mySQL-
SELECT NOW();
SQL Server-
SELECT getdate();
Oracle-
SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL;
Ques.17. Write a SQL query to fetch all the Employees details from
EmployeeDetails table who joined in Year 2016.
Ans. Using BETWEEN for the date range '01-01-2016' AND '31-12-2016'-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeDetails
WHERE DateOfJoining BETWEEN '01-01-2016' AND date '31-12-2016';
Also, we can extract year part from the joining date (using YEAR in mySQL)-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeDetails
WHERE YEAR(DateOfJoining) = '2016';
Ques.18. Write a SQL query to fetch top n records?
Ans. In mySQL using LIMIT-
SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary ORDER BY Salary DESC LIMIT N
In SQL server using TOP command-
SELECT TOP N * FROM EmployeeSalary ORDER BY Salary DESC
In Oracle using ROWNUM-
SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM EmployeeSalary ORDER BY Salary DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM <= 3;
Ques.19. Write SQL query to find the nth highest salary from table.
Ans. Using Top keyword (SQL Server)-
SELECT TOP 1 Salary
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT TOP N Salary
FROM Employee
ORDER BY Salary DESC
)
ORDER BY Salary ASC
Using limit clause(mySQL)-
SELECT Salary FROM Employee ORDER BY Salary DESC LIMIT N-1,1;
Ques.20. Write SQL query to find the 3rd highest salary from table
without using TOP/limit keyword.
Ans. The below SQL query make use of correlated subquery wherein in order
to find the 3rd highest salary the inner query will return the count of till we
find that there are two rows that salary greater than other distinct salaries.
SELECT Salary
FROM EmployeeSalary Emp1
WHERE 2 = (
SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT ( Emp2.Salary ) )
FROM EmployeeSalary Emp2
WHERE Emp2.Salary > Emp1.Salary
)
For nth highest salary-
SELECT Salary
FROM EmployeeSalary Emp1
WHERE N-1 = (
SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT ( Emp2.Salary ) )
FROM EmployeeSalary Emp2
WHERE Emp2.Salary > Emp1.Salary
)
Prepare Sample Data To Practice SQL Skill.
Sample Table – Worker
WORKER_ FIRST_NA LAST_NAM
ID ME E SALARY JOINING_DATE DEPARTMENT
001 Monika Arora 100000 2014-02-20 09:00:00 HR
002 Niharika Verma 80000 2014-06-11 09:00:00 Admin
003 Vishal Singhal 300000 2014-02-20 09:00:00 HR
004 Amitabh Singh 500000 2014-02-20 09:00:00 Admin
005 Vivek Bhati 500000 2014-06-11 09:00:00 Admin
006 Vipul Diwan 200000 2014-06-11 09:00:00 Account
007 Satish Kumar 75000 2014-01-20 09:00:00 Account
008 Geetika Chauhan 90000 2014-04-11 09:00:00 Admin
Sample Table – Bonus
WORKER_REF BONUS_AMO
_ID BONUS_DATE UNT
1 2016-02-20 00:00:00 5000
2 2016-06-11 00:00:00 3000
3 2016-02-20 00:00:00 4000
1 2016-02-20 00:00:00 4500
2 2016-06-11 00:00:00 3500
Sample Table – Title
WORKER_REF
_ID WORKER_TITLE AFFECTED_FROM
1 Manager 2016-02-20 00:00:00
2 Executive 2016-06-11 00:00:00
8 Executive 2016-06-11 00:00:00
5 Manager 2016-06-11 00:00:00
4 Asst. Manager 2016-06-11 00:00:00
7 Executive 2016-06-11 00:00:00
6 Lead 2016-06-11 00:00:00
3 Lead 2016-06-11 00:00:00
To prepare the sample data, you can run the following queries in your database query
executor or on the SQL command line. We’ve tested them with MySQL Server 5.7 and
MySQL Workbench 6.3.8 query browser. You can also download these Softwares and
install them to carry on the SQL exercise.
SQL Script To Seed Sample Data.
CREATE DATABASE ORG;
SHOW DATABASES;
USE ORG;
CREATE TABLE Worker (
WORKER_ID INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
FIRST_NAME CHAR(25),
LAST_NAME CHAR(25),
SALARY INT(15),
JOINING_DATE DATETIME,
DEPARTMENT CHAR(25)
);
INSERT INTO Worker
(WORKER_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, SALARY, JOINING_DATE,
DEPARTMENT) VALUES
(001, 'Monika', 'Arora', 100000, '14-02-20
09.00.00', 'HR'),
(002, 'Niharika', 'Verma', 80000, '14-06-11
09.00.00', 'Admin'),
(003, 'Vishal', 'Singhal', 300000, '14-02-20
09.00.00', 'HR'),
(004, 'Amitabh', 'Singh', 500000, '14-02-20
09.00.00', 'Admin'),
(005, 'Vivek', 'Bhati', 500000, '14-06-11 09.00.00',
'Admin'),
(006, 'Vipul', 'Diwan', 200000, '14-06-11 09.00.00',
'Account'),
(007, 'Satish', 'Kumar', 75000, '14-01-20 09.00.00',
'Account'),
(008, 'Geetika', 'Chauhan', 90000, '14-04-11
09.00.00', 'Admin');
CREATE TABLE Bonus (
WORKER_REF_ID INT,
BONUS_AMOUNT INT(10),
BONUS_DATE DATETIME,
FOREIGN KEY (WORKER_REF_ID)
REFERENCES Worker(WORKER_ID)
ON DELETE CASCADE
);
INSERT INTO Bonus
(WORKER_REF_ID, BONUS_AMOUNT, BONUS_DATE) VALUES
(001, 5000, '16-02-20'),
(002, 3000, '16-06-11'),
(003, 4000, '16-02-20'),
(001, 4500, '16-02-20'),
(002, 3500, '16-06-11');
CREATE TABLE Title (
WORKER_REF_ID INT,
WORKER_TITLE CHAR(25),
AFFECTED_FROM DATETIME,
FOREIGN KEY (WORKER_REF_ID)
REFERENCES Worker(WORKER_ID)
ON DELETE CASCADE
);
INSERT INTO Title
(WORKER_REF_ID, WORKER_TITLE, AFFECTED_FROM) VALUES
(001, 'Manager', '2016-02-20 00:00:00'),
(002, 'Executive', '2016-06-11 00:00:00'),
(008, 'Executive', '2016-06-11 00:00:00'),
(005, 'Manager', '2016-06-11 00:00:00'),
(004, 'Asst. Manager', '2016-06-11 00:00:00'),
(007, 'Executive', '2016-06-11 00:00:00'),
(006, 'Lead', '2016-06-11 00:00:00'),
(003, 'Lead', '2016-06-11 00:00:00');
Once above SQL would run, you’ll see a result similar to the one attached below.
Creating Sample Data to Practice SQL Skill.
50 SQL Query Questions And Answers For Practice.
Q-1. Write An SQL Query To Fetch “FIRST_NAME” From Worker
Table Using The Alias Name As <WORKER_NAME>.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select FIRST_NAME AS WORKER_NAME from Worker;
Q-2. Write An SQL Query To Fetch “FIRST_NAME” From Worker
Table In Upper Case.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select upper(FIRST_NAME) from Worker;
Q-3. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Unique Values Of DEPARTMENT
From Worker Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select distinct DEPARTMENT from Worker;
Q-4. Write An SQL Query To Print The First Three Characters Of
FIRST_NAME From Worker Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select substring(FIRST_NAME,1,3) from Worker;
Q-5. Write An SQL Query To Find The Position Of The Alphabet
(‘A’) In The First Name Column ‘Amitabh’ From Worker Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select INSTR(FIRST_NAME, BINARY'a') from Worker where FIRST_NAME
= 'Amitabh';
Notes.
The INSTR method is in case-sensitive by default.
Using Binary operator will make INSTR work as the case-sensitive function.
Q-6. Write An SQL Query To Print The FIRST_NAME From Worker
Table After Removing White Spaces From The Right Side.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select RTRIM(FIRST_NAME) from Worker;
Q-7. Write An SQL Query To Print The DEPARTMENT From Worker
Table After Removing White Spaces From The Left Side.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select LTRIM(DEPARTMENT) from Worker;
Q-8. Write An SQL Query That Fetches The Unique Values Of
DEPARTMENT From Worker Table And Prints Its Length.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select distinct length(DEPARTMENT) from Worker;
Q-9. Write An SQL Query To Print The FIRST_NAME From Worker
Table After Replacing ‘A’ With ‘A’.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select REPLACE(FIRST_NAME,'a','A') from Worker;
Q-10. Write An SQL Query To Print The FIRST_NAME And
LAST_NAME From Worker Table Into A Single Column
COMPLETE_NAME. A Space Char Should Separate Them.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select CONCAT(FIRST_NAME, ' ', LAST_NAME) AS 'COMPLETE_NAME' from
Worker;
Q-11. Write An SQL Query To Print All Worker Details From The
Worker Table Order By FIRST_NAME Ascending.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker order by FIRST_NAME asc;
Q-12. Write An SQL Query To Print All Worker Details From The
Worker Table Order By FIRST_NAME Ascending And
DEPARTMENT Descending.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker order by FIRST_NAME asc,DEPARTMENT desc;
Q-13. Write An SQL Query To Print Details For Workers With The
First Name As “Vipul” And “Satish” From Worker Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where FIRST_NAME in ('Vipul','Satish');
Q-14. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of Workers Excluding
First Names, “Vipul” And “Satish” From Worker Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where FIRST_NAME not in ('Vipul','Satish');
Q-15. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of Workers With
DEPARTMENT Name As “Admin”.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where DEPARTMENT like 'Admin%';
Q-16. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of The Workers Whose
FIRST_NAME Contains ‘A’.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where FIRST_NAME like '%a%';
Q-17. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of The Workers Whose
FIRST_NAME Ends With ‘A’.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where FIRST_NAME like '%a';
Q-18. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of The Workers Whose
FIRST_NAME Ends With ‘H’ And Contains Six Alphabets.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where FIRST_NAME like '_____h';
Q-19. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of The Workers Whose
SALARY Lies Between 100000 And 500000.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where SALARY between 100000 and 500000;
Q-20. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of The Workers Who
Have Joined In Feb’2014.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where year(JOINING_DATE) = 2014 and
month(JOINING_DATE) = 2;
Q-21. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The Count Of Employees
Working In The Department ‘Admin’.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM worker WHERE DEPARTMENT = 'Admin';
Q-22. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Worker Names With Salaries >=
50000 And <= 100000.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT CONCAT(FIRST_NAME, ' ', LAST_NAME) As Worker_Name, Salary
FROM worker
WHERE WORKER_ID IN
(SELECT WORKER_ID FROM worker
WHERE Salary BETWEEN 50000 AND 100000);
Q-23. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The No. Of Workers For Each
Department In The Descending Order.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT DEPARTMENT, count(WORKER_ID) No_Of_Workers
FROM worker
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT
ORDER BY No_Of_Workers DESC;
Q-24. Write An SQL Query To Print Details Of The Workers Who Are
Also Managers.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT DISTINCT W.FIRST_NAME, T.WORKER_TITLE
FROM Worker W
INNER JOIN Title T
ON W.WORKER_ID = T.WORKER_REF_ID
AND T.WORKER_TITLE in ('Manager');
Q-25. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Duplicate Records Having
Matching Data In Some Fields Of A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT WORKER_TITLE, AFFECTED_FROM, COUNT(*)
FROM Title
GROUP BY WORKER_TITLE, AFFECTED_FROM
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;
Q-26. Write An SQL Query To Show Only Odd Rows From A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT * FROM Worker WHERE MOD (WORKER_ID, 2) <> 0;
Q-27. Write An SQL Query To Show Only Even Rows From A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT * FROM Worker WHERE MOD (WORKER_ID, 2) = 0;
Q-28. Write An SQL Query To Clone A New Table From Another
Table.
Ans.
The general query to clone a table with data is:
SELECT * INTO WorkerClone FROM Worker;
The general way to clone a table without information is:
SELECT * INTO WorkerClone FROM Worker WHERE 1 = 0;
An alternate way to clone a table (for MySQL) without is:
CREATE TABLE WorkerClone LIKE Worker;
Q-29. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Intersecting Records Of Two
Tables.
Ans.
The required query is:
(SELECT * FROM Worker)
INTERSECT
(SELECT * FROM WorkerClone);
Q-30. Write An SQL Query To Show Records From One Table That
Another Table Does Not Have.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT * FROM Worker
MINUS
SELECT * FROM Title;
Q-31. Write An SQL Query To Show The Current Date And Time.
Ans.
Following MySQL query returns the current date:
SELECT CURDATE();
Following MySQL query returns the current date and time:
SELECT NOW();
Following SQL Server query returns the current date and time:
SELECT getdate();
Following Oracle query returns the current date and time:
SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL;
Q-32. Write An SQL Query To Show The Top N (Say 10) Records Of
A Table.
Ans.
Following MySQL query will return the top n records using the LIMIT method:
SELECT * FROM Worker ORDER BY Salary DESC LIMIT 10;
Following SQL Server query will return the top n records using the TOP command:
SELECT TOP 10 * FROM Worker ORDER BY Salary DESC;
Following Oracle query will return the top n records with the help of ROWNUM:
SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM Worker ORDER BY Salary DESC)
WHERE ROWNUM <= 10;
Q-33. Write An SQL Query To Determine The Nth (Say N=5) Highest
Salary From A Table.
Ans.
The following MySQL query returns the nth highest salary:
SELECT Salary FROM Worker ORDER BY Salary DESC LIMIT n-1,1;
The following SQL Server query returns the nth highest salary:
SELECT TOP 1 Salary
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT TOP n Salary
FROM Worker
ORDER BY Salary DESC
)
ORDER BY Salary ASC;
Q-34. Write An SQL Query To Determine The 5th Highest Salary
Without Using TOP Or Limit Method.
Ans.
The following query is using the correlated subquery to return the 5th highest salary:
SELECT Salary
FROM Worker W1
WHERE 4 = (
SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT ( W2.Salary ) )
FROM Worker W2
WHERE W2.Salary >= W1.Salary
);
Use the following generic method to find nth highest salary without using TOP or limit.
SELECT Salary
FROM Worker W1
WHERE n-1 = (
SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT ( W2.Salary ) )
FROM Worker W2
WHERE W2.Salary >= W1.Salary
);
Q-35. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The List Of Employees With
The Same Salary.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select distinct W.WORKER_ID, W.FIRST_NAME, W.Salary
from Worker W, Worker W1
where W.Salary = W1.Salary
and W.WORKER_ID != W1.WORKER_ID;
Q-36. Write An SQL Query To Show The Second Highest Salary
From A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select max(Salary) from Worker
where Salary not in (Select max(Salary) from Worker);
Q-37. Write An SQL Query To Show One Row Twice In Results
From A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
select FIRST_NAME, DEPARTMENT from worker W where
W.DEPARTMENT='HR'
union all
select FIRST_NAME, DEPARTMENT from Worker W1 where
W1.DEPARTMENT='HR';
Q-38. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Intersecting Records Of Two
Tables.
Ans.
The required query is:
(SELECT * FROM Worker)
INTERSECT
(SELECT * FROM WorkerClone);
Q-39. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The First 50% Records From A
Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT *
FROM WORKER
WHERE WORKER_ID <= (SELECT count(WORKER_ID)/2 from Worker);
Q-40. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The Departments That Have
Less Than Five People In It.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT DEPARTMENT, COUNT(WORKER_ID) as 'Number of Workers' FROM
Worker GROUP BY DEPARTMENT HAVING COUNT(WORKER_ID) < 5;
Q-41. Write An SQL Query To Show All Departments Along With
The Number Of People In There.
Ans.
The following query returns the expected result:
SELECT DEPARTMENT, COUNT(DEPARTMENT) as 'Number of Workers' FROM
Worker GROUP BY DEPARTMENT;
Q-42. Write An SQL Query To Show The Last Record From A Table.
Ans.
The following query will return the last record from the Worker table:
Select * from Worker where WORKER_ID = (SELECT max(WORKER_ID)
from Worker);
Q-43. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The First Row Of A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
Select * from Worker where WORKER_ID = (SELECT min(WORKER_ID)
from Worker);
Q-44. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The Last Five Records From A
Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT * FROM Worker WHERE WORKER_ID <=5
UNION
SELECT * FROM (SELECT * FROM Worker W order by W.WORKER_ID DESC)
AS W1 WHERE W1.WORKER_ID <=5;
Q-45. Write An SQL Query To Print The Name Of Employees Having
The Highest Salary In Each Department.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT t.DEPARTMENT,t.FIRST_NAME,t.Salary from(SELECT max(Salary)
as TotalSalary,DEPARTMENT from Worker group by DEPARTMENT) as
TempNew
Inner Join Worker t on TempNew.DEPARTMENT=t.DEPARTMENT
and TempNew.TotalSalary=t.Salary;
Q-46. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Three Max Salaries From A
Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT distinct Salary from worker a WHERE 3 >= (SELECT
count(distinct Salary) from worker b WHERE a.Salary <= b.Salary)
order by a.Salary desc;
Q-47. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Three Min Salaries From A
Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT distinct Salary from worker a WHERE 3 >= (SELECT
count(distinct Salary) from worker b WHERE a.Salary >= b.Salary)
order by a.Salary desc;
Q-48. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Nth Max Salaries From A Table.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT distinct Salary from worker a WHERE n >= (SELECT
count(distinct Salary) from worker b WHERE a.Salary <= b.Salary)
order by a.Salary desc;
Q-49. Write An SQL Query To Fetch Departments Along With The
Total Salaries Paid For Each Of Them.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT DEPARTMENT, sum(Salary) from worker group by DEPARTMENT;
Q-50. Write An SQL Query To Fetch The Names Of Workers Who
Earn The Highest Salary.
Ans.
The required query is:
SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY from Worker WHERE SALARY=(SELECT
max(SALARY) from Worker);
Ques.19. Write SQL query to find the nth highest salary from table.
Ans. Using Top keyword (SQL Server)-
SELECT TOP 1 Salary
FROM (
SELECT DISTINCT TOP N Salary
FROM Employee
ORDER BY Salary DESC
)
ORDER BY Salary ASC
