OPENING PRAYER
Lord Jesus, please give me a good mind that I may
do all my works well in such a way that I will make
you happy. Help me to understand and remember
all the things that I must learn. Help me to enjoy
and be happy with the subject which I find so hard.
Amen!
Subject
Earth Science
UNIT 2: EARTH
MATERIALS AND
PROCESSES
MODULE 5:
SOIL
RESOURCES
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the module, the learners will be able to:
• Identify human activities such as farming,
construction of structures, and waste disposal that
affect the quality and quality of soil.
Module 5: (Lesson 6)
Soil
Resources
Introduction
Soil Resources
• Soil – the material found on the
surface of the Earth; composed of
organic and inorganic materials.
• Soil is a renewable material;
constantly being replenished by the
geologic & biologic processes in our
environment.
Introduction
Soil Resources
SOIL RESOURCES
LESSON
PROPER
Human Impact on Soil
• Soil is the medium where people
grow their plants, and since plants
are the primary producers of food,
human impacts on soil have
potentially deleterious consequences
to the environment and to society.
Soil Erosion
Compaction
Salinization
Desertification
IMPACT CONSEQUENCES
Soil Erosion Erosion removes the topsoil w/c is rich in
organic substances.
Compaction Soil loses much of its porosity w/c
prevents water infiltration.
Salinization Increased salt content of soil reduce soil
fertility.
Desertification Fertile land becomes a desert, soil
becomes nutrient deficient.
Human Activities that
Affect the Quality and
Quantity of Soil (FCW)
1. Farming
2. Construction of Structure
3. Waste Disposal
I. FARMING
Negative Effects of Farming (TPV)
a. Tillage
b. Pesticides
c. Veterinary Medicines
Negative
Effects
of Farming
a. Tillage
✓ All tillage operations, including
aeration and sward lifting,
cause direct damage to soil
macro fauna and potentially
expose them to new predators.
Aeration Tillage
Sward Lifter
Sward Lifter
b. Pesticides
✓ Are diverse group of chemicals
used to control insects and
other organisms harmful to
cultivated plants.
✓ Long term effect: decreasing the
population of soil organisms.
b. Pesticides
c. Veterinary Medicines
✓ Direct application of anti-microbial
and nematicides usually used as
veterinary medicines to soil has
been shown to have a negative
impact on soil organisms.
c. Veterinary Medicines
Positive
Effects
of Farming
Positive Effects of Farming (HL-GOD)
a. Herbicides
b. Lime and mineral fertilizers
c. Growing plants
d. Organic manures and other
organic fertilizers
e. Drainage and irrigation
a. Herbicides
- chemicals used to manipulate or
control undesirable vegetation
b. Lime and mineral fertilizers
- provide stable optimum growing conditions,
meet plant nutrient demand, and maintain a
balanced nutrient budget.
b. Lime and mineral fertilizers
c. Growing plants
- Plants’ roots
develop & stabilize
soil structure
d. Organic manures and other
organic fertilizers
- provide energy/food for many of the soil
organisms and increase their population.
e. Drainage and irrigation
➢ Irrigation and/or
drainage tend to stabilize
the soil moisture
II. Construction of Structure
III. Waste Disposal
The soil became a major recipient
for wastes. Hazardous chemicals
(contaminants) that get into the
soil can harm plants when they
take up the contamination through
their roots.
Subject
Earth Science
UNIT 2: EARTH
MATERIALS AND
PROCESSES
MODULE 6:
WASTE GENERATION
& MANAGEMENT
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the module, the learners will be able to:
1. Describe how people generate different type of waste
(solid, liquid, and gaseous) as they make use of various
materials and resources in everyday life.
2. Explain how different types of waste affect people’s
health and the environment.
Up Next:
Motivation
Biodegradable or Non-biodegradable?
Biodegradable
Biodegradable or Non-biodegradable?
Biodegradable
Biodegradable or Non-biodegradable?
Non-
biodegradable
Biodegradable or Non-biodegradable?
Non-
biodegradable
Biodegradable or Non-biodegradable?
Biodegradable
WATER RESOURCES
LESSON
PROPER
Waste
• Waste - is an unwanted substance
which is expelled from the living
organisms.
• Humans affect the environment is the
generation of waste. If not manage
properly, these wastes will pollute
and affect the environment.
Types of Waste
a. Liquid Waste - such as, wash
water from homes, liquids used
for cleaning in industries, waste
water from manufacturing,
mining, and refining processes.
Liquid
Waste
Types of Waste
b. Solid Waste - packaging
containers, food waste, old
newspapers, discarded house
furniture, broken electrical and
electronic appliances, etc.
Solid
Waste
Types of Waste
c. Gaseous Waste -
Greenhouses gases, air
pollutants released by
combustion from cars and
manufacturing processes.
Gaseous Waste
How Liquid Waste affects people’s
health and the environment?
• Wash water can affect plants’
growth and bodies of water.
• Cleaning agents with strong
bleaching content affects immunity
How Solid Waste affects people’s
health and the environment?
✓ Ex. Plastics produce potentially
harmful chemicals into the soil &
water.
✓ Solid wastes can cause different
infectious diseases.
How Gaseous Waste affects people’s
health and the environment?
✓ Global warming
✓ causes shortness of breath,
wheezing, fatigue, headaches, and
nausea, and aggravates respiratory
problems such as asthma.
Methods of waste disposal
1. Landfill – burying wastes
2. Incineration – burning wastes
3. Mulch and compost
4. Source reduction –reuse wastes
5. Recycling – recycle wastes
Mulch and compost
Waste management hierarchy
of options
1. Buy durable products that can be used
for a long period of time.
2. Reuse and recycle solid waste to serve
another purpose.
3. Treatment of waste to minimize its
effects on the environment.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING
PETA 1
POSTER
About: Waste management
• Criteria for grading the output:
PETA – illustration board - 1/8 (any coloring materials)
• Creativity - 40 pts
• Relevance to the topic - 40 pts
• Neatness/Cleanliness - 20 pts
WW – paste it at the back of the illustration board
• Explanation (information about the output and
the significance of it) - 30 pts
CLOSING PRAYER
Lord Jesus, I thank you for all the
blessings you have given me which
I will use for your greater honour
and glory. Amen
