PERIODIC PROPERTIES 77

Exercise – 1: Basic Objective Questions

Dobereiner's Triads, Newlands' Law of Octaves, (c) Mendeleev’s system of classifying elements was
more elaborate than that of Lothar
Lothar Meyer's Curve and Mendeleev's Periodic
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Table
Modern Periodic Table
1. Which of the following is not a Dobereiner’s triad?
(a) Cl, Br, I (b) Ca, Sr, Ba 9. The basis of modern periodic table is
(c) Li, Na, K (d) Fe, Co, Ni (a) atomic volume (b) atomic number
2. John Alexander Newlands relationship referred to as (c) atomic weights (d) atomic size
the …….A…… Here, A refers to 10. Physical and chemical properties of elements are
(a) Law of triads (b) Law of Octaves determined by
(c) Law of Duet (d) Law of Nonanes (a) electronic configuration
3. According to Alexander Newlands, elements are (b) valency
arranged in…..A….order of their atomic weights. Here (c) atomic size
A refers to (d) all of these
(a) Increasing (b) Decreasing 11. In 1913, Henry Moseley observed regularity in the
(c) Similar (d) None of these characteries…A…of the elements. Here, ‘A’ refers to
4. Lothar Meyer plotted the physical properties such as (a) ultraviolet spectra (b) X-ray spectra
atomic volume, melting point and ….A…..against (c) infrared spectra (d) visible spectra
atomic weight. Here, A refers to 12. Atomic number is equal to the…. A…. Here, ‘A’ refers
(a) mass (b) boiling point to
(c) Surface tension (d) molecules (a) number of neutrons
5. Lothar Meyer drew a graph showing the relation (b) number of protons
between (c) number of electrons
(a) Atomic number and atomic weight (d) All of these
(b) Atomic number and atomic size 13. The vertical columns in the Periodic Table are termed
(c) Atomic weight and atomic volume as
(d) Atomic weight and atomic size (a) periods (b) groups
6. According to Mendeleev, elements are arranged in (c) series (d) None of these
order of their increasing ……A….Here, A refers to 14. The periods in the Periodic Table are numbered from
(a) Atomic radius (b) Atomic number (a) 1 to 16 (b) 1 to 18
(c) Electron number (d) Atomic weight (c) 1 to 7 (d) None of the above
7. Mendeleev left the gap under aluminum and a gap 15. Elements whose outer electronic configuration vary
under silicon and called these elements Eka-Aluminium from ns2np1 to ns2np6 constitute
and……A……Here, A refers to (a) s-Block of elements
(a) Eka-Gallium (b) Eka-Germanium (b) p-Block of elements
(c) Eka-Hydrogen (d) Eka-Silicon (c) d-Block of elements
8. Which of the following is incorrect explanation about (d) f-Block of elements
Mendeleev’s periodic law ? 16. In the fourth period of the periodic table, how many
(a) Mendeleev arranged elements in horizontal rows elements have one or more 4d electrons?
only (a) 2 (b) 18
(b) Mendeleev arranged elements with increasing (c) 0 (d) 6
atomic weight
78 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

17. Which of the following pairs has both members from 26. Which pair has both members from the same period of
the same group of periodic table Periodic Table?
(a) Mg, Ba (b) Mg, Na (a) Cl, Br (b) Ca, Cl
(c) Mg, Cu (d) Mg, Cl (c) Na, Ca (d) Na, Cl
18. Without looking at the periodic table, select the 27. The elements with atomic numbers 9, 17, 35, 53, 85 are
elements of IIIA group of the periodic table all
(atomic numbers are given) : (a) noble gases (b) halogens
(a) 3, 11, 19, 37 (b) 5, 13, 21, 39 (c) heavy metals (d) light metals
(c) 7, 15, 31, 49 (d) 5, 13, 31, 49 28. Identify the electronic configuration of transition
19. The transition elements have a characteristic electronic element.
configuration which can be represented as (a) 1s2, 2s22p6, 3s23p6, 4s2
(a) (n – 2) s2p6d1–10 (n – 1) s2p6ns2 (b) 1s2, 2s22p6, 3s23p63d2, 4s2
(b) (n – 2) s2p6d1–10 (n – 1) s2p6d1 or 2 ns1 (c) 1s2, 2s22p6, 3s23p63d10, 4s24p2
(c) (n – 1)s2p6d10 ns2np6nd1–10 (d) 1s2, 2s22p6, 3s23p63d10, 4s24p1
(d) (n – 1) s2p6d1–10ns0–2 29. Molybdenum metal is related to which block?
(a) s-block (b) p-block
20. The element whose electronic configuration is 1s2, 2s2,
(c) d-block (d) None of these
2p6, 3s2 is 30. Manganese is related to which block of the Periodic
(a) metal (b) metalloid Table?
(c) inert gas (d) non – metal (a) s-block (b) p-block
21. The electronic configuration of an element is 1s2, (c) d-block (d) f-block
2s22p6, 3s23p3. What is the atomic number of the 31. Which one of the following pair of elements has similar
element which is just below the above element in the properties?
periodic table? (a) 10, 12 (b) 11, 20
(a) 34 (b) 49 (c) 21, 33 (d) 13, 31
(c) 33 (d) 31 32. Which one of the following is not a chalcogen?
(a) S (b) Se
22. The element having electronic configuration [Kr] 4d10,
(c) O (d) Na
4f14, 5s2, 5p6, 5d4, 6s2 belongs to 33. Atomic to IUPAC nomenclature, the name of element
(a) s – block (b) p – block having atomic number 101 is
(c) d – block (d) f – block (a) Unnilbium (b) Unnilunium
23. Which of the following represents an excited state of an (c) Unnilquadium (d) None of these
atom? 34. According to IUPAC nomenclature, the name of
(a) [Ne] 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8 element having atomic number 116 is
(b) [Ne] 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 (a) Unnilunium (b) Ununoctium
(c) Ununhexium (d) Unnilhexium
(c) [Ne] 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1
35. Group I elements of modern periodic table are called
(d) 1s2 2s2 2p5 3s1 (a) alkali metals (b) alkaline earth metals
24. An element with atomic number 21 is a (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
(a) halogen
36. ns1 and ns2 outermost electronic configuration belongs
(d) representative element
to the
(c) transition element
(a) s-block elements (b) p-block elements
(d) alkali metal
(c) d-block elements (d) f-block elements
25. An atom has electronic configuration 1s2, 2s2, 2p6,
3s2, 3p6, 3d3, 4s2, you will place it in
(a) fifth group (b) fifteenth group
(c) second group (d) third group
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 79
37. Metals are good conductors of heat and….A….Here, 46. An element ‘X’ belongs to the fourth period and
‘A’ refers to fifteenth group of the Periodic Table. Which one of the
(a) energy (b) electricity following is true regarding the outer electronic
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these configuration of ‘X’. It has
38. The elements having characteristics of both metals and (a) Partially filled ‘d’orbitals and completely filled ‘s’
non-metals is/are termed as orbitals.
(a) semi-metals (b) metalloids (b) Completely filled ‘s’orbitals and completely filled
(c) Either (a) and (b) (d) None of these ‘p’ orbitals.
39. The element with atomic number 57 belongs to (c) Completely filled ‘s’orbitals and half-filled ‘p’
(a) s-block (b) p-block orbitals.
(c) d-block (d) f-block (d) Half-filled ‘d’orbitals and completely filled ‘s’
40. The last element of the p-block in the 6th period is orbitals.
represented by the outermost electronic configuration. (e) Completely filled‘d’, ‘s’ and ‘p’ orbitals.
47. The number of elements present in fifth period of
(a) [Rn] 7 s2 7p6
Periodic Table is
(b) [Kr] 5f 14 6d107s2 7p0 (a) 10 (b) 8
(c) [Xe] 4f 14 5d10 6s2 6p6 (c) 32 (d) 18
48. The element with atomic number 36 belongs to
(d) [Xe] 4f 14 5d106s2 6p4
........block in the Periodic Table.
41. Which of the elements whose atomic numbers are given (a) p (b) s
below, cannot be accommodated in the present set up of (c) f (d) d
the long form of the periodic table?
(a) 107 (b) 118
(c) 126 (d) 102
Atomic and Ionic Radii
42. The electronic configuration of the element which is
just above the element with atomic number 43 in the 49. Which of the following atom has largest size
same group is ............ (a) Cs (b) K
(c) Kr (d) Xe
(a) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
50. In comparison to the parent atom, the size of the
(b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s3 4p6 (a) Cation is smaller but anion is larger
(c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2 (b) Cation is larger but anion is smaller
(c) Cation and anion are equal in size
(d) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2
(d) All the three are correct depending upon the atom
43. The elements with atomic numbers 35, 53, and 85 are
51. Which one is the correct order of the size of the iodine
all ................
species.
(a) Noble gases (b) Halogens
(c) Heavy metals (d) Light metals (a) I > I+> I– (b) I > I–> I+
44. The element with the lowest atomic number that has a (c) I+ > I–> I (d) I–> I > I+
ground state electronic configuration of (n-1) d6ns2 is 52. Which of the following ions has the smallest radius?
located in the (a) Li+ (b) Na+
(a) fifth period (b) sixth period
(c) Be2+ (d) K+
(c) fourth period (d) third period
53. When a chlorine atom becomes chloride ion, its size
45. Element having electronic configuration 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, (a) remains unaltered (b) increases
3s2, 3p6, 3d10, 4s2, 4p6, 4d10, 5s2, 5p3 belongs to the (c) decreases (d) none of these
group in the periodic table 54. Which of the following pairs has almost the same
(a) III group (b) II group atomic radii?
(c) V group (d) VII group (a) Al, Ga (b) Be, Mg
(c) Mg, Al (d) B, Be
80 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

55. Identify the correct order of the size of the following (a) Ar, Cl, S, P (b) Cl, S, P, Ar
(a) Ca2+< K+<Ar< S2–<Cl– (c) S, Cl, P, Ar (d) Ar, P, S, Cl
65. The single covalent radius of P is 0.11 nm The single
(b) Ca2+< K+<Ar<Cl–< S2–
covalent radius of Cl will be :
(c) Ar<Ca2+< K+<Cl–< S2– (a) smaller than P (b) greater than P
(d) Ca2+<Ar< K+<Cl–< S2– (c) same as P (d) twice of P
56. Which one of the following ions has the highest value 66. In isoelectronic species of Mg2+, N3–, Al3+, the order
of ionic radius? of decreasing ionic radii will be
(a) O2– (b) B3+
(a) N3–> Mg2+> Al3+ (b) Mg2+> Al3+> N3–
(c) Li+ (d) F–
(c) Al3+> N3–> Mg2+ (d) Al3+ = Mg2+< N3–
57. Atomic radii of F and Ne, in Å, are given by
67. Identify the correct order in which the ionic radius of
(a) 0.72, 0.71 (b) 0.72, 1.6
the following ions increases
(c) 1.6, 1.58 (d) 0.71, 0.72
58. Among 3rd-row elements atomic size is maximum for (I) F– (II) Na+
(a) sodium (b) aluminium (III) N3–
(c) magnesium (d) chlorine (a) III, I, II (b) I, II, III
59. Which of the following order is correct for the size of (c) II, III, I (d) II, I, III
Fe3+, Fe, and Fe2+? 68. Correct order of radii is
(b) F < O2– < N3–

(a) Fe < Fe2+< Fe3+ (b) Fe2+< Fe3+< Fe (a) N < Be < B

(c) Fe < Fe3+< Fe2+ (d) Fe3+< Fe2+< Fe (c) Na < Li < K (d) Fe3+< Fe2+< Fe4+

60. The ions O2–, F–, Na+, Mg2+and Al3+are

isoelectronic. Their ionic radii show Ionization Enthalpy
(a) an increase from O2– to F– and then decrease from
69. Shielding of the nuclear charge by the inner core
Na+ to Al3+
of……A…….does not increase. Here, A refers to
(b) a decrease from O2– to F– and then increase from
(a) electron (b) proton
Na+ to Al3+
(c) neutron (d) Both (a) and (c)
(c) a significant increase from O2– to Al3+ 70. Lowest ionization potential in periods is shown by
(d) a significant decrease from O2– to Al3+ (a) inert gases (b) halogens
61. The correct order of the sizes of C, N, P, S, is (c) alkali metals (d) alkaline earth metals
(a) N < C < P < S (b) C < N < S < P
71. The electronic configurations of some atoms are given
(c) C < N < P < S (d) N < C < S < P
below, which of these should have the highest second
Atomic radius ionization energy?
(a) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2
62. In which of the following pair, both the species are
isoelectronic but first one is large in size than the (b) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1
second? (c) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6
(a) S2–, O2– (b) Cl–, S2–
(d) 1s2, 2s2, 2p5
(c) F–, Na+ (d) N3–, P3– 72. The correct arrangement of the elements in the order of
63. The correct order of ionic size of N3–, Na+, F–, Mg2+ decreasing ionization energies is
and O2–is: (a) Na > Mg > Al (b) Mg > Na > Al
(a) Mg2+> Na+> F–> O2–< N3– (c) Al > Mg > Na (d) Mg > Al > Na
(b) N3–< F–> O2–> Na+> Mg2+
(c) Mg2+< Na+< F–< O2–< N3–
(d) N3–> O2–> F–> Na+< Mg2+
64. Arrange the following elements in the order of
increasing atomic size Cl, S, P, Ar
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 81
73. The maximum tendency to form uni-positive ion is for 82. Alkali metals in each period have
the element which has the following electronic (a) Smallest size
configuration (b) Lowest ionization enthalpy
(a) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2 (c) Highest ionization enthalpy
(d) Highest electronegativity
(b) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p1
83. Amongst the elements with the following electronic
(c) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6 configurations which one of them may have the highest
(d) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p3 ionization energy?
74. Which element has the highest ionization energy? (a) [Ne]3s23p3 (b) [Ne]3s23p2
(a) Hydrogen (b) Lithium (c) [Ar]3d104s24p3 (d) [Ne]3s23p1
(c) Boron (d) Sodium 84. The bond enthalpy is the highest for
75. An element will have lowest ionisation potential when (a) F2 (b) Cl2
its electronic configuration is (c) Br2 (d) H2
(a) 1s1 (b) 1s2, 2s2, 2p2 85. Which of the following has the highest ionization
(c) 1s2, 2s2, 2p5 (d) 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1 enthalpy?
(a) P (b) N
76. The order of ionization potential between He+ ion and (c) As (d) Sb
H-atom (both species are in gaseous state) is 86. The correct order of ionization energy of C, N, O, F is
(a) I.P. (He+) = I.P. (H) (b) I.P. (He+) < I.P. (H) (a) F < N < C < O (b) C < N < O < F
(c) C < O < N < F (d) F < O < N < C
(c) I.P. (He+) > I.P. (H) (d) cannot be compared
87. Which one of the following order is correct for the first
77. The correct order of second I.E. of C, N, O and F are in
ionization energies of the elements?
the order
(a) B < Be < N < O (b) Be < B < N < O
(a) F > O > N > C (b) C > N > O > F
(c) B < Be < O < N (d) B < O < Be < N
(c) O > N > F > C (d) O > F > N > C
88. The correct order of first ionization potential is
78. Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing first
(a) K > Na > Li (b) Be > Mg >Ca
ionization energy K, Cs, Rb, Ca
(a) Cs, Rb, K, Ca (b) Rb, Cs, K, Ca (c) B > C > N (d) Ge > Si > C
89. Which of the following has the highest ionization
(c) Cs, Rb, Ca, K (d) Rb, Cs, Ca, K
energy?
79. The element which has highest first ionization energy in
(a) K+ (b) Cl–
the periodic table is
(a) H (b) Rn (c) Ar (d) Cs+
90. The correct order in which the first ionization potential
(c) F (d) He
increases is
80. Correct order of first ionization potential among the
(a) Na, K, Be (b) K, Na, Be
following elements Be, B, C, N, O is
(c) K, Be, Na (d) Be, Na, K
(a) B < Be < C < O < N
91. The element with the lowest ionization potential is
(b) B < Be < C < N < O
(a) Na (b) K
(c) Be < B < C < N < O
(c) Rb (d) Cs
(d) Be < B < C < O < N
92. Which of the following has the lowest ionization
81. In a periodic table, on moving from left to right along a
energy?
period, the metallic character of an element
(a) Oxygen (b) Nitrogen
(a) decreases
(c) Fluorine (d) Sulphur
(b) increases
93. Ionisation energy decreases down the group due to
(c) remains the same
(a) increase in charge
(d) first increases and then decreases
(b) increase in atomic size
(c) decrease in atomic size
(d) decrease in shielding effect
82 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

94. Ionization potential for a noble gas is M+ (g) → M2+ (g) + e– (4)
(a) maximum in a period
M(g) →M2+ (g) + 2e– (5)
(b) minimum in a period
The second ionization energy of M(g) could be
(c) either minimum or maximum
calculated from the energy values associated with:
(d) constant
(a) 1 + 3 + 4 (b) 2 – 1 + 3
95. The highest first ionization potential is of
(c) 1 + 5 (d) 5 – 3
(a) carbon (b) boron
105. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(c) oxygen (d) nitrogen
(a) The second ionization energy of sulphur is greater
96. A neutral atom will have the lowest ionization potential
than that of chlorine
when electronic configuration is
(b) The third ionization energy of phosphorus is greater
(a) 1s2 (b) 1s2, 2s2 2p2 than that of aluminium
(c) 1s2, 2s22p6 (d) 1s2, 2s22p6, 3s1 (c) The first ionization energy of aluminium is
97. The ionization energy will be maximum for approximately the same as that of gallium
(a) H (b) Li (d) The second ionization energy of boron is greater
(c) Be (d) B than that of the carbon
98. The correct order of second ionization potential of C, 106. Which of the following order is wrong character
N, O and F is (a) NH3< PH3<AsH3 – Acidic
(a) C > N > O > F (b) O > N > F > C (b) Li < Be < B < C – IE
(c) O > F > N > C (d) F > O > N > C (c) Al2O3<MgO< Na2O< K2O – Basic
99. Which of the following isoelectronic ions has the
lowest ionization energy? (d) Li+< Na+< K+< Cs+ – Ionic radius
107. Which of the following orders regarding ionization
(a) K+ (b) Ca2+
energy is correct?
(c) Cl–1 (d) S2– (a) N > O > F (b) N < O < F
100. The ionization potential of X– ion is equal to (c) N > O < F (d) N < O > F
(a) The electron affinity of X atom 108. The correct order of decreasing second ionization
(b) The electronegativity of X atom enthalpy of Ti(22), V(23), Cr(24) and Mn(25) is
(c) The ionization potential of X atom (a) Cr > Mn > V > Ti (b) V > Mn > Cr > Ti
(d) None of these (c) Mn > Cr > Ti > V (d) Ti > V > Cr >Mn
101. Second ionization potential of Li, Be and B is in the 109. The atomic numbers of vanadium (V), chromium (Cr),
order manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) are respectively 23, 24,
(a) Li > Be > B (b) Li > B > Be 25, and 26. Which one of these may be expected to have
(c) Be > Li > B (d) B > Be > Li the highest second ionization enthalpy?
102. The first four I.E. values of an element are 284, 412, (a) V (b) Cr
656 and 3210 kJ mol–1. The number of valence (c) Mn (d) Fe
electrons in the element are 110. The first ionization potentials of four consecutive
(a) one (b) two elements, present in the second period of the Periodic
(c) three (d) four Table, are 8.3, 11.3, 14.5, and 13.6 eV respectively.
103. Which of the following electronic configuration is Which one of the following is the first ionization
associated with the biggest jump between the second potential (in eV) of nitrogen?
and third ionization energies? (a) 13.6 (b) 11.2
(c) 8.3 (d) 14.5
(a) 1s2 2s2 2p2 (b) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
(c) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 (d) 1s2 2s2 2p1
104. Consider the following changes
M(s) →M(g) (1)
2+
M(s) → M (g) + 2e – (2)
M(g) → M+ (g) + e– (3)
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 83

Electron Gain Enthalpy or Electron Affinity 121. Electron affinity of the inert gases is
(a) High (b) Low but positive
111. Arrange, N, O and S in order of decreasing electron (c) Moderate (d) Almost zero
affinity. 122. First electron gain enthalpy of oxygen is –141 kJ mol–1
(a) S > O > N (b) O > S > N second electron gain enthalpy will be
(c) N > O > S (d) S > N > O (a) +141 kJ mol–1 (b) –141 kJ mol–1
112. The correct order for electron affinities is a
(c) +780 kJ mol–1 (d) –780 kJ mol–1
(a) F > Br > I (b) F < Br < I
123. In which of the following processes, energy is liberated
(c) F < I > Br (d) Br < I < F
113. Which of the following element is expected to have (a) ClCl+ + e– (b) HClH+ + Cl–
highest electron affinity? (c) O– + e–O2– (d) F + e–F–
(a) 1 s22 s22 p6 3 s2 3 p5 124. The correct order of increasing electron affinity of the
following elements is
(b) 1 s22 s22 p3
(a) O < S < F <Cl (b) O < S <Cl< F
(c) 1 s22 s22 p4 (c) S < O < F <Cl (d) S < O <Cl< F
(d) 1 s22 s22 p5 125. Which of the following represents the correct order of
114. An atom of an electronegative element becomes an ion increasing electron gain enthalpy without sign for the
by elements O, S, F, and Cl?
(a) Gain of electrons (a) S < O <Cl< F (b) Cl< F < O < S
(b) Loss of electrons (c) O < S < F <Cl (d) F < S < O <Cl
(c) Loss of its radius 126. The electronic configurations of four elements are
(d) Serving as a reductant given below. Arrange these elements in the correct
115. The value of electron affinity for noble gases is likely to order of the magnitude (without sign) of their electron
be affinity.
(a) high (b) low (i) 2s2 2p5 (ii) 3s2 3p5
(c) zero (d) positive
(iii) 2s2 2p4 (iv) 3s2 3p4
116. Second electron gain enthalpy
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
(a) is always negative
(a) (i) < (ii) < (iv) < (iii)
(b) is always positive
(b) (ii) < (i) < (iv) < (iii)
(c) can be positive or negative
(c) (i) < (iii) < (iv) < (ii)
(d) is always zero
(d) (iii) < (iv) < (i) < (ii)
117. The element having very high ionization enthalpy but
127. Among halogens, the correct order of amount of energy
zero electron gain enthalpy is?
released in electron gain (electron gain enthalpy) is:
(a) H (b) F
(a) F >Cl> Br > I (b) F <Cl<Br < I
(c) He (d) Br
(c) F<Cl> Br > I (d) F<Cl< Br < I
118. Electron affinity is maximum for
(a) Cl (b) F
Electronegativity and Its Applications
(c) Br (d) I
119. The correct order of electron affinity of halogens is 128. The most electropositive element is
(a) F > Cl > Br > I (b) I > Br > Cl > F (a) Cs (b) Ga
(c) Cl > F > Br > I (d) Cl > F < Br < I (c) Li (d) Pb
120. Which of the following species has the highest electron 129. Which of the following represent highly electropositive
affinity? as well as highly electronegative element in its period?
(a) F (b) O (a) Nitrogen (b) Fluorine
(c) O – (d) Na+ (c) Hydrogen (d) None
84 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

130. What will be the electropositive character when we (a) acidic, basic (b) acidic, acidic
move from left to right in a period (c) basic, acidic (d) basic, basic
(a) Increases (b) Decreases 141. The electronegativity of the following elements
(c) No change (d) First increases then increases in the order
decreases (a) C, N, Si, P (b) N, Si, C, P
131. Outermost electronic configuration of least (c) Si, P, C, N (d) P, Si, N, C
electronegative element in the periodic table is 142. The electronegativity of Cl, F, O, S increases in the
(a) 2s2 2p5 (b) 3s2 3p5 order of
(a) S, O, Cl, F (b) S, Cl, O, F
(c) 2s2 2p4 (d) 6s2 6p6 7s1
(c) Cl, S, O, F (d) S, O, F, Cl
132. In any period of the periodic table the electronegativity
143. Which is the property of non-metal?
of elements as we move from left to right.
(a) Electronegative
(a) Increases (b) Decreases
(b) Basic nature of oxide
(c) Remains constant (d) None
(c) Reducing property
133. The element with highest electronegativity value is
(d) Low ionization potential
(a) F (b) Cl
(c) P (d) N
134. Which of the following element has the highest Valency and Oxidation State
electronegativity?
(a) As (b) Sb 144. In Periodic Table, the basic character of oxides
(c) P (d) S (a) increases from left to right and decrease from top of
135. With respect to chlorine, hydrogen will be bottom
(a) Electropositive (b) Electronegative (b) decreases from right to left and increases from top to
(c) Neutral (d) None of these bottom
136. The outermost electronic configuration of the most (c) decreases from left to right and increases from top to
electronegative element is bottom
(d) decreases from left to right and increases from
(a) ns2, np3 (b) ns2, np4
bottom to top
(c) ns2, np5 (d) ns2, np6 145. Which one of these is most basic
137. Which of the following is the second most (a) CO2 (b) SnO2
electronegative element?
(c) NO2 (d) SO2
(a) Chlorine (b) Oxygen
(c) Sulfur (d) Fluorine 146. Which of the following order is wrong?
138. Which of these have no unit? (a) NH3< PH3<AsH3 – acidic
(a) Electronegativity (b) Electron affinity (b) Li < Be < B < C – first IP
(c) Ionization energy (d) Excitation potential (c) Al2O3<MgO< Na2O < K2O – basic
139. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? (d) Li+< Na+< K+< Cs+ – ionic radius
(a) Greater is the nuclear charge, greater is the electron 147. A metal ion with +3 charge has five electrons in the 3d-
gain enthalpy subshell, the metal is
(b) Nitrogen has almost zero electron gain enthalpy (a) Fe (b) Cr
(c) Electron gain enthalpy decreases from fluorine to (c) Mn (d) Zn
iodine in the group
(d) Chlorine has highest electron gain enthalpy
140. Aqueous solutions of two compounds M1 – O – H and
M2 – O – H are prepared in two different beakers. If,
the electronegativity of M1 = 3.4,
M2 = 1.2, O = 3.5 and H = 2.1, then the nature of two
solutions will be respectively
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 85
148. In any period the valency of an element with respect to 149. Which of the following pairs do not show a diagonal
oxygen relationship?
(a) increases one by one from IA to VIIA (a) Li and Mg (b) Be and Al
(b) decreases one by one from IA to VIIA (c) B and Si (d) C and S
(c) increases one by one from IA to IVA and then 150. The diagonal partner of element B is
decreases from VA to VIIA one by one (a) Li (b) Al
(d) decreases one by one from IA to IVA and then (c) Si (d) Mg
increases from VA to VIIA one by one
(e) changes randomly
86 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

Exercise – 2: Previous Year Questions

1. Which one of the following ions has the highest value rather than 8; what would be the formula of the stable
of ionic radius? (DUMET 2008) fluoride ion? (DUMET 2009)
(a) O
2
(b) B3 (a) F – (b) F+
(c) Li  (d) F (c) F 2+ (d) F3+
2. Increase in atomic size down the group is due to 10. The oxide of an element whose electronic configuration
(JCECE 2008) is 1s2, 2s2 2p6, 3s1 is (KCET 2009)
(a) increase in number of electrons (a) amphoteric (b) basic
(b) increase in number of protons and neutrons (c) acidic (d) neutral
(c) increase in number of protons 11. In which of the following arrangements, the order is not
(d) increase in number of protons, neutrons and according to the property indicated after it in the
electrons bracket? (Manipal 2009)
3. Diagonal relationship is not shown by (BHU 2008) 3+ 2+
(a) Al < Mg < Na < F + 

(a) Li and Mg (b) Be and Al (Increasing ionic size)

(c) B and Si (d) C and P (b) B < C < N < O
4. Which two elements in the Periodic Table would you (Increasing first ionization energy)
expect to combine in the most violent fashion? (c) I < Br < F <Cl
(Kerala CEE 2008) (Increasing electron gain enthalpy)
(a) H and O (b) Cl and F (d) Li < Na < K <Rb
(c) Mg and N (d) Cs and F (Increasing metallic radius)
5. Element with atomic number 38, belongs to 12. Increasing order of ionic size for the ions, F–, O2–, Na+,
(MP PMT 2008) Al3+ is (AMU 2009)
(a) IIA group and 5th period 2– – + 3+
(a) O < F < Na < Al
(b) IIA group and 2nd period
(c) VA group and 2nd period (b) Al3+< Na+< F–< O2–
(d) IIIA group and 5th period (c) O2–< Na+< F–< Al3+
6. An element with atomic number 112 has been made (d) Al3+< F–< Na+< O2–
recently. It should be (Haryana PMT 2008) 13. Which represents the correct order of the first ionization
(a) an actinide (b) a transition metal potential of third-period elements? (AFMC 2009)
(c) a noble gas (d) a lanthanide (a) Na > Ma > Al > Si
7. The discovery of which of the following group of (b) Na < Mg < Al < Si
elements gave a death blow to Newland’s law of (c) Na < Si < Al < Mg
octaves? (Manipal 2008) (d) Na < Al < Mg < Si
(a) Inert gases (b) Alkaline earths 14. The element with atomic number 117 has not been
(c) Rare earths (d) Actinides discovered yet. In which family would you place this
8. Amongst the elements with following electronic element if discovered? (Kerala CEE 2009)
configurations, which one of them may have the highest (a) Alkali metals
ionisation energy? (AIPMT 2009) (b) Alkaline earth metals
(a) Ne 3s 2 3p 2  (b) Ar 3d10 4s 2 4p 3  (c) Halogens
(d) Noble gases
(c) Ne 3s 2 3p1  (d) Ne 3s 2 3p3 
(e) Coinage metals
9. It is believed that atoms combine with each other such 15. Which one of the following is correct order of the size?
that the outermost shell acquires a stable configuration (Haryana PMT 2010)
of 8 electrons. If stability were attained with 6 electrons (a) I  I  I (b) I  I  I
(c) I   I  I (d) I  I  I
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 87
16. Ease of formation of the cation is favoured by 25. The increasing order of the density of alkali metal is
(RPMT 2010) (Kerala CEE 2011)
(a) lower value of ionisation potential (a) Li < K < Na < Rb < Cs
(b) lower value of electron affinity (b) Li < Na < K < Rb < Cs
(c) higher value of electron affinity (c) Cs < Rb < Na < K < Li
(d) lower value of electronegativity (d) Cs < Rb < K < Na < Li
17. Mg and Li are similar in their properties due to (e) Li < Na < Rb < K < Cs
(VMMC 2010) 26. The electronegativity of the following elements
(a) same e/m ratio increases in the order (AFMC 2011)
(b) same electron affinity (a) C, N, Si, P (b) N, Si, C, P
(c) same group (c) Si, P, C, N (d) P, Si, N, C
(d) same ionisation potential 27. Which of the following has the highest electron
18. Electronic configuration of an element X having atomic affinity? (AFMC 2011)
number 24 is (UP CPMT 2010) (a) F– (b) O–
(a)  Ar  3d 5 4s1 (b)  Ar  3d 4 4s 2 (c) O (d) Na
(c)  Ne  2p 3s
5 1
(d)  Ar  3d 4s
6 2 28. The correct order of decreasing electronegativity values
among the elements I-beryllium, II-oxygen, III-nitrogen
19. Which one of the following ions has electronic
and IV-magnesium, is (Kerala CEE 2011)
configuration  Ar  3d 6 ? (CBSE AIPMT 2010) (a) (II) > (III) > (I) > (IV)
(Atomic numbers: Mn = 25, Fe = 26, Co = 27, Ni = 28) (b) (III) > (IV) > (II) > (I)
(a) Co
3
(b) Ni
3 (c) (I) > (II) > (III) > (IV)
3 (d) (I) > (II) > (IV) > (III)
(c) Mn3 (d) Fe
29. The electronic configuration of an element is
20. The property of attracting electrons by the halogen
atoms in a molecule is called (JCECE 2010) 1s 2 , 2s 2 2p6 ,3s 2 3p6 3d10 , 4s 2 4p6 4d10 ,5s 2 5p3 .
(a) ionization potential (b) electron affinity From which group of the period table, it belongs?
(c) electronegativity (d) electronic attraction (KCET 2012)
21. Generally, the first ionization energy increases along a (a) 2nd (b) 15th
period. But there are some exceptions. One which is not (c) 3rd (d) 7th
an exception is (KCET 2010) 30. Identify the wrong statement in the following
(a) N and O (b) Na and Mg (AIPMT 2012)
(c) Mg and Al (d) Be and B (a) Amongst isoelectronic species, smaller the positive
22. Among the following the third ionization energy is charge on the cation, smaller is the ionic radius
highest for (AMU 2010) (b) Amongst isoelectronic species, greater the negative
(a) magnesium (b) boron charge on the anion, larger is the ionic radius
(c) beryllium (d) aluminium (c) Atomic radius of the elements increases as one
23. The element with the electronic configuration as moves down the first group of the periodic table
[Ar]3d10 4s2 4p3 represents a (JCECE 2010) (d) Atomic radius of the elements decreases as one
(a) metal (b) non-metal moves across from left to right in the 2nd period of
the periodic table
(c) metalloid (d) transition element
31. The elements ‘X’, ‘Y’, and ‘Z’ form oxides which are
24. The correct order of the decreasing ionic radii among acidic, basic, and amphoteric respectively. The correct
the following isoelectronic species is order of their electronegativity is (EAMCET 2012)
(CBSE AIPMT 2010) (a) X > Y > Z (b) Z > Y > X
+ 2+
(a) K >Ca >Cl > S– 2– (c) X > Z > Y (d) Y > X > Z
(b) Ca2+> K+> S2–>Cl– 32. The correct order of decreasing first ionisation potential
is (UP CPMT 2013)
(c) Cl–> S2–>Ca2+> K+
(a) Ca  K  Rb  Cs (b) Cs  Rb  K  Ca
(d) S2–>Cl–> K+>Ca2+
(c) Ca  Cs  Rb  K (d) K  Rb  Cs  Ca
88 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

33. The electron affinity of Be is similar to (c) addition of electron in oxygen results in larger size
(UP CPMT 2013) of the ion
(a) He (b) B (d) electron repulsion outweights the stability gained by
(c) Li (d) Na achieving noble gas configuration
34. Which one of the following arrangements represents the 41. The stability of +1 oxidation state among Al, Ga, In and
correct order of least negative to most negative electron TI increases in the sequence (AIPMT 2015)
gain enthalpy for C, Ca, Al, F and O? (NEET 2013) (a) Tl < ln < Ga < Al (b) ln < Tl < Ga < Al
(a) Al < Ca < O < C < F (c) Ga < ln < Al < Tl (d) Al < Ga < In < TI
(b) Al < O < C < Ca < F 42.
2
The species Ar, K  and Ca contain the same number
(c) C < F < O < Al < Ca
of electrons. In which order do their radii increase?
(d) Ca < Al < C < O < F
(AIPMT 2015)
35. Which one of the following is the correct order of the 2  2 
(a) Ca  Ar  K (b) Ca  K  Ar
size of the ions? (EAMCET 2014)  2  2
(c) K  Ar  Ca (d) Ar  K  Ca
(a) Na   Mg 2  F  O2 43. In which of the following options, the order of
(b) O2  F  Na   Mg 2 arrangements does not agree with the variation of the
2   2 property indicated against it? (NEET 2016)
(c) Mg  Na  F  O
2 
(d) O  F  Mg  Na
2  (a) Al3  Mg 2  Na   F (increasing ionic size)
36. The correct arrangement for the ions in the increasing (b) B < C < N < O (increasing first ionization enthalpy)
order of their radius is (KCET 2014) (c) Li < Na < K <Rb (increasing metallic radius)
(a) Na  ,Cl ,Ca 2 (b) Ca 2  , K ,S2  (d) None of these
44. Which of the following is the correct order of stability
(c) Na  , Al3 ,Be2 (d) Cl , F ,S2  for the given superoxide’s? (JIPMER 2017)
37. The compound not acting as a reducing agent is (a) KO 2  RbO2  CsO 2 (b) CsO 2  RbO 2  KO 2
(Manipal 2014)
(c) RbO 2  CsO 2  KO 2 (d) KO 2  CsO 2  RbO 2
(a) SO2 (b) SeO2
45. Which of the following pairs contain metalloid
(c) TeO2 (d) All of these
elements in the periodic table? (Kerala CEE 2017)
38. Amongst the following, select the element having
(a) Na and K (b) F and Cl
highest ionisation enthalpy. (MHT CET 2014)
(c) Ca and Mg (d) As and Si
(a) Sodium (b) Potassium
46. The plot of square root of frequency of X-ray emitted
(c) Beryllium (d) Magnesium
against atomic number led to the suggestion of which
39. Which of the following orders of ionic radii is correctly
law/rule? (MHT CET 2017)
represented? (AIPMT 2014)
  2
(a) Periodic law (b) Modern periodic law
(a) H  H  H (b) Na  F  O (c) Hund’s rule (d) Newland’s law
(c) F  O2  Na  (d) None of these 47. The element Z = 114 has been discovered recently. It
40. The formation of the oxide ion, O 2g from oxygen atom will belong to which of the following family/group and
requires first an exothermic and then an endothermic electronic configuration? (NEET 2017)
step as shown below: (NEET 2015) (a) Carbon family,  Rn  5f 14 6d10 7s 2 7p 2
O  g   e   O g  ;  f H o  141kJ mol 1 (b) Oxygen family,  Rn  5f 14 6d10 7s 2 7p 4
O g   e   O 2g ;  f H o  780 kJ mol 1 (c) Nitrogen family,  Rn  5f 14 6d10 7s 2 7p 6
2
Thus, process of formation of O in gas phase is (d) Halogen family,  Rn  5f 14 6d10 7s 2 7p 5
2
unfavorable even though O is isoelectronic with neon.
It is due to the fact that,
(a) O ion has comparatively smaller size than oxygen
atom
(b) oxygen is more electronegative
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 89
48. Which of the following oxides is most acidic in nature? 50. Identify the incorrect match. (NEET 2020)
(NEET 2018) Name IUPAC Official Name
(a) MgO (b) BeO (A) Unnilunium (i) Mendelevium
(c) BaO (d) CaO (B) Unniltrium (ii) Lawrencium
49. For the second period elements the correct increasing (C) Unnilhexium (iii) Seaborgium
order of first ionization enthalpy is (NEET 2019) (D) Unununnium (iv) Darmstadium
(a) Li < Be < B < C < O < N < F < Ne (a) (A), (i) (b) (B), (ii)
(b) Li < Be < B < C < N < O < F < Ne (c) (C), (iii) (d) (D), (iv)
(c) Li < B < Be < C < O < N < F < Ne 51. The lUPAC name of an element with atomic number
(d) Li < B < Be < C < N < O < F < Ne 119 is (NEET 2022)
Li < B < Be < C < O < N < F < Ne (a) ununennium (b) unnilennium
(c) unununnium (d) ununoctium
90 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

Exercise – 3: Achiever’s Section

Single choice questions
8. Of the following orders of relative sizes, choose the
incorrect order
1. The period number in the long form of the periodic
table is equal to (a) Li < Na < K (b) Al3+< Mg2+ < Na+
(a) Magnetic quantum number of any element of the (c) C < Si < Al (d) Mg < Al < Na
period. 9. Consider the isoelectronic species, Na+, Mg2+,F –and
(b) The Atomic number of any element of the period. O2–. The correct order of increasing length of their radii
(c) Maximum Principal quantum number of any is ...........
element of the period.
(a) F–< O2– < Mg2+< Na+
(d) Maximum Azimuthal quantum number of any
element of the period. (b) Mg2+< Na+ < F– < O2–
2. The statement that is not correct for periodic (c) O2–<F–< Na+< Mg2+
classification of elements is: (d) O2–< F– < Mg2+< Na+
(a) The properties of elements are the periodic function 10. The order of screening effect of electrons of s, p, d and f
of their atomic numbers. orbitals of a given shell of an atom on its outer shell
(b) Non-metallic elements are less in number then electrons is:-
metallic elements. (a) s> p > d >f (b) f> d > p > s
(c) For transition elements, the 3d-orbitals are filled (c) p< d < s <f (d) f> p > s > d
with electrons after 3p-orbitals and before 4s- 11. Which of the following isoelectronic ions has the
orbitals. lowest ionization energy?
(d) The first ionization enthalpies of elements generally
(a) K+ (b) Ca2+
increase with an increase in atomic number as we go
along a period. (c) Cl– (d) S2–
3. La (Lanthanum) having atomic number 57 is a member 12. IE1 and IE2 of Mg(g) are 178 and 348 kcal mol–1
of: respectively. The energy required for the reaction Mg
(a) s-block elements (b) p-block elements
(g)  Mg2+ (g) + 2e– is
(c) d-block elements (d) f-block elements
(a) + 170 kcal (b) + 526 kcal
4. If the Aufbau principle had not been followed, Ca
(c) – 170 kcal (d) – 525 kcal
(Z = 20) would have been placed in the:
13. For a given value of n (principal quantum number),
(a) s-block (b) p-block
ionization energy is highest for
(c) d-block (d) f-block
(a) d-Electrons
5. Which of the following represents an excited state of an
(b) f-Electrons
atom?
(c) p-Electrons
(a) [Ne] 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d8 (b) [Ne] 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d5 (d) s-Electrons
(c) [Ne] 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d1 (d) 1s2 2s2 2p5 3s1 14. From which of the following species it is easiest to
6. Of the following which will have the minimum atomic remove one electron?
radius? (a) O (g) (b) O2– (g)
(a) N (b) Na
(c) O+ (g) (d) O– (g)
(c) K (d) F
15. The electronic configurations of the elements X, Y, Z,
7. In which of the following sets of elements, they have
and J are given below. Which element has the highest
nearly the same atomic size
metallic character?
(a) Li, Be, B, C (b) Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba
(a) X = 2, 8, 4 (b) Y = 2, 8, 8
(c) O, S, Se, Te (d) Fe, Co, Ni, Cu
(c) Z = 2, 8, 8, 1 (d) J = 2, 8, 8, 7
PERIODIC PROPERTIES 91
16. The ionization energy of boron is less than that of (c) I and II (d) II and III
beryllium because: 22. Which of the following properties shows a gradual
(a) beryllium has a higher nuclear charge than boron decrease with an increase in atomic number across a
(b) beryllium has a lower nuclear charge than boron period in the periodic table?
(c) the outermost electron in boron occupies a (a) Electron Affinity
2p-orbital (b) Ionization potential
(d) the 2s and 2p-orbitals of boron are degenerate (c) Electronegativity
17. An element with lowest ionization energy in their (d) Size of atom.
respective period is
(a) chalcogen (b) halogen Assertion-Reason
(c) alkali metals (d) inert gas
18. Second electron affinity While answering these questions, you are required to choose
(a) Is always negative (energy is absorbed) any one of the following four responses.
(b) Is always positive (energy is released) (A) If both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is
(c) Can be positive or negative a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(d) Is always zero (B) If both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not
19. The lower electron affinity of fluorine than that of a correct explanation of the Assertion.
chlorine is due to (C) If the Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
(a) Smaller size (D) If the Reason is correct but Assertion is incorrect.
(b) Smaller nuclear charge
(c) Difference in their electronic configurations 23. Assertion: Third ionization energy of sulphur is larger
(d) Its highest reactivity than phosphorous.
20. A, B, and C are hydroxy-compounds of the elements X, Reason: There is a larger amount of stability associated
Y, and Z respectively. X, Y, and Z are in the same with filled s- and p- sub-shells (a noble gas electron
period of the periodic table. A gives an aqueous configuration) which corresponds to having eight
solution of pH less than seven. B reacts with both electrons in the valence shell of an atom or ion.
strong acids and strong alkalis. C gives a strongly (a) A (b) B
alkaline aqueous solution. (c) C (d) D
Which of the following statements is/are true? 24. Assertion: Generally, ionization enthalpy increases
I: The three elements are metals. from left to right in a period.
II: The electronegativities decrease from X to Y to Z. Reason: When successive electrons are added to the
III: The atomic radius decreases in the order X, Y, and orbitals in the same principal quantum level, the
Z. shielding effect of the inner core of electrons does not
IV:X, Y, and Z could be phosphorus, aluminum, and increase very much to compensate for the increased
sodium respectively. attraction of the electron to the nucleus.
(a) I, II, III only correct (a) A (b) B
(b) I, III only correct (c) C (d) D
(c) II, IV only correct 25. Assertion: Boron has a smaller first ionization enthalpy
(d) II, III, IV only correct than beryllium.
21. Consider the following statements: Reason: The penetration of a 2s electron to the nucleus
(I) The radius of an anion is larger than that of the is more than the 2p electron hence 2p electron is more
parent atom. shielded by the inner core of electrons than the 2s
(II) The ionization energy generally increases with the electrons.
increasing atomic number in a period. (a) A (b) B
(III) The electronegativity of an element is the tendency (c) C (d) D
of an isolated atom to repel an electron.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) I alone (b) II alone
92 PERIODIC PROPERTIES

26. Assertion: Manganese (atomic number 25) has a less Comprehension based questions
favorable electron affinity than its neighbors on either Paragraph for Questions 28 to 30
side.
Reason: The magnitude of an element’s electron Elements with their electronic configurations are given below:
Answer the following questions:
affinity depends on the element’s valence shell
I: 1s2 2s2
electrons configuration.
II: 1s2 2s2 2p6
(a) A (b) B
III: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
(c) C (d) D
27. Assertion: Electron gain enthalpy becomes less IV: 1s2 2s2 2p3
negative as we go down a group. V: 1s2 2s2 2p5
Reason: The size of the atom increases on going down
28. The element with highest I.E. is:
the group and the added electron would be farther from (a) I (b) III
the nucleus. (c) II (d) V
29. The element with lowest electron gain enthalpy is:
(a) A
(a) I (b) II
(b) B
(c) III (d) IV
(c) C
30. The most ionic compound will be formed between:
(d) D
(a) I and IV (b) I and V
(c) III and IV (d) III and V
174 ANSWER KEY
CHAPTER - 2: PERIODIC PROPERTIES

Exercise - 1: Basic Objective Questions

1. (d) 2.(b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 77. (d) 78. (a) 79. (d) 80. (a)
5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (a) 81. (a) 82. (b) 83. (a) 84. (d)
9. (b) 10. (a) 11. (b) 12. (b) 85. (b) 86. (c) 87. (c) 88. (b)
13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (c) 89. (a) 90. (b) 91. (d) 92. (d)
17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (a) 93. (b) 94. (a) 95. (d) 96. (d)
21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (c) 97. (a) 98. (c) 99. (d) 100. (a)
25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (b) 101. (b) 102. (c) 103. (c) 104. (d)
29. (c) 30. (c) 31. (d) 32. (d) 105. (a) 106. (b) 107. (c) 108. (a)
33. (b) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (a) 109. (b) 110. (d) 111. (a) 112. (a)
37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (c) 40. (c) 113. (a) 114. (a) 115. (c) 116. (b)
41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (c) 117. (c) 118. (a) 119. (c) 120. (a)
45. (c) 46. (c) 47. (d) 48. (a) 121. (d) 122. (c) 123. (d) 124. (a)
49. (a) 50. (a) 51. (d) 52. (c) 125. (c) 126. (d) 127. (c) 128. (a)
53. (b) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (a) 129. (c) 130. (b) 131. (d) 132. (a)
57. (b) 58. (a) 59. (d) 60. (d) 133. (a) 134. (d) 135. (a) 136. (c)
61.(d) 62. (c) 63. (c) 64. (b) 137. (b) 138. (a) 139. (c) 140. (a)
65. (a) 66. (a) 67. (d) 68. (b) 141. (c) 142. (b) 143. (a) 144. (c)
69. (a) 70. (c) 71. (b) 72. (d) 145. (b) 146. (b) 147. (a) 148. (a)
73. (b) 74. (a) 75. (d) 76. (c) 149. (d) 150. (c)
ANSWER KEY 175

Exercise - 2: Previous Year Questions Exercise - 3: Achiever’s section

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (d) 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c)

5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (d) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (d)
9. (b) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (b) 9. (b) 10. (a) 11. (d) 12. (b)
13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (a) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (c)
17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (c) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (d) 21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (a) 24. (a)
25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (c) 28. (a)
25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (c)
29. (b) 30. (a) 31. (c) 32. (a)
29. (b) 30. (d)
33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (b)
37. (c) 38. (c) 39. (d) 40. (d)
41. (d) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44. (a)
45. (d) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (b)
49. (c) 50. (d) 51. (a)