OPF College Islamabad

COMPUTER SCIENCE

Class 7th Unit 5: Digital Citizenship

Q: Fill in the blanks.

1. ICT stands for Information and Communication technology.

2. Computer ethics refers to what is right and what is wrong while using digital
technology.
3. When we are online, it is very important to protect our computer, data and ourselves.
4. Intellectual Property refers to innovative and creative ideas as result and outcome of
research.
5. Any illegal activity committed via computer and internet technology is known as
Cybercrime.
6. Presenting someone else’s work or idea as your own without consent is referred as
plagiarism,
7. Vandalism is a process that uses a program to perform malicious function like erasing
or extracting data from the hard disk.
8. Social networking allows people to communicate and share digital photos and veios
with friends and family.
9. Global positioning system is abbreviated as GPS
10. Online auction is a service provided to sell or purchase products or services to the
person who bids the highest price.

EXERCISE QUESTIONS AND EXTRA QUESTIONS

Q1: What is Intellectual property right?

Ans: Intellectual property rights means a copyright, a legal right of a producer of a product such
as software or poetry etc. A producer has right to sue if someone violates the copyrights.

Q2: What is privacy? How can you protect yourself from online theft of your personal
information.

Ans: Privacy: Privacy is the protection of personal data from those who should not have access
to it.

Ways to protect yourself from online theft:

Following are the ways to protect yourself while using digital technology:
 1. Use computer in responsible way that shows respect to everyone online.
2. Never use bad languages while using social websites.
3. Do not use computer to harm others.
4. Do not use copyright software which you have not purchased.
5. Do not share your personal information while using technology.a

Q3: Define cybercrime? And name different online cybercrimes

Ans: Cybercrime: An illegal activity committed via computer and internet technology is
known as cybercrime. It may be committed by an undividual or a group by having illegal access
to computers.

Different online cybercrimes:

Following are some of the online cybercrimes.

1. Information Theft
2. Intentionally causing physical or mental harm
3. Stealing money via online banking
4. Copyright violation
5. Spreading viruses or rumors.
Q4 What constitutes ethical issues in digital environment?

Ans: Today we live in a digital world where our activities have moved online. There are many
ethical issues in digital environment, some are given below:

 Misuse of personal information

 Misinformation and deep fakes
 Immoral use of data and resources

Q5: Discuss the advantages of medical assistance.

Ans: Medical assistance is also known as health assistance. It has following advantages:

1. It is possible to consult and get advice from the doctors around the world in real time.
2. Doctors are using computers to store patients data.
3. Digital technology is used to monitor progress of patients and find cures.
4. It is also used to examine the internal organs of human body and diagnose diseases.

Q6: Write steps of ethical use of computer.

Ans: Following are the guidelines to ethically use computer.

 Do not computer to harm others.

 Do not spread fake news using internet.
 Do not use pirated software.
  Do not view others information without permission.
 Do not use bad language or hate comments while using technology.

Q7: What is plagiarism?

Ans: Plagiarism refers to presenting someone else’s work or idea as your own without consent
of original creator.

Q8: What are benefits of social networking?

Ans: Benefits:

 It allows people to share and communicate with friends and family.

 It helps businesses to advertise and sell products.
 It allows computer users to participate in discussions.
 It helps people to inform about events held in any part of the world.

Q9: Who is a cyber scout?

Ans: Cyber scout is a student with unique aim to promote awareness about cyber crimes in
society.

Q10: Enlist major online activities in cyber world.

Ans: Following are some online activities:

1. Social Networking
2. Online banking
3. Internet surfing
4. Audio & Video Conferencing
5. Online entertainment
6. Map Direction/GPS
7. Online Education
8. Online Auction
9. Online Shopping
10. Medical Assistance
11. Online Games
 OPF College F-8/2, Islamabad
COMPUTER SCIENCE

Class 7th Unit6:Entrepreneurship in digital age

Q: Fill in the blanks.

1. The act of starting and running your own business is known as entrepreneurship.
2. Entrepreneurship is applying the innovation to bring the dreams in to reality.
3. Design thinking is the process for creative problem solving which leads to better
products.
4. Design thinking is an iterative process.
5. There are five stages of design thinking.
6. Prototype is an experimental stage.
7. Organizing society in a way that it can exist for long term is called sustainable
development.
8. Testing is done to ensure whether the suggested prototype is producing the desired
out put or not.
9. The main objective of empathize is to identify user needs and behaviours.
10. Ideatestageenablethedesignertogenerateideasandthinkoutsidethebox.

EXERCISEQUESTIONSANDEXTRAQUESTIONS

Q1:Whatisdesignthinkingprocess?

Ans: Design thinking is a process for creative problem solving which leads to better products
and internal processes. It is an iterative process that teams use to understand user’s requirement,
redefine problems and create innovative solutions to prototype and test. It involves o going
experimentation like sketching, prototyping, testing and ideas.

Q2:Explain the stages of design thinking process.

Ans: There are five stages of design thinking process

Stage1. Empathize: It is the first step of design thinking process. The main objective of
empathize stage is to identify users need and behaviors. Design teams conduct research to know
the exact requirement of user.
Stage 2. Define: Information gathered in empathized stage is further analyzed to define the core
problems. These definitions are called problem statements.

Stage3. Ideate:The outcomes of the two previous stages enable a designer to generate ideas and
think out of the box.

Stage 4: Prototype: This is an experimental phase. Its objective is to identify the best possible
solution for each problem found.

Stage 5: Test: Finally the prototypes are evaluated using different evaluators to test whether the
prototype is producing the desired output or not.

Q3:How do you emphathize design thinking?

Ans: Emphathize is the first step of design thinking process. The main objective of empathize
stage is to identify users need and behaviors. Re-emphathize is to research. So, we should
constantly remind ourselves to question everything which we observe instead of judging. We
should also listen to others open-mindedly rather than being bias.

Q4:What is sustainable development?

Ans: Sustainable development is the way of organizing society so that it can exist for the long
term. For example: using recycled materials or renewable resources to make a new product.

Q5:What goals are needed to be achieved to ease world population?

Ans: Following are the goals are needed to be achieved to ease world population:

1. Quality education
2. Good health and well being
3. No poverty
4. Zero Hunger’
5. Clean water and sanitation.

Q6.What are key challenges in sustainable development?

Ans: Following are key challenges in sustainable development:

1. Instability: like conflict between nations

2. Implementation: like ensuring programs fit to local context
3. Governance: like political will to transform development programs into sustainable long
term practices.
Q7.What is design thinking?

Ans: Design thinking is the process for creative problem solving which leads to better products
and internal processes.

Q8:What is the purpose of innovation?

Ans: The purpose of innovation is to come up with new ideas and technologies which increases
the productivity with the same output.

Q9:Howwouldyoudefineentrepreneurship?

Ans: Entrepreneurship is defined as the act of starting and running your own business .An
entrepreneur is the person who is running his own business.

Q10:What abilities does design thinking develop in children?

Ans: Following are the abilities design thinking developing children.

1. Creative confidence to respond new challenges.

2. Ability to embrace failure ,risk taking
3. Ability to identify and define solutions in innovative way.
4. Ability to learn, unlearn and relearn
5. Understanding the value of collaboration and feedback.
 3rd Term Syllabus
Islamiat Class 7th

 Surah Qadar (Oral)

 Surah Taha Ayat No. 25-28 (Translation)

Chapters:

1. Zakat
2. The Farewell Hajj
3. The Last Journey
4. Equality
5. Dignity of Labour
6. Rights of People
7. Moderation
8. Hazrat Ayesha (RA)
9. Baba Farid Ganjshakar (RA)
(Objective)
 Surah Qadar (Oral)

Surah Taha Ayat No. 25-28 (Translation)

Translation:
Musa (Moses) prayed: ‘O my Lord, expand my breast for me.
And make my task easy for me. And untie the knot from my
tongue. That people may understand (easily) what I say.
Subject : Islamiyat
Class :7th
Lesson: Zakat
Page # 13-15
 ZAKAT
Q1: What is ‘Zakat'? How has the Qur’an shown us the importance of
‘Zakat'?
Answer: Zakat is one of the most important pillars of Islam. The word
Zakat means purification. It is a charity which is compulsory for all adult
and free Muslims who have a minimum amount of wealth. This minimum
amount is called Nisab, which is fixed every year according to inflation.
After Salat , giving of Zakat is the most important obligation of Muslims.
The Qur’an has ordered the payment of Zakat in several places, and has
emphasized the importance of Zakat along with the offering of the five
daily prayers. The Qur’an says:
‘So establish regular prayer and give Zakat, and hold fast to Allah. He is
your protector -- the best to protect and the best to help.’
( Surah Al Hajj,22:78)
Q2: How does Zakat benefit the society?
Answer: Islam gives great importance to helping the
poor and the needy . Zakat is a way of ensuring that
the rich do not forget the needs of the less fortunate
in a society and that it is their duty to help and take
care of the poor. Zakat builds a considerate and
sympathetic society where wealth does not selfishly
get collected only in the hands of a few but is shared
by the needy as well. It ensures a prosperous and
more equitable economy.
Q3: What is ‘Sadqa'? Explain its importance in the light of
Hadith?
Answer: Sadqa is a voluntary charity. It is any act of giving
out of compassion, love, or generosity.
The Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬said, ‘Even meeting your
brother with a cheerful Face is charity.’
He ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬also said,' Charity is a necessity for
every Muslim’. He was asked: ' What if a person has
nothing?’
The Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬replied: ' He should work
with his own hands for his benefit and then give something
out of such earnings in charity.’
Q4: What kind of wealth is Zakat payable upon?
What is its rate?
Answer: Zakat is payable not only on cash but also on
gold, silver and some possessions like the raw material
used in manufacturing of industrial goods. The wealth
must be the property of the person for a period of at
least one year before Zakat becomes compulsory on it.
The rate of Zakat is 2.5% on cash, gold or silver. Other
kind of wealth or belongings like cattle, harvest, etc.
have other rates.
Q5: Explain the following:
i. To whom Zakat can be given:
Answer: Zakat is the duty of all wealthy Muslims towards the poor, and it is
the right of deserving Muslims. Zakat can be given to people and for the
reasons as specified in Surah Tauba, verse 60:
• The poor and the needy
• To free captives
• To help debtors pay their debts (if they cannot afford to)
• To the travellers
• To the cause of Allah
• To those who collect Zakat
ii. To whom Zakat cannot be given:
Answer: Non-Muslims and directly dependent relatives, like one’s children
and parents, are not entitled to Zakat.
Q6: What is ‘Nisab’?
Answer: Zakat is a charity which is compulsory
for all adult and free Muslims who have a
minimum amount of wealth. This minimum
amount is called Nisab, which is fixed every year
according to inflation.
Fill in the blanks:
1. Zakat means purification.
2. The rate of Zakat is 2.5% on cash , gold or
silver.
3. The minimum amount of wealth which is fixed
for Zakat is called Nisab.
4. Allah says in the Qur’an:” So establish regular
prayer and give Zakat”.
5. Sadqa is voluntary charity.
 The Farewell of Hajj
&
The Address ofThe Holy Prophet‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬
Q1: When did the Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬start his journey for the Farewell Hajj?
Answer: After the conquest of Makkah and establishing the true faith of Islam, the
Prophet ‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬sent missions all over the Arabia inviting the people to Islam.
By AH10, almost all of Arabia had accepted Islam.
The Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬now decided to perform a pilgrimage to the House of
Allah. This is also called 'Hajj-tul-Wida’ or the Farewell Hajj.
The Prophet started his journey on 25th Zi’qad AH10, along with 124,000 Muslims.
Q2: Where is the Mount of Mercy situated?
Answer: The Mount of Mercy or Jabl-e- Rehmat is situated in the plain of Arafat in
Makkah.
Q3:Which Ayat of the Qur’an was revealed last?
Answer:
The last Ayat of the Qur'an to be revealed was Surah Al- Maida, Ayat 3.
”‫س ََل َم دِينًا‬
ْ ‫اْل‬ َ ُ‫“ا ْلیَ ْو َم أ َ ْك َم ْلتُ لَكُ ْم دِينَكُ ْم َوأَتْ َم ْمت‬
ِ ْ ُ‫علَ ْیكُ ْم نِ ْع َمتِي َو َر ِضیتُ لَكُم‬
“This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and
have chosen for you Islam as your religion.”
Q4: When and Where did Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬gave his last Address (Khutba)?
Answer: On9th Zil-Hajj, when all Muslims had gathered in Arafat,the Prophet ‫صلی ہللا‬
‫ علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬gave his last Khutba from ‘Jabl-e-Rehmat’ or the Mount of Mercy.

Q5: Write down an extract from the Holy Prophet ‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬farewell address?
Answer:
The following is an extract from the Prophet’s ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬Farewell address:
‘People , listen to my words! I do not know whether I will be with you again after this
year. You will surely meet your Lord and He will ask you about your actions.’
‘O, people, return the goods entrusted to you, to their rightful owners. Do not wrong
anyone so that you may be wronged. Do not charge interest on money. Do not be
unjust.’
‘All past rights of revenge are now abolished.’
‘Beware of Satan; do not allow him to make you do big or small sins.’
‘You have rights to your wives and they have rights over you. Treat them kindly. You
have taken them under Allah’s trust.’
‘O, people , listen to me : worship Allah, say your five daily prayers, fast in the month of
Ramadan, give Zakat and perform Hajj if you can afford it.’’
‘No Arab is superior to a non-Arab or a non-Arab to an Arab. No white is superior to a
black or a black toa white, except in piety.’
‘Every Muslim is the Muslim’s brother. It is not right to take from him what he does
not give you willingly.’
‘O, people, no other Prophet will come after me, nor other religion. Understand my
words. I am leaving with you two things, the Qur’an and the Sunnah. If you follow these
you will not go wrong.’
‘All those who are present here should convey my words to those who are not here.’
After completing his address, the Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬asked the people, ‘Have I
conveyed the message?’ Everyone answered loudly, ‘Surely, surely!’
Then he ‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬looked towards the sky and said , Be my witness, O Allah! I
have conveyed Your message to Your people.’

Fill in the blanks:

1. The Mount of Mercy is located in Arafat in Makkah.
2. The Prophet ‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬performed Hajj in AH10.
3. The Prophet started the journey for Hajj on 25 Zi’qad AH10 along with 124,000
Muslims.
4. The Prophet performed Hajj which is known as ‘Hajj- tul- Wida’.
((.‫حجة الوداع‬
 The Last Journey of the Holy Prophet ‫ّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬
‫صلی ہ‬
Q1: What did the Holy Prophet ‫ّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬
‫صلی ہ‬ say to Hazrat Fatima (R.A) in the presence of
Hazrat Ayesha (R.A)?
Answer: By AH11, the light of Islam had spread all over Arabia and even to some
neighbouring countries. A firm foundation of the true faith had been laid. The Holy
Prophet‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬spent most of his time praying and was now ready to leave for the eternal
world. The Holy Prophet ‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬knew about this as he had once mentioned to his
beloved daughter Hazrat Fatima (R.A) in the presence of Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) ,he whispered
something to Hazrat Fatima (R.A) hearing which she was suddenly sad and then he
whispered to her again and she smiled. Later Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) enquired from Hazrat
Fatima (R.A) what had been said, she recounted that'first her father told her that he would
soon leave this world at which she was sad, but then he said that she would soon join him at
which she became happy.’
Q2:To whom did the Holy Prophet Muhammad ‫ّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬
‫صلی ہ‬ appointedfor leading the
prayerduring his illness?
Answer: The Holy Prophet Muhammad‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬shifted to the hujra (room) of Hazrat
Ayesha(R.A) which was in thecompound of theMasjid-e-Nabvi. He‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬continued
leading the prayers until he ‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬could not do so any more.
He‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬then asked Hazrat Abu Bakr(R.A), who had the honour of leading prayers
earlier too, to lead the prayer when he, the Prophet ‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬was seriously ill.
Q3: How did Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) address the Muslims after the death of Holy Prophet ‫صلی‬
‫? ہ‬
‫ّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬

Answer: On hearing the news of the Holy Prophet’s‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬passing away, Muslims went
into a deep sense of depression and despair. No one was ready to accept the sad fact. When
Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) got the news, he rushed to Hazrat Ayesha’s (R.A) house to find out
the truth. When it was confirmed, he came out and addressed the shocked people who were
waiting outside. ‘If anyone worshippedMuhammad‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬he is no more, but if anyone
worships Allah, He is alive and immortal.’ Listening to this, the confusion that prevailed was
over. The Muslims finally realized and accepted the sad truth,' We all come from Allah. And
to Him do we return.’
Fill in the blanks:
1. The Holy Prophet ‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬passed away on 12th Rabi-ul-Awal 11thAH.
2. The Holy Prophet ‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬was laid to rest in the room of Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) in
Masjid- e-Nabvi.
3. The Holy Prophet ‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬breathed his last at the age of 63.
4. Hazrat Abu-Bakr(R.A)had the honour of leading prayers during Prophet’s ‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ‬
‫ وسلم‬illness.
 Equality
Q1: What does Allah say about equality?
Answer: Allah says about equality:
‘O Believers! Stand firmly for Allah as witnesses to justice and do not let hatred ofothers
make you do wrong and move away from justice'.
Q2: Name the two non-Arab Sahaba who lived in Madina in the times of the Holy Prophet ‫صلی‬
‫? ہ‬
‫ّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬

Answer: The two non-Arab Sahaba who lived in Madina in times of the Prophet ‫صلی اللہہعلیہ وآلہ‬
‫وسلم‬were Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A)and Sohaib Roomi(R.A).

Q3: What did the Holy Prophet ‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬say in his farewell address about equality?
Answer: Our dear Prophet‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬in his farewell address at Hajja-tul-wida stressed the
equality of mankind. He said, ' O people your Allah is one your father is one (Adam). You
are all made of moist earth. For Allah ,the best amongst you is the one who is the most
virtuous. No Arab is more respectable than non_Arab , neither is a white or red better than a
black or otherwise . Virtue is the only basis ofhonour'.
Q4: Give an example of equality from Prophet ‫ صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬life?
Answer: The Holy Prophet ‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬was an example of equality throughout his life. He
made no distinction between masters and slaves, rich and poor, Arab and non-Arab,
Mohajirsand Ansar. Hazrat Bilal (R.A) was a black slave before he accepted Islam but he
was highly respected among his companions for his piety. Hazrat Zaid ( R.A) was also a
slave, but he was freed and adopted as a son by the Prophet‫صلی ہّٰللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬.
The locals of Madina and the homeless migrants of Makkah who took refuge there, lived like
brothers. Foreigners who became Muslims, like Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A) and SohaibRoomi
(R.A) were treated with great respect by the Arab chiefs.
Fill in the blanks:
1: Allah calls us Ashraf-ul-Makhlooqat.
2: Hazrat Shoaib Roomi and Hazrat Salman Farsi (R.A) were treated with great respect by the
Arab chiefs.
3: Islam teaches us equality and justice among all humans.
4: If a person wants to earn respect he should be pious.
 Islamiat Class VII

Dignity of Labour

 Answer the following questions.

Q:1 What do you mean by dignity of labour and how do we not depend on others?
Ans: Labour means physical work or working with your hands or body. In our society
people usually look down on those who do physical labour. But working with your
hands to earn an honest living is as respectful as doing any other job.
A person who is ready to work with his own hands will not be dependent on anyone.
He will participate in the development around him. His family and the society will
benefit from his participation and not find him a burden. He will not be left begging
and penniless and will have self respect. He will never be proud and arrogant and look
down on people with lesser means.
Q:2 Give examples of hard work from Prophet's (PBUH) life?
Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) himself always participated in work along his
companions. He (PBUH) took an active part in the construction of Masjid-e-Nabvi
alongside everyone. At time of Battle of Ahzab he (PBUH) joined the Sahaba (RA) in
digging the trench around Madina and dug at the hardest part.
While travelling with others, he always helped when the caravan stopped during his
journey. Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) made arrangements for eating, resting and
sleeping over for everyone. He (PBUH) would also collect firewood. At home he
(PBUH) helped his wives in their housework. He (PBUH) milked the goats, brought
firewood and helped in cooking and he (PBUH) even washed and repaired his own
clothes.
Q:3 What were the professions of different Prophets?
Ans: Most of the Prophets of the past did physical work. Hazrat Ibrahim (AS) Hazrat
Moosa (AS), Hazrat Sohaib (AS) and Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) were all shepherds.
Hazrat Noah (AS) and Hazrat Zakariya (AS) both knew carpentry. Hazrat Dawood
(AS) made coats of armour and swords from steel.

 Fill in the blanks.

1. The Prophet (PBUH) helped his wives in their housework.

2. The Prophet (PBUH) joined Sahaba (RA) in digging the trench.
3. Labour means physical work or working with your own hands.
4. There is nothing sweeter than enjoying the fruit of your own labour.
 Chapter: Rights of People

Q:1 Explain two kinds of rights.

Ans: There are two kinds of rights, rights of Allah , and the rights of people. Allah's rights
are that we worship and obey him sincerely. We fulfill this when we offer Salat,
observe fasting in Ramazan, give Zakat, and perform Hajj.
People have rights on us too. They have the rights to our time, our money, our
affection, help, guidance, hospitality etc.
Among these people are our parents and family, relatives, neighbours, guests, the sick,
the needy, the travelers, our servants and all those we come across.
The closest and the most important are our parents and children. Next, it is our
relatives who deserve our attention.

Q:2 Explain the rights of relatives in the light of Quran and Hadees.
Ans: Rights of Relatives
As Muslims ,we are told to look after our relatives. We must help them if they need
anything. When giving charity, we must first see if any of our relatives need it, and if
so, it should be first given to them. With our help, they will not go to strangers,
begging for help. As they have a right on us, it is our duty to help them before things
get worse.
Importance in Quran
The Quran emphasizes the rights of the relatives. Allah says in the Quran:

"And give to the kinsman his due and to the Miskin (poor) and
to the wayfarer. But spend not wastefully (your wealth) in the
manner of a spendthrift." (Surah Al-Isra: 17:26)

Importance in Hadees
Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) said:
"One who cuts off relations with his relatives will not go to paradise."
Q:3 How would you welcome a guest? Do the guest have any responsibilities?
Ans: Guests should be welcomed and treated with respect. They should be given proper
attention, fed well, made as comfortable as possible. Guests bring Allah's blessings
and must be treated well.
Guests are also instructed not to put their host to much discomfort. If the host is
uncomfortable by their presence or cannot afford to keep them, then they should not
stay for too long and move out.
Q:4 Give an example of hospitality from the lives of the Companions (RA).
Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAW), his wives and his Companions (RA) were always
hospitable to their guest. They gave them whatever they had even if they had to go
without food and comfort. On one occasion, a Sahabi (RA) took a guest to his home,
but when he found out that there was not enough food in the house, he blew out the
light of the lamp. This way the guest ate the food but he did not notice in the darkness
that his host was not eating.
Q:5 What did Prophet (SAW) say about the rights of a sick?
Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) once said, "On the Day of Judgment, Allah will say, " O
Son of Adam(AS), I was sick but you did not come to see me. When the person will
say: "O Allah, You are the God of all , how could I see you? " Allah would answer:
" My servant was sick, but you did not go to see him. If you had gone, you would
have found me there."

Fill in the blanks:

1: Guests bring Allah's blessing and must be treated well.

2: A sick person is close to Allah and he listens to his prayers.

3: Hospitality is very important part of a Muslim's life.

4: There are two kinds of rights.

________________________
Learning Objectives

• To define Moderation
• To explain Moderation in the light
of Qur’an and Ahadith
• Importance of Moderation in Life
Definition of Moderation

The word “Moderation” generally

means “to avoid the extreme” or
“getting extreme” in every matter.

Islam teaches us to be moderate and

balanced in all aspects of life, whether it is
religion, worship, relationships, ideas, or
daily activities.
 MODERATION
Q1: What is meant by moderation?
Answer: Moderation means middle path. In every
field of life, Muslims are told to follow the middle
path. We should neither overdo anything nor do
less than what is necessary. To have a balance in
life is not only a virtue but it is also a secret of
happiness and health.
Islam is based on the laws of justice. Every
Muslim must be just to himself and to others.
Justice teaches us balance and moderation.
Q2:Give an example of Moderation from Holy
Prophet‫'صلى هللا عليه وسلم‬s life?
Answer: Our Prophet (‫ )صللى هللا عليله وآلله وسللم‬told his
companions to be moderate in their lives and in their
dealings with others. When he(‫)صللى هللا عليله وآلله وسللم‬
found that some of his companions prayed all night
and observed fast for several months continuously,
he told them not to overdo it. ‘I pray but also sleep; I
fast but also eat, even though I am truly afraid of
Allah. After all, your bodies also have a right on you.’
Q3: As Muslims, how are we instructed to
spend our wealth?
Answer: We must spend our money
moderately. We must try to be generous,
not wasteful, and caring, not selfish. Islam
dislikes miserliness as much as
extravagance.
 Homework

Write question 1,2 and 3 with answer on school

notebook and learn these answers
 Hazrat Ayesha Siddiqa‫رضہ‬
Q1: Write a brief sketch of Hazrat Ayesha's (R.A) life
Answer: Hazrat Ayesha‫ رضہ‬was the daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq ‫رضہ‬
the closest companion of the Holy Prophet‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬. She was born
after the revelation of Islam when her parents had already accepted the true
faith. She grew up in a truly Muslim environment.
The Holy Prophet married her just before the migration to Madina. She was
given the title of siddiqa, the truthful, and was often called al
siddiqabintelSiddiq (the truthful daughter of a truthful father).
Q2: Write down a few qualities of Hazrat Ayesha (RA).
Answer: She was lively, beautiful and very intelligent and was the favourite
wife of theHoly Prophet‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬. She was a keen observer and a
quick learner.
She was generous lady and would help the needy any way she could. Not only
this, she was hospitable and for giving and never indulged in speaking ill of
anyone.
She joined the Prophet‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬in his prayers at home and often said
late night prayers (tahajjud) along with him.
Being a courageous and brave lady, she took part in Ghazva-e-uhad and
Ghazva-e-khandaq.
As she had a very special place in the Prophet’s‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬life,he asked
to be shifted to her room when he became sick. She nursed him lovingly, until
he passed away a few days later. He is buried in her apartment.
Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) was young when she became a widow and lived 48 years
after that. She was the rules of all the four khulafa-e-Rashideen (R.A) and was
much respected by them.
Q:3 What do you know about the knowledge of Hazrat Ayesha (RA)?
Answer: Since she was so close to the Prophet‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬and had learnt
and observed so much in his company, she was a great source of guidance and
knowledge for the Muslims. They asked for solutions to their problems in the
light of her knowledge and she helped them with her advice. Her memory was
remarkable. Several hundred Ahadith were recorded through her. She knew
better than anyone else, the practices and traditions of theProphet ‫صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ‬
‫وسلم‬. She was the most reliable source of the interpretation of the Quran.
Fill in the blanks:
1: Hazrat Ayesha‫ رضہ‬lived48 years after the death of Holy Prophet ‫صلی ہللا علیہ‬
‫وآلہ وسلم‬.
2: Hazrat Ayesha‫ رضہ‬was the daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq‫ رضہ‬.
3: Hazrat Ayesha‫ رضہ‬was given the title of siddiqa.
4: Holy Prophet‫ صلی ہللا علیہ وآلہ وسلم‬was buried in the apartment of Hazrat
Ayesha‫ رضہ‬.
5: Hazrat Ayesha‫ رضہ‬was respected by all of the fourkhulafa-e-Rashideen.
6: Hazrat Ayesha‫ رضہ‬took part in Ghazwa-e-uhad and Ghazva-e-khandaq.
 Islamiat Class VII

Baba Farid ud Din Ganj-e-Shakar

Fill in the blanks.

1. Baba Farid ud Din Ganj-e-Shakar was born in 1179 in Khotwal.

2. Farrukh Shah was the direct descendant of Hazrat Umer RA.
3. Ganj-e Shakar was the title of Baba Farid.
4. Baba Farid is buried in Pak Pattan.
5. Baba Farid died in state of Sajda.
6. Baba Farid's Mazar was constructed by his disciple Khawaja Nizamuddin Ayubi.
7. Farrukh Shah was the king of Kabul.
8. Baba Farid wrote Sufi poetry for common people.
9. Baba Farid is recognized as the first well known Sufi poet of Punjabi Language.
10. Baba Farid had completed his early religious education at the age to 7.
 Őƙ
Ƙnjƹƶǎ 峭䰮ⳤ‫ى‬ᤗ
寷㌤ᶣ很‫ت࢑ا‬咍⬧‫ا‬

(◆)‫ر‬䜛‫ Ⳣرۃا‬
(ᷗᔊ‫ )◆و‬28娛徰‫حآ‬婧‫ Ⳣرۃ‬: ㌑‫ ُد‬媛‫آ‬㟥 
1427،6114‫࡚رى‬ゞ(ᷗᔊ) ‫ىﷺ‬嗼忱‫د‬ⓥ‫ ا‬
(◆) ㌑‫ ُد‬㷨ࠑ⸞ࢌ塴
ِ 
‫ق‬⡟‫ا‬
‫ت‬嗼✆
ِ ‫ہ‬㏠ 
㙆㷨‫ روزہاوراس‬
‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 
㌤㣔‫و‬䅎垆‫زِز‬㈲‫دہ‬⡜㷨 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 
‫روى‬婨咍 
‫ر‬忲‫ ⨐وتاورا‬
‫★ل‬㨷
ِ 
(㇒‫و‬僤)‫آداب‬㺸‫ا⤔ل‬㺸廝⡜‫كوو‬剚‫ا‬和㣡 
(㇒‫و‬僤) 岤‫ا‬㷨㐇啵‫ ا⬧م‬
 (◆) ‫ر‬䜛‫Ⳣرۃا‬

( ᷗᔊ ‫ )◆ و‬28娛徰‫حآ‬婧‫ Ⳣرۃ‬:㌑‫ ُد‬媛‫آ‬㟥

峤➵‫دا‬㨱峤匇吴啵䂺‫ے‬哶Ṏ㱾⺾‫اس‬寄‫ࡤدےاور‬㱾戆䒭‫ےوا‬哶‫اور‬䶵 !‫رب‬
ّ 哶‫ اے‬:ᷗᔊ
‫۔‬㨱㜍ㅨ‫ا‬啵峭㥵尫㷨‫ں‬䧩㋋‫اور‬೧㱾‫ں‬ᠢ‫ر‬㑴匇吴 (⡞)‫دوںاور‬喑匇吴 (⡞)‫اور‬
 (ᷗᔊ) ‫ىﷺ‬嗼忱‫د‬ⓥ‫ا‬

6114‫࡚رى‬ゞ

‫۔‬㷟‫ر‬ୢ㞑࿀‫آپ‬ᄭ‫ا‬㞺‫و‬㺸㔊Ṏ嵗‫روہ‬㟋ㇰઃ峤‫ان‬ᄶṎ媎‫روہ‬㟋ㇰ :ᷗᔊ

1427‫࡚رى‬ゞ

‫۔‬嵗୩⸞ᡀ孆㺸媾ᡀ孆䆨‫وا‬࿀‫ اُو‬:ᷗᔊ

(◆)㌑‫ ُد‬㷨ࠑ⸞ࢌِ塴

‫⸞۔‬弥‫ا‬ທ㷨‫ت‬㞑亠‫م‬ᝯ㷨‫ںاس‬峤宅‹/孫‹‫ہ‬Ⴤ㷨‫ت‬㬩剙㥃㺸䡠‫ا‬啵 :ᷗᔊ
 ‫ق‬⡟‫ا‬

‫ت‬嗼✆‫ہ‬㏠ 
‫۔‬徃䟣‫ن‬堆㥃 ( )࿀‫اب‬Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈 :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫؟‬䅋‫دى‬ᡀ⡜㺸㨵‫ل‬䵠㷨‫ت‬嗼⭓ ‫۔‬1
ᡀ⡜㺸之‫د۔‬ ᡀ⡜㺸䂺 ‫ج۔‬ ᡀ⡜㺸ⳤ‫ر‬人 ‫ ب۔‬ᡀ⡜㺸伶‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
‫؟‬嵗㷩儭㥃ʀ‫۔ َ׊ ِٱ‬2
䆨‫وا‬೵‫د۔‬ 䆨‫وا‬嬸ਯ ‫ج۔‬ 䰍‫وا‬嬸䴲 ‫ب۔‬ 䆨‫وا‬嬸૾ ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
‫؟‬ᣗ㦎‫اد‬ᗚ㷨᷁‫ا‬㐥䡠‫انا‬㇌‫امر‬㨱୤ゆ䰍‫وا‬嬸峤⿸啵吶懔ḟ
ِ ‫۔‬3
1400 ‫د۔‬ 1300 ‫ج۔‬ 1200 ‫ب۔‬ 1100 ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
:ᡁ‫م‬嗚㥃䰍‫وا‬嬸㨱‫ى‬㑴‫د‬ᥴ὞㥃‫ت‬嗼 ‫۔‬4
䪮ୢ‫ا‬ ‫د۔‬ Ṛୢ‫ج۔ ا‬ ‫اب‬㨯俄 ‫ہ ب۔‬兯૽䭰‫۔ و‬䚴‫ا‬
‫؟‬嵗㷩儭㥃㞓㌑ ‫۔‬5
䆨‫وا‬嬸‫آ‬啵✭‫ د۔آ‬䆨‫وا‬嬸‫آ‬啵‫ج۔⻑وع‬ 䆨‫وا‬嬸‫آ‬啵ी‫ ب۔‬䆨‫وا‬嬸‫آ‬ᄸ ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬

‫ت‬䆨‫Ⳣا‬乷
‫؟‬嵗‫اد‬喾㷩⸞‫ت‬嗼✆ :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
㺸弥峕‫ر‬㷨‫ں‬婧垏‫ا‬嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‫۔ا‬嵉嘒‫آ✭ى‬㺸䰌ᗐ䡠‫▣رﷺ ا‬㲁嵗抁‫اد‬喾⸞‫ت‬嗼✆ :‫اب‬Ṏ
㺸 ‫۔ابآپﷺ‬徉‫د‬䰮㘄✆⭏㥃‫ام‬㨱‫ء‬嘓‫ऻا‬
ِ 㨱೭㱾 ‫اور▣رﷺ‬೮㱾‫م‬䓫‫ا‬㐣‫ام‬㨱‫ء‬嘓‫ا‬䰋
‫۔‬㻠很‫آ‬媎‫رⳢل‬徉嘒弥㱾೧㥙弥㱾ी
 ‫۔‬䟑徰‫آ‬愡‫ا‬啵‫܉رے‬㺸‫ت‬嗼✆ :2娛‫Ⳣال‬
:嵗‫ى‬垆‫ ار⹢ ِد✪او‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
嵉䨎‫ا‬ᝮ⛪‫رⳢلاور‬㺸䰌ᗐ䡠‫وہا‬䮵‫܉پ‬㺸㩴⸞啵‫دوں‬喑‫رے‬ឨ ‫ﷺ‬乗嵉媎 "
"‫۔‬嵗䆨‫وا‬婤᱑‫ب‬⡛㱾⑼寄䡠‫اورا‬
‫۔‬䟑忱‫د‬ⓥ‫دوا‬啵‫܉رے‬㺸‫ت‬嗼✆ :3娛‫Ⳣال‬
:徉䰮㘄嬸 ‫ ▣رﷺ‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
"‫۔‬嘒弥㱾婨‫اور‬㻠很‫رⳢلآ‬弥㱾婨ी‫ے‬哶‫ا‬䪾‫۔‬嵗⇞峤✆䉺⡜‫تاورر‬嗼‫" اب‬
:徉䰮㘄嬸 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒㲁嵉ᥢ䰮㘄㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ہر‬恗寄ୢ‫□تا‬
"‫۔‬嵗伶‫⸞( آ✭ى‬啵᳥仅㷨‫م‬䓫‫ا‬㐣‫ام‬㨱‫ء‬嘓‫) ا‬伶‫ى‬哶‫ںاور‬峤嘒‫آ✭ى‬啵⽁๵ "
‫۔‬承㨱‫ن‬൞‫م‬嗚㺸 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒啵⿘‫رو‬㷨㲁‫ر‬䰰忱╌ :4娛‫Ⳣال‬
:‫م‬嗚㺸 ‫آپﷺ‬啵⿘‫رو‬㷨㲁‫ر‬䰰忱╌ :‫اب‬Ṏ
㞓㌑ :5 ⻑ⓥ :4 ⚑䰮 :3 ♀‫ا‬ :2 乗 :1
‫؟‬弥䰮㘄‫ن‬൞‫ل‬䵠㷩㷨‫ت‬嗼✆嬸 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 :5娛‫Ⳣال‬
ِ 㲁ᣗ抁‫اد‬喾⸞ᳮ‫دى‬ᕓ⸞成‫آ✭ىا‬㷨之㱾‫د‬⠩㨱‫دے‬ᕓ⸞之愡‫ا‬㱾‫ت‬嗼 :‫اب‬Ṏ
㠕
‫۔‬嵗媎庫䀣弥㱾㷨嬸‫آ‬㺸ፂ㩴‫↕اب‬峤创‫ت‬嗼

‫ت‬䆨‫Ⳣا‬ᙩ
ǖǔ
‫۔‬䟑岤‫ا‬㷨‫ت‬嗼✆‫ۂ‬㏠啵⿘‫رو‬㷨‫آنو ُږ‬㟥 :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
㺸弥峕‫ر‬㷨‫ں‬婧垏‫ا‬嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‫۔ا‬嵉嘒‫آ✭ى‬㺸䰌ᗐ䡠‫▣رﷺ ا‬㲁嵗抁‫اد‬喾⸞‫ت‬嗼✆ :‫اب‬Ṏ
‫۔اب‬嵗徉‫د‬䰮㘄✆⭏㥃‫م‬䓫‫ا‬㐣‫ام‬㨱‫ء‬嘓‫ऻا‬
ِ 㨱೭㱾 ‫اور▣رﷺ‬೮㱾‫م‬䓫‫ا‬㐣‫ام‬㨱‫ء‬嘓‫ا‬䰋
‫۔‬㻠很‫آ‬媎‫رⳢل‬徉嘒弥㱾೧㥙ी㺸 ‫آپﷺ‬
 :嵗‫ى‬垆‫ار⹢ ِد✪او‬
䨎‫ا‬ᝮ⛪‫رⳢلاور‬㺸䰌ᗐ䡠‫وہا‬䮵‫܉پ‬㺸㩴⸞啵‫دوں‬喑‫رے‬ឨ ‫ﷺ‬乗嵉媎 "
"‫۔‬嵗䆨‫وا‬婤᱑‫ب‬⡛㱾⑼寄䡠‫اورا‬嵉
:徉䰮㘄‫ار⹢د‬嬸 ‫▣رﷺ‬
"‫۔‬嘒弥㱾婨‫اور‬㻠很‫رⳢلآ‬弥㱾婨ी‫ے‬哶‫ا‬䪾‫۔‬嵗⇞峤✆䉺⡜‫تاورر‬嗼‫"اب‬
‫۔‬䟑㡘‫وا‬㥃愔ウ㑷䰋㺸㋐▿㷨‫ت‬嗼✆
ِ :2 娛‫Ⳣال‬
୤ゆ啵‫دور‬㺸㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ر‬愈ウৄୢ‫□تا‬ᠢ㷩‫ى‬㑴‫د‬ᥴ὞㥃‫ت‬嗼嬸‫اب‬㨯૽俄᱓ :‫اب‬Ṏ
准‫۔اس‬嵗ᔇ亾䆨‫وا‬嬸㨱‫ى‬㑴‫د‬ᥴ὞㥃‫ت‬嗼㲁‫ا‬峤‫ع‬ᶣ‫ہا‬㍗㞑‫܉‬࿀‫اس܉ت‬㥃᷁‫ا‬㐥䡠‫انا‬㇌‫ام ر‬㨱
䅋‫ى‬䒳啵吶懔‫➶ف‬㺸‫اب‬㨯俄啵㖺➶㑸㺸㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ر‬㥋‫ا‬愈ウ嗚ⵗṎḟᄷ䰋㺸
‫اور‬㙘ⓥ㺸䶺‫آن‬㟥700⸞啵ᷩ嵗1200‫اد‬ᗚ㷨ॡᎹ‫اور‬୤ゆ䰍‫وا‬嬸峤⿸啵ḟ愡‫اسا‬
ِ 䰋㺸ᒟ㺸‫ے‬㏠‫اس‬嬸‫اد‬ᗚ‫࢓ى‬愡‫ا‬㷨᷁‫ا‬㐥䡠‫انا‬㇌‫امر‬㨱୤ゆ㲁徉䁐ᠢᣬ䡴㌑
‫م‬᱑
‫۔‬嵗ᣲ᱑峤‫ں‬㑾‫ح‬㈲㷨⿅‫رو ِزرو‬岤‫وا‬㎪㷨‫ت‬嗼✆‫ۂ‬㏠⸞‫۔اس‬㷩‫ش‬婧‫⿣دت‬
‫۔‬䟑㇩ᚎ㺸‫ت‬嗼✆‫ۂ‬㏠ :3娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫ف‬㈲㷨⠴抁㲁嵗࿀䱰ُ‫دارىآ✭ىا‬吶‫ذ‬㷨弥峕‫ر‬㷨媦垏‫ابا‬ी㺸嬸᱑峤✆⭏㥃‫ت‬嗼 :‫اب‬Ṏ
Ꮩ㷨戆‫د‬很峤ᥢ㨱ྸ㱾‫ے‬㏠㺸‫✆୑ت‬屨㲁嵕‹岫‫۔‬㺸‫⸞رو‬弥‫ا‬ທ‫◰دےاور‬㥃嫻،很ਯ
‫۔‬承㨱‫دارادا‬㨱Ⴤ‫ا‬啵㌤⹢‫وا‬

‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
 ‫‪ ‬روزہاوراِس‪㙆㷨‬‬
‫( ‪堆㥃‬ن‪徃䟣‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈 :1娛‬اب‪)࿀‬‬
‫‪1‬۔ روزے‪൝㍚㱾‬ز܉ن‪:嵉㲇啵‬‬
‫‪㣣ウ‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ‪エ‬اط‬ ‫ب۔ ‪ƬٰŐŶ‬ٵۃ‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔‪ㄯ‬م‬
‫‪2‬۔ ࢌن‪㷨‬ز‪㱿‬ۃ‪:嵗‬‬
‫┰‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ‪㣣ウ‬‬ ‫ب۔ روزہ‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪娚‬ز‬
‫‪3‬۔ ‪侃‬نر‪偾‬نا‪䡷‬رك‪㺸‬آ✭ى‪㍭‬ے‪啵‬ا‪孲‬م‪:嵉ᥢ㨱‬‬
‫‪ᔊ‬او‪㥃怯‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ا‪㌱‬ف‪㥃‬‬ ‫ب۔ ‪㐸‬ہ‪㥃‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ┰‪㥃‬‬
‫‪4‬۔ ر‪偾‬نا‪䡷‬رك‪䯔啵‬ا‪䜛‬ر‪᜙㱾‬ش‪㨱‬و‪:‬‬
‫د۔آ✭ىرات‪啵‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪㍭ᄸ‬ے‪ 啵‬ب۔ دو⨭ے‪㍭‬ے‪ 啵‬ج۔‪ᤗ‬ے‪㍭‬ے‪啵‬‬
‫⹤‪㟣‬ر‪命㦏‬ں⸞‪嵗୩‬؟‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪5‬۔‬
‫‹ر‪密‬ار‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ‪密᥉‬ار‬ ‫ب۔ دو‪密‬ار‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ا‪密愡‬ار‬

‫‪Ⳣ乷‬ا‪䆨‬ت‬
‫Ⳣال‪ :1娛‬روزے‪䚦㺸‬ىاورا‪嵉㷩儭⚑コ‬؟‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬روزے‪൝㍚㱾‬ز܉ن‪ㄯ啵‬م‪嵉㲇‬۔‪ㄯ‬م‪䚦㥃‬ى‪ُ "،嵗儭‬رك‪㥃೧㩴惠 "嗚᱑‬م⸞ ُرك‬
‫‪ㄯ㱾嬸᱑‬م‪嵉㲇‬۔‬
‫⻑‪㑽‬ا‪コ‬ح‪ㄯ啵‬م‪徉‬روزہ‪冥㥃‬م‪㲁嵗抁‬ا‪垏‬نا‪㤷㺸䡠‬ب‪でㅧ⸞媦㷨‬دق⸞‪ِ 㨱䰍‬‬
‫‪㓲‬وب‬
‫آ‪㖻‬ب‪᎘嬸㲢ᚪ‬اورد‪⠩媛壈憇‬ا‪寤‬ت⸞‪ُ ƤŐƃُŬ‬رك‪很᱑‬۔‬
‫Ⳣال‪ :2娛‬روزہر‪㷨㶝‬ا‪࿀岤‬دوا‪ⓥ‬د‪䰰忱‬ر‪承㨱恗ᒌ㲁‬۔‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬ا‪嘒啵忱╌愡‬ا‪㨱‬مﷺ ‪嬸‬ار⹢د‪:徉䰮㘄‬‬
‫" روزہ‪㷨ṟ‬آگ⸞ڈ‪嵢‬ل‪ຩ㺸⺾㩴⸞啵ᝮΉ嵗‬س‪䒳‬ا‪㷨弥‬ڈ‪嵢‬ل‪峤‬۔"‬
 ‫ا‪愡‬اور╌‪▣嵗啵忱‬ر‪嘒‬ا‪㨱‬م ﷺ ‪:徉䰮㘄嬸‬‬
‫" روزہدار‪䰋㺸‬دو‪⿾⠩‬ں‪ :嵉‬ا‪㙌‬ر‪㨱‬ے‪⠩ᠢ‬ش‪嵗Ꮉ峤‬اور‪᱓‬ا‪ᄭ‬رب⸞‪ᠢ㻠勖‬روزے‪㺸‬‬
‫܉‪⠩㍀‬ش‪㻠峤‬۔"‬
‫Ⳣال‪ :3娛‬روزہر‪൞准㥃㶝‬ن‪承㨱‬۔‬
‫‪㟥‬آن◿‪啵‬روزہ‪㺸㇔㘄㷨‬܉رے‪啵‬ا‪:徉䰮㘄嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‬‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ِ :‬‬
‫" اےا‪懔‬نوا‪࿀ᝮ !䪫‬روزہ‪㘄‬ض‪㈲ᳮ嵗䅏㷩‬ح‪䁐䪫ᄸ⸞ᝮ‬ں‪㘄࿀‬ض‪媛䰮㘄嗚)ᝮ㲁Ꮉᡁ䅏㷩‬‬
‫⸞( ߟ⫦۔"‬
‫Ⳣال‪ :4娛‬ر‪偾‬نا‪䡷‬رك‪㺸‬آ✭ى‪㍭‬ے‪㷨‬ا‪൞岤‬ن‪承㨱‬۔‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬ر‪偾‬نا‪䡷‬رك‪㺸‬آ✭ى‪㍭‬ے‪侃啵‬نا‪㌱‬ف‪㥃‬ا‪孲‬م‪嵉ᥢ㨱‬۔ر‪偾‬ن‪㥃‬آ✭ى‪㍭‬ہ‪伶‬‬
‫‪ǖǔ‬‬
‫‪㽽啵‬ار‪㨱‬ا‪㌔㷨䰌ᗐ䡠‬دت‪嵗ᣲ᱑㷨‬۔‪ُ 㐽抁‬ږ‪嵗‬اوراس‪嵗㙆୧㷨‬۔ر‪偾‬نا‪䡷‬رك‪㺸‬‬
‫آ✭ى‪㍭‬ے‪㟥啵‬آن䶺‪嗚‬زل‪峤‬ا۔‬
‫⹤‪㟣‬ر‪㷨‬ا‪岤‬ܬ‪徃‬۔‬
‫ِ‬ ‫Ⳣال‪:5娛‬‬
‫⹤‪㟣‬ر‪㥃‬ذ‪嵗㨱‬۔‪抁‬وہرات‪㌔㷨ᳮ嵗‬دتا‪密愡‬ار‪命‬ں‪㌔㷨‬دت‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪㟥 :‬آن䶺‪Ⳣ㷨‬رۃا‪䜛‬ر‪ِ 啵‬‬
‫⸞‪嵗୩‬۔‪嘒‬ﷺ ‪䯔 " "㲁徉䰮㘄嬸‬ا‪䜛‬رر‪偾‬ن‪㷨‬آ✭ىدسرا‪ᠢ‬ں‪ㇰ㷨‬قرا‪ᠢ‬ں‪᜙啵‬ش‪㨱‬و۔"‬

‫‪Ⳣᙩ‬ا‪䆨‬ت‬
‫Ⳣال‪ :2娛‬روزے‪㺸‬آداب‪൞‬ن‪承㨱‬۔‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬روزہا‪㘄愡‬ضاور‪徰婩‬ا‪㌔屨‬دت‪嵗‬۔اس‪岫䰋‬روزے‪㺸‬آداب‪⛪㥃‬ص‪⠯‬لر‪嵕‹㵧‬۔‬
‫روزے‪㺸‬آدابدرجذ‪:嵉憗‬‬
‫‪1‬۔ روزے‪㌔啵‬دت‪᜙،‬وتاور‪㣣ウ‬و‪㖓‬ہ‪㥃‬ا‪孲‬م‪嵖‹嗚㨱‬۔‬
‫‪2‬۔ روزے‪⠩啵‬د‪ᝯ㱾‬م࢑ا‪径‬ںاور‪峤䀇‬ں⸞ߠ‪嵕‹嗚‬۔⛪ص‪㊓‬ر‪䒳࿀‬ا‪Ữ弥‬ے⸞‪嗚㨱崒࿀‬‬
‫‹‪嵖‬۔‬
‫‪3‬۔ روزے‪὞啵‬ٹ‪⸞䪩ୢ‬ا‪Თ‬ب‪嵕‹嗚㨱‬۔‪ᝯ‬م‪ທ‬ے‪㥃‬م‪Ή‬ر⿡ت‪๵،‬ا‪嗚،媛懔‬پ‪ᠢ‬ل‪㯌啵‬‬
‫اور‪剚‬وٹو‪㖓‬ہ⸞‪嵕‹嗚㨱恙㽻‬۔‬
‫‪4‬۔ روزے‪ㆈ⸞⡞啵‬ورى‪㲁嵗抁‬آپ‪㩴‬دو⨭ےا‪垏‬ن‪㱾‬ا‪ᡀ孆ᄭ‬اورز܉ن⸞‪婨ᛖ‬د‪承‬۔‬
‫ا‪㐶‬لࢌ⸞ا‪ᄭ‬آپ‪媎㱾‬‬
‫‪5‬۔ ا‪㽻‬روزہر‪ी㺸㶝‬ا‪垏‬ن‪὞‬ٹ‪୨،ↂ،㖄،‬ن‪ᔊ‬ا⿽اوردو⨭ے ِ‬
‫ߠ‪ᠢᎹ‬ا‪恜‬آد‪和‬روزے‪㺸‬ا‪丙⸞ᳩ‬وم‪嵗Ꮉ᱑峤‬۔‬
‫Ⳣال‪ :3娛‬روزے‪㺸‬رو‪媛ⓥ‬اور‪㜌媛ᴄ‬ا‪承㨱恗ᒌ府‬۔‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬روزے‪⾛๵㺸‬ر‪㜌‬ا‪⊠⸞啵ᷩ嵉府‬درجذ‪:嵉憗‬‬
‫‪1‬۔ روزے‪㺸‬ذر‪エ婨惪‬فرو‪ิ媛ᴄⴣ୧ઃ嵗ᣲ峤ラⓥ䅎㸱ຩ媛ⓥ‬ر‪徉‬ں‪೧‬دور‪嵉ᣲ峤‬۔‬
‫‪2‬۔ ‪㥃೥‬اور‪⡜ኹ‬ر‪⸞峣‬ا‪垏‬ن‪㱾‬دو⨭وں‪㥃‬ا╔ساور ‪ВǏ‬ٶردى‪ව୤᳨㥃‬ار‪嵗Ꮉ峤‬۔‬
‫‪3‬۔ روزہا‪垏‬ن‪塵㱾‬و‪㌑㥃ㅬ‬دى‪嵗Ꮉ㨱‬۔‬
‫‪4‬۔ روزہ‪ᵛ،ዜ‬اورد‪ิ憇‬ر‪技‬ں⸞ߠ‪嵗Ꮉ‬۔‬
‫‪5‬۔ روزہ‪㷨ᴃ‬ز‪㱿‬ۃ‪ຩ㱾ᴃ惠嵗‬ك‪嬸㨱‬وا‪䆨‬۔‬
‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
 ‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 
‫۔‬徃䟣‫ن‬堆㥃 ( )࿀‫اب‬Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈 :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫؟‬徉‫آ‬ጦी㺸‫وہ‬㓴㨵‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 ‫۔‬1
廃ㇰ ‫د۔‬ ‫ك‬Ꮯ ‫ج۔‬ ╌ُ‫ب۔ ا‬ ‫۔ࢌر‬䚴‫ا‬
‫؟‬㷨‫زش‬⡜‫⻙اور‬㱾嬸㞵㨵㺸‫د‬抉䰋㺸‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 ‫۔‬2
‫ن‬㔒୑ ‫د۔‬ 塽୑ ‫ج۔‬ 惌㟥୑ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ع‬㤞୑ ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
‫؟‬徉‫د‬嬸൝ゆ㨵‫رہ‬倢㥃嬸‫د‬㶠㱾‫ق‬⠗ ‫۔‬3
㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫⸜ا⻸ىر‬吴ୢ‫ب۔ □تا‬ 㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫ ر‬和‫ رو‬ㄵ ‫۔ □ت‬䚴‫ا‬
㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫رⴣر‬㖵‫□ت⭾ن‬ ‫د۔‬ 㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫رىر‬㔕‫ذر‬ୢ‫ج۔ □تا‬
‫ى؟‬࿁‫ٹ‬ቩ啵䕈㺸㺕俬⸞ෂᔇ㷨൝ゆ㨵啵‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 ‫۔‬4
㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫ر‬㐓‫۔□ت‬ ‫ب‬ 㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫ر‬㐸‫۔ □ت‬䚴‫ا‬
㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫در‬佉૽䡠‫ا‬㌗‫□ت‬ ‫د۔‬ 㑦 䡠‫ ا‬㇒‫در‬佉૽墩‫ج۔ □ت‬
‫ا؟‬峤寄㋋‫ہ‬僚⡜‫ن‬㱾啵‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 ‫۔‬5
㥃嬸峤‫܉رش‬ ‫د۔‬ 㥃જُ‫ا‬㺸ⅺ ‫ ج۔‬㥃ᩜᩝ‫ب۔ ⃡ن‬ 㥃㣀⼲
ِ ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
‫۔‬承㨱Ꮂᵤ䬉 :2娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫۔‬ᣗ 4000 ‫اد‬ᗚ㷨㺕俬啵‫ق‬⠗‫وۂ‬㓴 ‫۔‬1
‫۔‬徉‫آ‬啵▞㺸‫ں‬啶‫ آد‬10 ،10 ‫م‬㥃㥃嬸‫د‬㶠‫ق‬⠗ ‫۔‬2
‫۔‬㷩㟃嬸 㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ر‬㐓‫ □ت‬㱾‫ود‬㌗૽‫وا‬㐸 ‫۔‬3
‫۔‬೮㱾 㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫نر‬懔૽愀╏‫ □ت‬䰋㺸ⴣⳢ᱑㷨㺕俬嬸 ‫۔ آپﷺ‬4
‫۔‬㷩㟃嬸 㑧䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ر‬ベ‫ □ت‬㱾‫دى‬抉䰍‫وا‬嬸㨱ⴣⳢ᱑ ‫۔‬5
 ‫‪Ⳣᙩ‬ا‪䆨‬ت‬

‫Ⳣال‪㓴 :2娛‬وۂ‪⠗‬ق‪啵‬ا‪人㷨䰌ᗐ䡠‬داورآپﷺ ‪僚㺸‬ات‪承㨱恗ᒌ䲾㺸‬۔‬

‫✪ا‪人弥‬د‪:‬‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪:‬‬
‫‪1‬۔ ‪㓴‬وۂ‪⠗‬ق‪啵‬ا‪㈲㷨䰌ᗐ䡠‬ف⸞‪࿀䕈㺸㺕俬‬ا‪悇‬آ‪常垆‬اور‪㖵㊓‬نآ‪㲁徉‬ان‪㺸‬‬
‫‪⡂‬اُ‪䅍㴓‬اور‪⡜‬را‪䅏峤ܷᐗ䕈‬۔‬
‫‪2‬۔ ا‪⺙㘄嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‬ں‪⸞ᳮ೮䕈㥃‬ان‪㺸‬د‪䪫‬ں‪⠩啵‬فاورڈر‪䅏ඁ‬۔‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪僚‬ات‪嗼‬ى‬
‫‪1‬۔ آپﷺ ‪僚㺸‬ے‪□⸞㥵࢑㷨‬ت‪࢑᱑‬ر‪㇒‬ا‪㷨㑦䡠‬د‪㑴‬ت‪ᣳ啵‬ر‪䅏㷩‬ا‪ৄ愡‬ى‬
‫‪䨅⡜㥃࠲㺸‬اور‪ᣔ‬ڑے⸞‪㷨Ṏ‬رو‪᭜‬ں‪⡜‬رے‪⠗‬ق‪㶠‬د‪嬸‬وا‪䪫‬ں‪䅌峤㜢㥃䰋㺸‬۔‬
‫‪2‬۔ ‪⠗‬ق‪Ŕljĸُ 㷨‬ٶا‪㺸弥‬دوران⨑⃡نآ‪䅋‬اورآپﷺ ‪㨭嬸‬ال‪ࢾᡀ⡜㺸‬ا‪ㆈ㷨䡠‬ب‬
‫‪ᠢ弥䟣‬ا‪᧕愡‬ا‪ᥴᩝ‬اورآپﷺ ‪⹢嬸‬م‪㷨㖿㷨‬اور⨭خ‪乎‬ں‪▖㺸‬ل‪ࣟ㷨‬رتدى۔‬
‫‪3‬۔ ا ِⴣ‪㈲‬حدو⨭ى‪ㆈ‬ب‪㖵࿀‬رساور‪ᤗ‬ى‪ㆈ‬ب‪ࣟ㷨㖿㷨懫࿀‬رتدى۔‬
‫Ⳣال‪㓴 :4娛‬وۂ‪⠗‬ق⸞‪岫‬ا‪㑃ᄣ‬ز‪䆉垆‬ں⸞‪嵗剡⡼㷩‬؟‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬اس‪㓴‬وہ⸞‪㑃岫‬ز‪啵䅎垆‬ا‪㷨䰌ᗐ䡠‬ذات‪࿀‬ا‪㌴‬د‪俍،‬ورت‪㷨‬ا‪،岤‬ا‪ᄭ‬د‪㖵‬عاور‪䰋㺸ᒟ‬‬
‫‪㈲寄‬ح‪恔᳥㷨‬اور‪㱾㑃◳冦‬ا✔ر‪䆨ⓥ⨑⸞⨑،嗚㨱‬ت‪೧啵‬ا‪⸞䰌ᗐ䡠‬ا‪哴‬اوراس‪㘱㺸‬‬
‫‪㷨‬اُ‪哴‬ر‪嵗剡⡼㥃㶝‬۔‪侃‬نآج‪೧‬ا‪廝仅ᄭ‬اور‪倐‬ت‪懓㨱嘒啵‬ﷺ ‪俍㺸‬ورت‪㺸‬ا‪䪫ㄯ‬ں‬
‫‪㱾‬ا‪㨱Ⴤ‬ا‪ᡀ⡜㺸㒃Ე‬ا‪剚僂ᄭ‬ت‪◳㱾‬و‪ᡀ⡜㺸࢑ᔇ‬ا‪囑‬مد‪䵠㑃㷨找‬ل‪㱾‬ا‪㨱ラⓥ൝咍㥃㨱Ⴤ‬‬
‫⫎‪嵉‬۔‬
‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
 ‫ا⬧مآ܉د‬䍙㥃䒴㽻惱‫ا‬ኸ‫او‬
Őƙ
峭䰮 ⳤ‫ى‬ᤗƘnjƹƶǎ 寷㌤ᶣ

㌤㣔‫اور‬䅎垆‫زز‬㈲‫دہ‬⡜㥃‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒

‫۔‬徃䟣‫ن‬堆 㥃⣜‫در‬࿀‫اب‬Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈‫ ۔‬1娛‫Ⳣال‬

‫؟‬ᥢ䰮㘄ិ徊‫سز‬䆫㸳 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 ‫۔‬1

䆨‫روا‬妊‫و‬壸‫د۔‬ ‫دہ‬⡜‫ج۔‬ 㤔 ‫ب۔‬ ‫رى‬ஸ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬

‫؟‬很㲢‫د‬㨱‫ل‬够ଦᠣ‫‹دراور‬᭛吴㷨‫ر‬㴏㱾൝ゆ 㨵嬸㑧 ‫ اﷲ‬㇒‫ ر‬愒ウ庰㌑‫□ت‬ ‫۔‬2

ǔ ٰ ǖ ǔ ǔ ٰ ǖ ǔ
Ɗ
Ŗƶَْ ͇‫ٱ‬ʊَ ُ䡠‫ ا‬դَ ِ
َ ‫روق َر‬㖵㐸‫ب۔ □ت‬ Ɗ َ
Ŗƶَْ ͇‫ٱ‬ʊَ ُ䡠‫ ا‬դ َ ِ ‫ َر‬愈ウৄୢ‫۔ □تا‬䚴‫ا‬
ǔ ǖ ǔ ǔ ٰ ǖ ǔ
Ŗƶَْ Ɗ ͇‫ ٰٱ‬ʊَ َ ُ䡠‫ ا‬դ َِ ‫ہر‬恗寄ୢ‫د۔ □تا‬ Ŗ ƶَ Ɗ
ْ َ ͇‫ٱ‬
ʊ َ 䡠
ُ ‫ا‬ դَ ِ ‫ َر‬ෂ‫૽ز‬䡠‫ا‬㌗‫ج۔ □ت‬
َ

‫؟‬徉‫ارد‬㟥䨅⡜ 戆୩ 㱾⑼㨵嬸 ‫كﷺ‬ຩ嘒 ‫۔‬3

‫ى‬⡲‫د۔‬ Ṏ ‫ج۔‬ ‫ر‬㴀‫ب۔‬ 㲁⨭‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬

‫؟‬ᡁ㥃⑼㨵࢝㥃 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 ‫۔‬4

悜‫د۔ ر‬ ‫ے‬㥨 ‫ج۔‬ ‫ب۔ ≟ے‬ 弥‫۔ رو‬䚴‫ا‬

:徉‫ارد‬㟥啵媜‫د‬㱾‫آپ‬ᄭ‫ا‬嬸‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 ‫۔‬5
‫ح‬㈲㷨㘄仅‫د۔‬ ‫ح‬㈲㷨凧 ‫ج۔‬ ‫ح‬㈲㷨‫܉ن‬哸 ‫ب۔‬ ‫ح‬㈲㷨‫ن‬呝 ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
‫ا܉ت‬Ṏ ‫تو‬䆨‫Ⳣا‬乷

‫۔‬承㨱惱ᗜ㷨㌤㣔‫اور‬䅎‫د‬⡜‫ا۔‬

Ꮉ㲏㌤㣔 ‫اور‬䅎‫د‬⡜岮‫ر‬㇒‫را‬࿀‫اس‬很᱑剙Ṏ‫اور‬㵧‫ر‬啵‫ے‬废‫وددا‬丗愡‫ا‬㱾‫ں‬ᠢ‫ور‬ㆈᄣ‫اورا‬㯵‫ت⸞ر‬寤‫ا‬⠩‫ورى‬ㆈ㖓‫اب۔‬Ṏ
‫۔‬嵗
 ‫۔‬承㨱恗ᒌ㡘‫وا‬弥㱾㥃 䅎垆‫ز‬㷨‫ ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒࿀ 䅎‫د‬⡜ .2
ǔ ǖ ǔ
㷩 ‫ض‬㍚嬸 ‫ں‬媑‫ا‬ᠢ徉䰮㘄㉘䨅⡜⸞婨⛪尪‫ا‬ᄭ‫ا‬嬸‫ ﷺ‬懓 㨱嘒 㲁嵗徰‫ ⸞روا‬Ŗƶَْ Ɗ ͇‫ ٰٱ‬ʊَ َ 䡠 َ ِ ‫࢑ َر‬᱑ ‫□ت‬.‫اب‬Ṏ
ُ ‫ا‬դ
䨅⡜戆୩㲁⨭" ᣬ嵗‫ر‬䰮㘄‫اورآپﷺ‬䠂嬸㲢嗚㲢 ᡀ⡜㺸‫اوراس‬徉‫ا‬叭⸞‫ا‬嬸‫آپﷺ‬.嵗㲁⨭ ‫ف‬エᠢ ‫س‬ຩ‫رے‬屩
"嵗

‫؟‬ᡁ㸳‫س‬䆫㥃 ‫دنآپﷺ‬㺸‫ل‬で‫ و‬.3

.ᣬ㷟‫ر‬ᄹଦᠣ‫‹دراور‬᭛吴㷨‫ر‬㴏嬸‫دنآپ‬㺸‫ل‬で‫ و‬.ᡁ‫دہ‬⡜徰婩 ‫س‬䆫㥃‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 . ‫اب‬Ṏ

.‫اب‬Ṏ ‫Ⳣال و‬ᙩ

‫۔‬䟑⸞ᙤ嵗‫ل‬䵠戆୩㷨㌤㣔‫اور‬䅎‫د‬⡜䅎垆‫ز‬㷨‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒 :‫Ⳣال‬

‫اور‬䁋᱑嬸Ⳣ،嬸ᇆ∟،帳‫اوڑ‬،᎘嬸㲢㺸‫كﷺ‬ຩ‫ رⳢل‬.嵗‫ل‬䵠㐪‫ا‬愡‫ا‬㷨䅎‫د‬⡜䅎垆‫رىز‬ᄯ㷨‫كﷺ‬ຩ嘒 .‫اب‬Ṏ

୧‫رك‬䰰࢝㥃‫ آپﷺ‬.ᣬ䌑够婨㑿啵嬸㲢㥙ᣬᥢ䰮㘄‫اا⤔ل‬㓱‫دہ‬⡜弥噬‫ا‬啵嬸㲢 .ᡁ婨ᛏ啵⑼㩴㾗
೧㞺‫و‬㺸‫ل‬で‫و‬ᄾ‫س‬䆫‫دہ‬⡜ .ᥢ᱑ඁ剮ᵤ‫ں‬Ṑ࿀‫ش‬㘄徉࿀弥⃡ .ᣗᣲ᱑‫دى‬హ‫⋳ل‬㷨‫ر‬㴀啵ᳮᡁ㥃‫ ࢝≟ے‬.ᡁ‫دہ‬⡜
ዋᎹ㲢‫ح‬㈲㷨‫ں‬䁐䪫‫م‬㌑ .‫ں‬峤‫ن‬垏‫ا‬⡜‫دہ‬⡜愡‫ا‬ᠢ啵 "徉䰮㘄嬸‫ آپﷺ‬.ᣬ很峤ᅔଦᠣ‫‹دراور‬᭛吴㷨‫ر‬㴏嬸‫آپﷺ‬
"‫ں۔‬峤ඃ᩽‫ا‬

-----------------------------------
 ‫‪婨咍‬روى‬

‫‪堆㥃‬ن‪徃䟣‬۔‬ ‫‪Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈‬اب‪࿀‬‬ ‫Ⳣال‪:1娛‬‬

‫‪婨咍‬روى⸞‪亾‬اد‪嵗‬۔‬ ‫‪1‬۔‬
‫ا‪㘄‬اطو‪嗚㨱惂ᙝ‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ا‪㌪‬ال‪嗚㨱‬‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫ا⨭اف‪嗚㨱‬‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ࡼ‪嗚㨱‬‬
‫‪㟥‬آن䶺‪啵‬اُو‪坏‬آواز‪啵‬܉ت‪㷨㨵㱾嬸㨱‬آواز⸞‪ᕓ‬دى‪嵗䅋‬؟‬ ‫‪2‬۔‬
‫اُو‪嚏‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫‪ᣗ孆‬‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫‪䄭‬ڑا‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪嵢㽶‬‬
‫‪㟥‬ان䶺‪䁐䪫嫯啵‬ں‪൞チ㷨‬ن‪嵗䅋㷨‬۔‬ ‫‪3‬۔‬
‫ا‪㌪‬ال⸞✭چ‪嗚㨱‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ࡼ‪嗚㨱‬‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫ا⨭اف‪嗚㨱‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ا‪㘄‬اطو‪ 嗚㨱惂ᙝ‬ب۔‬
‫ا‪㘄‬اط‪嵗儭㥃‬۔‬ ‫‪4‬۔‬
‫‪㢭‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫‪⡞匈‬‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫╌⸞ز‪徉‬دہ‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪㭸୧‬‬
‫‪㟥‬آن䶺‪啵‬اُ‪㟥㱾來䱰‬ارد‪嵗䅏徉‬۔‬ ‫‪5‬۔‬
‫اُ‪惂ᙝ䱰‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫اُ‪✭吵䱰‬‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫اُ‪䱰‬و⩠‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ اُ‪䱰‬ا‪㘄‬اط‬

‫‪Ⳣ乷‬ا‪䆨‬تو‪Ṏ‬ا܉ت‬
‫‪婨咍‬روى‪儭㥃‬و‪冥‬م‪൞‬ن‪承㨱‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪1娛‬۔‬
‫‪婨咍‬روى‪ " 嵉儭㺸‬در‪媛咍‬راہ‪⠩啵勖僂寄惠 "∜࿀‬اہوہد‪ُ 徉峤扳‬د‪媜‬وى‪೧㩴‬ز‪徉‬د‪㨱ߟ⸞㯌徉ᣲ‬‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب۔‬
‫در‪咍‬ن‪㥃‬را⥕ا✔ر‪婨咍㱾嬸㨱‬روى‪嵉㲇‬۔‬
‫ا⬧م‪嬸‬ا‪㘄‬اطو‪㱾䰋㺸ࠑ⸞惂ᙝ‬ن‪⡜‬را⥕د‪嵗徉㲢‬؟‬ ‫Ⳣال‪2娛‬۔‬
‫ا⬧مز‪ᠢ啵勖僂寄㺸䅎垆‬ازن‪㥃‬د‪嵗戆‬۔اور‪ᝯ‬ما‪吴‬ر‪啵‬ا‪㘄‬اطو‪ᘌ㷨ࠑ⸞惂ᙝ‬د‪嵗徱‬۔اس‪岫䰋‬‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب۔‬
‫ز‪ᝯ㺸䅎垆‬م‪剚僂‬ت‪㨱䰍⸞䁋᱑嬸Ⳣ،᎘嬸㲢䵨‬د‪ᣲ⻑僂،扳‬اور‪剚僂⿽僂‬ت‪೧啵‬ا‪㌪‬الاور‪婨咍‬‬
‫روى‪㱾‬ا‪㥃嬸Ⴤ‬درسد‪嵗徱‬۔‬
‫ا⬧م‪嬸‬آواز‪婨咍啵‬روىا✔ر‪㺮㥃嬸㨱‬ں◰د‪嵗徉‬؟‬ ‫Ⳣال‪3娛‬۔‬
‫ا⬧م‪嬸‬܉ت⑕‪啵‬آواز در‪媛咍‬ر‪◰㥃㶝‬د‪嵗徉‬اور‪ઔ‬آواز‪㷨幗㽶㱾‬آواز⸞‪㲁Ṏ嵗㷩୤䲛‬ا‪ທ愡‬ىآواز‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪:‬‬
‫‪嵗‬۔‬
‫روز‪亾‬ہز‪婨咍⸞䅎垆‬روى‪㷨‬دو‪䟑䯼䵠‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪4娛‬۔‬
‫روز‪亾‬ہز‪㌔啵䅎垆‬دتاور✭چ‪婨咍‬روى‪嵉䯼䵠㷨‬۔‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب۔‬
 ‫آج‪㺸‬دور‪婨咍屨啵‬روى‪㹄‬ا✔ر‪嵉⫎㨱‬؟‬ ‫Ⳣال‪5娛‬۔‬
‫آج‪㺸‬دور‪啵‬ز‪ᝯ㺸 䅎垆‬مد‪ᣲ⻑僂،扳‬اور‪剚僂⿽僂‬ت‪啵‬ا‪㌪‬ال⸞‪㥃‬م‪嵕‹䯩‬۔اورا‪㘄‬اطو‪ࠎ⸞惂ᙝ‬‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب۔‬
‫‹‪嵕‬۔‬

‫‪Ⳣᙩ‬ا‪䆨‬تو‪Ṏ‬ا܉ت‬

‫‪㟥‬آن䶺اور╌‪嗼忱‬ىؐ ‪㷨‬رو⿘‪婨咍‬روى‪㷨‬ا‪൞岤‬ن‪承㨱‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪1娛‬۔‬

‫‪㟥‬آن䶺‪婨咍啵‬روى‪㷨‬ا‪:岤‬‬ ‫‪Ṏ‬اب۔‬
‫ا⬧مز‪ᠢ啵勖僂寄㺸䅎垆‬ازن‪㥃‬د‪嵗戆‬۔‪ᝯ岫‬مد‪扳‬ود‪媜‬وى‪剚僂‬ت‪婨咍啵‬روىا✔ر‪嵕‹媛㨱‬۔‪㟥‬آن‬
‫䶺‪啵‬ا‪㥃䰌ᗐ䡠‬ار⹢د‪䝐 ) :嵗‬ن‪(19 :‬‬
‫" اورا‪婨咍啵 ∟ᄭ‬روىا✔ر‪嗚㨱‬اورا‪ᄣ‬آواز‪媽‬ر‪愚㶠‬آوازوں‪ທ⸞⡞啵‬ىآواز ‪嵗㷨幗㽶‬۔"‬
‫دو⨭ى‪ᵤ‬ار⹢د‪:徉䰮㘄‬‬
‫" اوروہ‪䪫‬گ‪✭᱓‬چ‪㘹婨ᠢ嵉ᥢ㨱‬ل✭⑂‪嵉ᥢ㨱‬اور‪嵉ᥢ㨱ⴣ㰑婨‬اور) ا‪✭够‬چ( اندو‪婧‬ں‪㺸‬‬
‫در‪咍‬نا‪㌪‬ال‪嵗Ꮉ峤࿀‬۔" ) ا‪㞑䛉‬ن‪(67 :‬‬
‫╌‪㷨忱‬رو⿘‪婨咍啵‬روى‪㷨‬ا‪:岤‬‬
‫آپ‪エ婨嬸‬ف‪⠩‬د‪婨咍啵勖僂寄‬روى⸞‪㥃‬م‪㱾⡞ઃ䬊‬‬
‫آپ ﷺ‪㷨‬ز‪屩䅎垆‬رے‪嵗婨婁戆୩䰋‬۔ ؐ‬
‫آپ‪:徉䰮㘄嬸‬‬
‫اس‪㥃‬درسد‪徉‬۔ ؐ‬
‫" ‪婨咍‬روىوا‪䆨愒㈲䆨‬زم‪ာ‬و۔ا‪㌪‬الوا‪䰍‬ا‪垆‬از‪㥃‬ا‪孲‬م‪㨱‬و۔"‬
‫ا‪愡‬اور‪冬‬م‪懓㨱ୗ࿀‬ﷺ ‪:徉䰮㘄嬸‬‬
‫" ‪婨咍⺾Ṏ‬روىا✔ر‪嵗Ꮉ㨱‬وہ‪Ꮉ峤媎⣜᠌㥙‬۔"‬
‫‪婨咍‬روى‪⿽僂㺸‬اور‪㜌ᣲ⻑僂‬ا‪䟑府‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪2娛‬۔‬
‫‪婨咍‬روى‪㜌㺸‬ا‪:府‬‬
‫‪婨咍‬روىا✔ر‪⸞嬸㨱‬ا‪⠩䰌ᗐ䡠‬شاوررا‪嵗Ꮉ峤㇒‬۔‬ ‫‪1‬۔‬
‫ا‪垏‬ن᠊د⥢اور ‪嵗Ꮉ᱑ߟ⸞ᾜ不‬۔‬ ‫‪2‬۔‬
‫‪婨咍‬روى⸞ا‪垏‬ن◘قا‪䡠‬اور◘قا‪䘐‬دا╝‪⸞感㈲‬ادا‪嵗Ꮉ㨱‬۔‬ ‫‪3‬۔‬
‫ا‪垏‬ن‪婨咍‬روى⸞‪啵勖僂寄‬ا‪㘄‬اطو ‪嵗Ꮉ᱑ߟ⸞惂ᙝ‬۔‬ ‫‪4‬۔‬
‫‪婨咍‬روىا✔ر‪㨱‬ےࡼاورا⨭افدو‪婧‬ں⸞ߠ‪嵗⫈᱑‬۔‬ ‫‪5‬۔‬
 ‫ر‬忲‫ ⨐وتاورا‬
‫۔‬徃䟣‫ن‬堆㥃 ( )࿀‫اب‬Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈 :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
:嵉儭‫ى‬䚦㺸‫۔ ⨐وت‬1
戇‫ضد‬㟥 ‫د۔‬ 嗚㨱㎗ ‫ج۔‬ 戇‫᾿د‬ᔊ ‫ب۔‬ 戇‫ہد‬府㖵 ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
:嵗‫ادف‬䲗㥃‫ر‬忲‫۔ ا‬2
㣣ウ ‫د۔‬ 媛‫܉‬㟥 ‫ج۔‬ ‫ب۔ ⨐وت‬ ‫ٶردى‬ВǏ ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
:嵗䅋㷨啵‫Ⳣرۃ‬㨵惱ᗜ㷨‫ر‬忲‫ا‬㺸㑨䡠‫ا‬㇒‫امر‬㨱୤ゆ啵䶺‫آن‬㟥 ‫۔‬3
啵寄䒭‫ا‬ ‫د۔‬ 啵恔䐉‫ج۔ ا‬ 啵䐜‫ ب۔ ا‬啵‫ات‬䐆‫۔ ا‬䚴‫ا‬
:ᣬ嵗‫ر‬㨱‫ش‬᜙啵‫ان‬哴㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ر‬愀╏૽‫ل‬ḍୢ‫□تا‬啵‫ك‬吴恗ḟ
ِ ‫۔‬4
㱾௲ᄭ‫ا‬ ‫د۔‬ 㱾圠ஸᄭ‫ ج۔ ا‬㱾弥ஸᄭ‫ب۔ ا‬ 㱾඗ᄭ‫۔ ا‬䚴‫ا‬
:嵗嗚㨱‫م‬噣‫ا‬㨱庫孆‫ر‬䰋㺸‫ن‬㻠‫زد‬䪬䒴‫ز‬徉‫۔ ⶕب‬5
‫ر‬忲‫ا‬㐍 ‫د۔‬ ‫ر‬忲‫ا‬媛ࢌ ‫ج۔‬ ‫ر‬忲‫ا‬䬉䰮 ‫ب۔‬ ‫ر‬忲‫ا‬㢜 ‫۔‬䚴‫ا‬
‫ت‬䆨‫Ⳣا‬乷
‫۔‬承㨱‫ن‬൞‫م‬冥‫و‬儭㥃‫ر‬忲‫ ⨐وتوا‬:1娛‫Ⳣال‬
愡‫۔⨐وتا‬嗚㨱㎗徉戇‫دےد‬嵉儭㺸ᳮ嵗‫ا‬峤‫ا⤔ل‬䛢㥃 "⨐"啵൝㍚䰋㺸‫ ⨐وت‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
‫⯥اور‬㱾‫ں‬ᠢ‫ور‬ㆈ㷨‫۔دو⨭وں‬嵗剙⹢戇‫د‬㨱㎗ॼ姽䰮㱾‫ں‬䁐䪫㨱‫ل‬㶠‫دل‬啵ᳮ嵗チ媛垏‫ا‬㐪‫ا‬
‫⨐وت‬㵧‫ر‬婨ហ㷨ㄅ㩴啵䰍ࢌ‫اور‬嗚㨱呲‫ب‬⡟‫لوا‬䰮Ⴤ‫ا‬㈲⛪㷨ㅨ‫ر‬㷨䡠‫ا‬丰䰋㺸嬸㨱‫را‬ᄯ媓‫ا‬
‫۔‬嵗Ꮉ㲏
‫د‬关‫ورتو‬ㆈ㷨‫اددو⨭وں‬喾⸞‫اس‬啵‫ح‬コ‫ا‬和⬧‫"۔ا‬戇‫د‬㣵㜌‫" اور‬戇‫᾿د‬ᔊ "嵉儭‫ى‬䚦㺸‫ر‬忲‫ا‬
‫۔‬嵗戇‫᾿د‬ᔊ࿀‫د‬关‫ورتو‬ㆈᄣ‫ا‬㱾
 ‫؟‬嵗‫اد‬喾㷩⸞⸞ࡼ :2娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫ࡼاور‬嗚㨱婨‫✭چ‬䰋㺸‫ت‬徉‫ور‬ㆈ庠᱑㷨‫لاوردو⨭وں‬㑾‫و‬尪‫ا‬ᄭ‫ا‬㱾‫ں‬墝弥峤‫دى‬㷨䰌ᗐ䡠‫ ا‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
‫۔‬嵗Ꮉ㲏ⴣ㰑
‫۔‬䟑ᷗᔊ㥃徰‫آ‬媛‫آ‬㟥愡‫⸞ا‬䰍‫⚉ا‬㺸‫ر‬忲‫ ⨐وتاورا‬:3娛‫Ⳣال‬
:嵗徉䰮㘄啵䐜‫Ⳣرۃا‬嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‫ ا‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
"‫۔‬峤᲌ⓥ恔⻎媓ُ‫دا‬⠩⋐㽻‫ا‬嵉忕‫᾿د‬ᔊ (媓ُ‫)ا‬࿀‫آپ‬ᄭ‫ " اوروہا‬:ᷗᔊ

‫ت‬䆨‫Ⳣا‬ᙩ
‫۔‬䟑岤‫ا‬㷨‫ر‬忲‫⨐وتوا‬،啵⿘‫رو‬㷨╡‫اوراⳢۂ‬忱╌‫آنو‬㟥 :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
啵‫ان‬嵗徉‫زورد‬୧࿀‫⑼وں‬ᷩी㺸‫ن‬懔‫ا‬啵‫ت‬ᘍᄣ‫ا‬嬸 ‫رⳢلﷺ‬㺸‫اوراس‬䰌ᗐ䡠‫ ا‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
‫اور‬嵉ᥢ峤‫ش‬⠩‫اور‬㇒‫ را‬೧䰌ᗐ䡠‫⸞ا‬嬸㨱‫ل✭چ‬䰮啵‫راہ‬㷨䡠‫۔ا‬嵗೧‫ر‬忲‫⨐وتوا‬愡‫⸞ا‬
‫۔‬嵗Ꮉ᱑‫ل࢓ھ‬䰮⸞ᳮ‫۔‬嵗ᣲ峤㥵࢑೧啵‫ل‬䰮‫رے‬屩
:嵗徉䰮㘄啵䐜‫Ⳣرۃا‬嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‫ا‬
"‫۔‬峤᲌ⓥ恔⻎媓ُ‫دا‬⠩⋐㽻‫ا‬嵉忕‫᾿د‬ᔊ (媓ُ‫)ا‬࿀‫آپ‬ᄭ‫ " اوروہا‬:ᷗᔊ
:徉䰮㘄嬸 ‫ﷺ‬懓㨱嘒啵‫܉رے‬㺸‫⨐وت‬
"‫۔‬㻠很᱑㥃‫رو‬೧‫رارزق‬ឨ婨‫ور‬㯵‫رو‬䱰‫ات‬⠴ "
啵ᳮ㷩廫㞑‫⻑ہ‬僂恜‫ا‬愡‫ا‬ઃ㺭廫㞑䯼䵠㐪‫ا‬㷨媛‫܉‬㟥‫راور‬忲‫ا‬࿀‫ر‬㊓ᣲ‫فذا‬エ婨嬸 ‫▣رﷺ‬
㨱૽孈亽㥃‫‹رے‬弥ஸ‫راور‬忲‫تا‬⠩‫ا‬岢‫۔ا⬧م܉‬ᣬ㳉‫لر‬⠯㥃‫دو⨭ے‬愡‫ا‬㨱‫گ࢓ھ⅂ھ‬䪫
‫۔‬嵗弥䆨‫د‬㖂ᔊ㷨㶝‫لر‬⠯㥃‫دو⨭ے‬愡‫ا‬㱾‫ں‬婧侃࿀㡃吴寄嬸 ‫۔▣رﷺ‬嵗徉‫آ‬吮⡜
‫۔‬䟑㡘‫وا‬愡‫ا‬愡‫ا‬㥃‫ر‬忲‫⸞⨐وتوا‬䅎垆‫ز‬㷨㑨䡠‫ا‬㇒‫امر‬㨱୤ゆ‫راور‬㊕‫ا‬൥尪
ِ ‫ ا‬:2娛‫Ⳣال‬
啵‫ش‬᜙㷨弥ஸᄭ‫وہا‬啵‫ك‬吴恗ḟ
ِ 㲁嵉ᥢ㨱‫ن‬൞㑦䡠‫ا‬㇒‫ر‬愀╏૽‫ل‬ḍୢ‫ □تا‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
嬸弥ஸ㲁嵉㲇‫۔‬弥‫آوازآ‬㷨⠉‫دو⨭ےز‬㲁ᣬ䠂峭嬸ၩ媛ຩ⸞‫۔ا‬勖啵䉺ⓥ⠉‫وہز‬媓ُ‫۔ا‬奎
 ‫ا⹢رہ‪ᄸ㲁㷩‬اس‪㨱‬ا‪峣‬وا‪ၩ㱾䰍‬ؤ۔‪啵‬اس‪ຩ㺸‬س‪ᤗ㲁ᡁ峭ᅀ‬ےز‪㨱㺸⠉‬ا‪㷨峣‬آوازآ‪弥‬۔‬
‫ا‪媑‬ں‪嬸‬ا‪㈲㷨㿩‬فا⹢رہ‪㨱‬د‪徉‬۔⊆‪ᤗ㨱䰍媛ຩ啵圼‬ےز‪ຩ㺸⠉‬س‪ᠢᅀ‬وہ⿸‪ᣬ⇡峤‬۔وا‪࿄‬‬
‫آ‪ᠢ很‬܉‪ِ ೧⡞㣰‬‬
‫‪᱑‬م⿣دت‪婧‬ش‪ᣬ⇡㨱‬۔‪㨱୤ゆᡁ抁‬امر‪㇒‬ا‪ງ᳨㥃㑨䡠‬ا‪忲‬ر‪㲁‬اُ‪媑‬ں‪⠩嬸‬د‪㱾‬‬
‫ا‪ገ೧啵䉺ⓥ悇‬ر‪㲢‬اورا‪侃ᄭ‬ن‪ㆈ㷨弥ஸ‬ورت‪㱾‬آ‪䆎‬ر‪㲢‬۔‬
‫ا‪൥尪‬ا‪㊕‬رر‪㇒‬ا‪Ḽ㑨䡠‬ں‪ຩ嘒嬸‬كﷺ ‪㷨‬آ‪㕽‬ش‪࿀啵‬ورش‪弥ຩ‬۔⨐وتوا‪忲‬ر‪啵‬ا‪媛᯳Ⴤ‬‬
‫‪媎‬ر‪ᣬ㳉‬۔‪᥉啵䂺‬دن‪ဣ嗚㲢ी‬اورا‪啵悎‬ا‪Ⳣ弥㱾㽻‬ا‪䬉‬آ‪⠩ᠢᎹ᱑‬د‪㺸嬸峤⸞ᥢ㖵‬܉و‪Ṏ‬د‪嗚㲢‬‬
‫ا⸞‪㨱ጦ‬د‪忕‬۔‬

‫ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
 ‫‪★㨷‬ل‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫( ‪堆㥃‬ن‪徃䟣‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈 :1娛‬اب‪)࿀‬‬
‫‪★㨷‬ل⸞‪喾‬اد‪:嵗‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪1‬۔‬
‫‪୧‬ز‪徉‬دہ‪嗚㭹‬‬ ‫ج۔ ‪庠᱑‬ذر‪ 嗚㭹⸞惪‬د۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪ 嗚㭹‬ب۔ ‪嗚㭹㺸㨱也‬‬
‫‪2‬۔ ‪㱾‬نⴣ‪㌔‬دت‪★ِ㨷ी㺸‬ل‪⸞⡞‬ا‪嵗悿㘄屨‬؟‬
‫‪壜‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ⱉ‬ ‫ب۔ وا‪᱓‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪㘄‬ض‬
‫‪★㨷‬ل‪㺸‬او‪䆨‬د‪㹄࿀‬ا‪ᰂ‬ات‪嵉ᥢ峤Ꮋ亾‬؟‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪3‬۔‬
‫ب۔ او‪䆨‬د‪嵗ᣲ峤嫯‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ او‪䆨‬دآوارہ‪嵗ᣲ᱑峤‬‬
‫او‪䆨‬دࢌ‪嵗ᣲ峤ឰ‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ او‪䆨‬د‪䰮㘄嗚‬ن‪嵗ᣲ峤‬‬
‫‪★㨷‬ل‪㥃‬در‪嵗㷩ṏ‬؟‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪4‬۔‬
‫⛢⟏‪㥃‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ‪Ṑ‬د‪㥃‬‬ ‫ب۔ ا‪忲‬ر‪㥃‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪㌔‬دت‪㥃‬‬
‫‪5‬۔ ‪㥃‬رو܉ر‪㨵‬ا‪垆‬از‪★⸞嬸㨱啵‬ل‪㟥‬ار‪㻠很ຩ‬؟‬
‫رازدارى‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ د‪噜徉‬ارى‬ ‫ب۔ ⯤ارى‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪⻪徰㫀‬رى‬
‫‪Ⳣ乷‬ا‪䆨‬ت‬
‫‪★㨷‬ل⸞‪喾㷩‬اد‪嵗‬؟‬
‫ِ‬ ‫Ⳣال‪:1娛‬‬
‫‪★㨷‬ل‪嗚㭹嵉儭䛧㺸‬اور★ل‪庠᱑嵉儭㺸‬اوردر‪也愒㈲⣜‬اور‪庠᱑‬ذر‪弥㭹⸞惪‬‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ِ :‬‬
‫‪弥峤‬روزى★لروزى‪嵗ᣲ㲏‬۔‬
‫‪★㨷‬ل‪㺸‬܉رے‪㩴啵‬ا‪愡‬آ‪䟒ᷗᔊ㥃徰‬۔‬
‫ِ‬ ‫Ⳣال‪:2娛‬‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪ :‬ا‪:嵗徉䰮㘄嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‬‬
‫‪ " :ᷗᔊ‬اےا‪懔‬نوا‪ !䪫‬ان‪㸱ຩ‬ہ⑼وں‪㲢⸞啵‬ؤ‪嵉㷨㎗ឫ嬸屨Ṏ‬۔"‬
‫Ⳣال‪⸞弥㱾 :3娛‬دوا‪嘓‬ء‪㨱‬ام‪㐣‬ا‪䓫‬م‪ጷ㺸‬ں‪㺸‬܉رے‪承㨱恗ᒌ啵‬۔‬
‫‪Ṏ‬اب‪□ :1 :‬ت‪婧‬ح‪㐣‬ا‪䓫‬م‪䞆‬ى‪㥃㥃‬م‪ᣬᥢ㨱‬۔‬
 ‫۔‬ᣬᥢ㨱媛‫܉‬㿘‫م‬䓫‫ا‬㐣崳‫□تا࢑ا‬ :2
‫؟‬嵗㥶‫ںرو‬㺮⸞‫ى‬㽻‫ا‬㽶‫اور‬媛⡜‫ ا⬧مិآ‬:4娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫۔‬嵗徱‫زورد‬࿀嬸㨱也‫اور‬嵗㥶‫ى⸞رو‬㽻‫ا‬㽶‫اور‬媛⡜‫ ا⬧مិآ‬:‫اب‬Ṏ
‫؟‬嵗厨‫ں‬㺮‫═ام‬㨷
ِ :5娛‫Ⳣال‬
‫د‬䆨‫اورا⫳او‬ᣲ峤媎‫ل‬㞩㌑‫دتاور ُد‬㌔弥㱾⸞弥㭹㷨‫═ام‬奡㺮嵗䅏㷩厨⸞‫═ام‬㨷
ِ :‫اب‬Ṏ
‫۔‬嵗ᣲ᱑峤‫ن‬䰮㘄嗚

‫ت‬䆨‫Ⳣا‬ᙩ
‫۔‬承㨱‫ن‬൞岤‫ا‬㷨‫ِ★ل‬㨷啵⿘‫رو‬㷨徰╌‫آناور‬㟥 :1娛‫Ⳣال‬
:‫م‬冥 :‫اب‬Ṏ
‫۔‬嗚㭹‫⸞روزى‬惪‫ذر‬庠᱑‫اور‬也嵗‫اد‬喾⸞‫★ل‬㨷
ِ
:岤‫ا‬啵‫آن‬㟥
:嵗徉䰮㘄啵‫آن‬㟥嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‫ا‬
"‫۔‬嵉㷨㎗ឫ嬸屨Ṏ‫ؤ‬㲢⸞啵‫ہ⑼وں‬㸱ຩ‫! ان‬䪫‫نوا‬懔‫" اےا‬
:嵗徉䰮㘄嬸䰌ᗐ䡠‫اورا‬ᵤ愡‫ا‬
"‫ؤ۔‬㲢婨⸞感㈲庠᱑嗚‫ل‬䰮㥃‫دو⨭ے‬愡‫ا‬啵࿄‫" اورآ‬
:岤‫ا‬啵忱╌
:徉䰮㘄嬸 ‫آپﷺ‬
"‫۔‬徉㲢媎嗚㲢弥㱾㥙୩⸞弥㭹㷨ᡀ孆ᄭ‫ا‬嬸⺾㩴 "
‫۔‬承㨱‫ن‬൞‫ت‬嗚夂㺸‫═ام‬㨷
ِ ‫اور‬府‫ا‬㜌㺸‫★ل‬㨷
ِ :2娛‫Ⳣال‬
:府‫ا‬㜌㺸‫★ل‬㨷
ِ
‫۔‬嵉ᥢ峤‫ب‬丄㺸䰌ᗐ䡠‫ا‬䰍‫وا‬嬸㭹‫★ل⸞روزى‬㨷
ِ :1
 ‫‪★㨷‬ل⸞رزق‪嵗ᣲ峤㥵࢑啵‬۔‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪:2‬‬
‫ا‪垏‬ن‪㺸‬ا‪垆‬ر‪⠩‬ددارى‪廫㞑‬ر‪嵗宅‬اوروہ‪卬ろ‬ز‪㽽䅎垆‬ار‪嵗Ꮉ‬۔‬ ‫‪:3‬‬
‫‪㈲寄‬ح‪㌔㷨‬دتاورد‪㞩徃㌑‬ل‪嵉ᣲ峤‬۔‬ ‫‪:4‬‬
‫‪═㨷‬ام‪嗚夂㺸‬ت‪:‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪弥㭹庠᱑嗚‬وا‪㱾䰍‬ا‪Ꮉ㨱媎࿝䡠‬۔‬ ‫‪:1‬‬
‫═ام‪㷨弥㭹㷨‬و‪㌔⸞ṏ‬داتاورد‪㞩徃㌑‬ل‪ᣲ峤媎‬۔‬ ‫‪:2‬‬
‫‪⻑僂‬ہا⸞‪嵗Ꮉ㨱࿝嗚‬۔‪媛⫦๵‬اورذ‪䉺‬ا⫆‪冼‬ر૽‪嵗ᣲ᱑‬۔‬ ‫‪:3‬‬
‫‪⻑僂‬ہ‪ࢌ啵‬ا‪ጌ吚‬ا‪嵗ᣲ峤‬۔‪䁐䪫‬ں‪嵗ᣲ峤᜻◒㷨‬۔‬ ‫‪:4‬‬

‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
 ‫‪和㣡‬ا‪剚‬كوو‪㺸廝⡜‬ا⤔ل‪㺸‬آداب )‪僤‬و‪(㇒‬‬

‫‪堆㥃‬ن‪徃䟣‬۔‬ ‫‪Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈‬اب‪࿀‬‬ ‫Ⳣال‪:1娛‬‬

‫آپ‪嬸‬ا‪恔✭⑼Ṏ⸞ጥᄭ‬ىوہ‪:‬‬ ‫‪1‬۔‬
‫‪嵗劜和㣡‬‬ ‫‪㑴‬ا‪ 嵗劜和‬د۔‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫⛪‪垆‬ا‪嵗劜媛‬‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ذا‪嵗劜ᣲ‬‬
‫‪㑴‬ا‪䵠㷨劜和‬ل‪:嵗‬‬ ‫‪2‬۔‬
‫‪㻠㒊‬ہ‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ا‪㻠ᄣ‬ڑى‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫ا‪䂺Ⴤ‬‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ر‪㻠憗‬ڑى‬
‫‪:嵗劜和㣡‬‬ ‫‪3‬۔‬
‫‪㶦‬اور‪㵙‬ن‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫‪෹‬ى‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫‪伶‬‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ڈاك⛪‪婨‬‬
‫‪൥‬ا‪䡶‬ل‪㷨㋐▿㷨‬ذ‪吶‬دارى‪ᣗ㷨㨵‬؟‬ ‫‪4‬۔‬
‫⿡رى‪㷨‬‬
‫‪ٰ 䶛‬‬‫ِ‬ ‫‪ᝯ‬م‪婧侃‬ں‪ 㷨‬د۔‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫ا⬧‪㷨䕈和‬‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ⟩و‪㷨㞺‬‬
‫وہا‪剚‬ك‪ᄯṎ‬رى‪㣡‬م‪ᮣ㺸‬ں⸞ଁ‪嵉ᣲ㲏㷩嵉‬؟‬ ‫‪5‬۔‬
‫⛪‪垆‬ا‪媛‬ا‪剚‬ك‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫‪和㣡‬ا‪剚‬ك‬ ‫ج۔‬ ‫‪㑴‬ا‪和‬ا‪剚‬ك‬ ‫ب۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪圑‬ا‪剚‬ك‬

‫⛪‪承㨱Ꮂᵤ䬉‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪:2娛‬‬

‫ذا‪ᣲ‬ا‪剚‬ك‪䪫‬گذا‪✭ᣲ‬چ⸞૾‪嵉ᥢ‬۔‬ ‫‪1‬۔‬

‫د‪戆‬ا⬧م‪ᘍ㷨‬تآ‪ᣲ㖵‬اور‪嵉䅝岠‬۔‬ ‫‪2‬۔‬

‫‪㩴‬ا‪㘄愡‬د‪夂㱾劜㷨‬ن‪═嗚ᅀ‬ام‪嵗‬۔‬ ‫‪3‬۔‬

‫‪൥‬ا‪䡶‬ل⸞‪㑴‬ا‪㚵和‬حو‪୦‬د‪㥃㺸‬م‪嵉ᥢ᱑㺶‬۔‬ ‫‪4‬۔‬

‫‪和㣡‬ا‪剚‬ك‪㱾‬ذا‪䰋㺸ウ冬ᣲ‬ا⤔ل‪嵕‹嗚㨱媎‬۔‬ ‫‪5‬۔‬
 ‫‪ ‬ا⬧م‪㷨㐇啵‬ا‪僤) 岤‬و‪(㇒‬‬
‫( ‪堆㥃‬ن‪徃䟣‬۔‬ ‫Ⳣال‪Ṏ戆ᔊ⡞匈 :1娛‬اب‪)࿀‬‬
‫‪1‬۔ ‪:嵗准㥃㐇‬‬
‫ر‪很ㅨ‬ا‪▖㥃ŲǏ ٰŜŌ‬ل‬ ‫ج۔ ُ ‪Ǐ‬‬
‫‪ն‬ٶہ‪▖㥃‬ل د۔‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ دو‪▖㥃䉺‬ل ب۔ ⿫ت‪▖㥃‬ل‬
‫‪2‬۔ ‪ᄷ⸞⡞‬آ‪徉‬ت‪傍㨵啵‬ن‪㥃‬ذ‪嵗㨱‬۔‬
‫‪剚僂‬ت‪㥃‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ا➶ق‪㥃‬‬ ‫ب۔ ‪㌔‬دت‪㥃‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪㥃㐇‬‬
‫‪3‬۔ ◳‪:嵗䰋㺸匇吵‬‬
‫ا‪䰮㥃噒䰮‬ل‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ‪⻎㿪‬ہ‪䰮‬ل‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪䰮㥃㕵‬ل ب۔ ‪ᑅ‬رت‪䰮㥃‬ل‬
‫‪4‬۔ ا‪㱾䰌ᗐ䡠‬ز‪徉‬دہ‪:嵗࿝‬‬
‫⿫توا‪匇吵䆨‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ا‪㞾‬اروا‪匇吵䆨‬‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ‪䰮‬لدار‪ 匇吵‬ب۔ ‪㟋ㇰ‬ر‪匇吵‬‬
‫‪5‬۔ ا‪嘓‬ء‪㐣‬ا‪䓫‬م‪㺸‬وارث‪:嵉‬‬
‫‪ǖ‬‬
‫‪戆寀䵿‬‬ ‫د۔‬ ‫ج۔ ‪㐈‬ء‬ ‫֢ر‬
‫ب۔ ّ ‪ nj‬ٱ‬ ‫ا‪䚴‬۔ ◯م‬

‫Ⳣال‪承㨱Ꮂᵤ䬉⛪ :2娛‬۔‬
‫‪1‬۔ ‪侃寄嗚㨱ラⓥ㥃㐇‬ن ‪亾‬د اور ‪㑴‬رت ‪㘄࿀‬ض‪嵗‬۔‬
‫‪嗼伶‬ىﷺ ‪嗚 ŖّƔŸُ 啵‬م‪㥃‬ا‪ᔊ⁚愡‬ہ‪Ṑᡁ‬ں‪㨱୤ゆ‬امر‪㇒‬ا‪ᣬᥢ㨱ラⓥ㐇㑨䡠‬۔‬
‫ِ‬ ‫‪2‬۔‬
‫‪3‬۔ ‪懓㨱嘒‬ﷺ ا‪ 啵㐇⸞䡠‬ا‪ُ 㷨 㞃ㅨ‬د‪ᣬ妔䰮㌑‬۔‬
‫‪4‬۔ ‪岫‬ا‪ 㺸䰌ᗐ䡠‬ا◯‪䰮‬ت ‪嵕‹嗚㨱㐽঎傑㺸‬۔‬
‫‪5‬۔ ‪㟥‬آن‪啵‬ا‪嬪堆㷨䡠‬ں‪㕽 ࿀‬رو‪㷨 㚧‬د‪㑴‬تدى‪嵗䅋‬۔‬

‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬
 Grade 7 Social Studies
Ch:5 Topic: Climate Change

Q.1 Explain the Terms.

1. Troposphere:
The lowest layer of the planet’s atmosphere, where all life on Earth exists.

2. Global Warming:
Year-by-Year rising of the average overall temperature of the atmosphere, caused by human activity.

3. Climate Change:
It is when long-term temperature changes influence weather patterns, disrupting the usual balance of
nature.

4. Greenhouse Effect:
Higher temperatures of the Earth due to increase in greenhouse gases. The five main gases include
water vapor (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N2O), and Ozone (O₃).

5. Climate:
Climate is the pattern of weather in a region over 30 or more years, based on measurements, averages,
and comparisons over time.

6. Weather:
Weather refers to the short-term atmospheric conditions in a particular place.

7. Ozone Layer:

It is the part of Earth’s stratosphere where a thicker band of Ozone gas (O3) molecules can
usually be found.

8. Extreme Weather:

Unusual, severe, or unseasonal weather as compared to the past.

9. Net zero goal:

Balance between the amount of greenhouse gases produce and remove or cutting greenhouse
gas emissions to as close to zero as possible.

10. Climate change denier:

The individuals and groups who actively resist that the planet is heating up and climate is
changing, Environment lists have given this fact the name ‘climate change deniers.

Q.2 What are CFCs, and why are they a problem?

Ans.2 CCFCs are chlorofluorocarbons. These are modern, human created compounds
which are depleting the ozone layer. They are used as the coolants in refrigerators, fire extinguishers
and aerosol spray cans.
 Q.3 What is the effect of the accelerated melting of the Himalayan glaciers on Pakistan?(
Long )
Ans.3 The accelerated melting of the Himalayan glaciers is affecting Pakistan in the following ways:

1. This brings more meltwater into the rivers, collapses the banks and increases the risk of flash
and regular flooding along the river courses.
2. Once the glaciers are melted there will be far less water.
3. Less rain,and the faster melting of icecaps,will cause flooding at some times of the year and
not enough water at other times.
4. An irregular water supply throughout the year will be likely to spoil the crops or hamper their
growth.
5. Climate change is also increasing the size of Pakistan’s five deserts and arid areas.

Q.4 Which two sectors of the economy in Pakistan generate the most carbon dioxide and
methane?

Ans.4 The energy sector, primarily through the combustion of fossil fuels, and the agriculture sector,
particularly livestock and rice cultivation, are the main contributors to carbon dioxide and methane
emissions in Pakistan.

Q.5 How can improve milk or meat yields per animal help Pakistan’s farmers respond to
global warming?

Ans.5 The improved milk and meat yields per animal can be achieved by keeping only a few improved
animals leading to lower levels of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions thus would help reduce the
global warming.

Q.6 What are the effects of global warming on the Polar regions? How does it impact the
native species?(long)

Ans.6 The global warming has adversely affected the polar regions. Some of which are as follows:
1.The large frozen plains or ice sheets of the Earth, and ice at the Polar Caps, reflect heat back through
the atmosphere and help with global cooling.In the last 100 years, global warming has been melting
the ice faster than it can be replaced.
2.A unique set of habitats and their wild life are seriously endangered with extinction.
3.The sea levels are rising as a result of melting these ice caps at a rapid rate leading to loss of coastal
areas.
4.The melting of icecaps force polar bears to migrate to warmer places.
5.The low lying areas are under a serious threat of flooding.
The native species especially bowhead whales; the seals; the walrus; and the coral reefs are seriously
endangered with extinction.

Q.7 Explore the effects of climatic change on the flora and fauna of any two regions of the
world.

Ans.7 Polar Regions:Warmer temperatures melt polar icecaps, killing coral reefs and making many
plant and animal species at threat of extinction.
Amazon: Changes in rain stress plants, animals move, and habitats shift.

Q.8 How does climate change effect the People lifestyle and economy of Pakistan?(long)

Ans.8 1) Climate change can lead to more frequent and intense extreme weather events, such as
hurricanes, floods, and heatwaves, putting people’s lives and property at risk.

2) Rising global temperatures can exacerbate the spread of infectious diseases, impacting public
health and increasing healthcare costs.

3) Changes in precipitation patterns and water availability can affect agriculture and food
production, leading to food shortages .

4) Sea-level rise threatens coastal communities with increased flooding, , forcing people to
relocate and causing economic disruption.

5) Climate change can disrupt ecosystems and biodiversity, leading to the loss of important
ecosystem services, such as clean water and pollination.

6) Increased heatwaves and heat stress can impact labor productivity, particularly in sectors such
as agriculture, construction, and manufacturing.

7) The costs associated with adapting to and mitigating climate change, such as investing in
infrastructure has affected the economy of Pakistan.

Q.9 Explore the Health and environmental effects of Ozone Depletion?

Ans.9 Health Effects: Ozone depletion lets more ultraviolet rays reach the Earth which can cause skin
cancers.
Environmental Effects: More ultraviolet light passes through the Stratosphere to Earth. As a result, the
Earth is experiencing the higher temperatures and the weather is changing. As the more extreme
weather continues, the climate is also changing.

Q.10 Draw and label the diagrams of

1. Layers of the atmosphere pg 50

2. Greenhouse Effect pg 51
3.Graph of average temperature and precipitation of Pakistan pg54
Chapter 6 Grade 7
Social Studies
Topic: Minerals and Power Resources
Q.1 Explain the Meaning of the Terms.
1. Mineral:
Minerals are chemical compounds (mixes) with a specific chemical and crystal structure that
makes them distinctive.
2. Petrology:
The branch of science concerned with the origin, structure, and composition of rocks.
3. Primary Industry:
Provide raw material, e.g. agriculture, fishing, mining, mineral extraction.
4. Secondary Industry:
make items from raw materials e.g. manufacturing, power generation.
5. Tertiary Industry:
provide support services, e.g. sales, repairs.
6. Quaternary Industry:
provide high -tech information services.
7. Fossil Fuel:
They were formed from decomposing plants and animals under high pressure over millions
of years e.g. coal, petroleum oil and gas.
8. Minerology:
is the study of the chemistry, crystal structures and physical properties of the mineral
constituents of the rocks.

Q.2 Draw and label the method of long-wall and surface mining. Pg 62 diagram

Ans.2 Opencast mining or quarrying:

Opencast mining or ‘surface’ mining, is used when minerals are close to surface. The land is clear
and the soil and any upper surface is peeled away, using huge machines in modern opencast mines.

Deep Shaft Mines:

are needed where minerals are deeper. An example of underground mining is long-wall mining
where a long ‘slice’ of coal (resembling a wall) is mined.

Q.3 How important are the alternative sources of power? Name four alternative sources of
powers?

Ans.3

1.Emphasizing alternative sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower can reduce its dependence
on expensive imported fossil fuels.

2.By transitioning towards renewable energy, Pakistan can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
promote sustainability, thus mitigating the adverse effects of climate change.

3. Investing in renewable energy technologies can create jobs, especially in rural areas, enhancing
employment opportunities and reducing poverty.

Four alternative sources of power are:

1) Wind Energy

2) Solar Energy

3) Water Energy

4) Nuclear Energy

Q.4 Why is there scarcity of electricity and gas in Pakistan during recent years?(short)

Ans.4 Scarcity of gas and electricity in Pakistan is primarily due to poor planning and
mismanagement of resources, inadequate investment in infrastructure development, and an ever-
growing demand that surpasses the supply capacity.

Q.5 What is the difference between bituminous and lignite coals?

Ans.5 The differing density and quality of coal has led to two broad classifications:

Bituminous or hard/black coal: is relatively hard coal and often bitumen (sticky tar-like substance)
mix. At the lowest end of this type coal can also be dark brown.

Lignite coal: Lignite is included in the group of Sub Bituminous coal,which are generally browner,
softer, and give off less heat than harder (and older) coals.It produces more Sulphur and thus more
pollution when burnt, and more dust during extraction. It is sold for industrial uses where a less
intense heat is adequate such as heating brick kilns.

Q.6 Who or what oversees Pakistan’s natural reserves of fossil fuels?

Ans.6 They are overseen by The Ministry of Energy and the Pakistan Mineral Development
Corporation.

Q.7 On a blank map of Pakistan, mark areas that are rich in mineral resources.(on books)

Q7. Enlist some of the important minerals found in Pakistan, their uses and location. (Long)

Ans.7 Pakistan has a wide range of minerals of different values beneath the land.

1. Limestone: Much of Pakistan sits on beds of limestone. When ground down it makes high
quality cement for construction. It is found in the Potwar Plateau, KPK and Balochistan.
2. Salt: are mined for sale to the foods, chemicals and other industries. The Khewra salt mine
is one of the oldest in the world located in Potowar Plateau in Punjab.
3. Gypsum: is also found in the Salt Range(Punjab), and is extracted for use as an element in
farm fertilizers.
4. Potash: is also gathered and sold as an ingredient for fertilizer, explosive, glass, paper, soap,
and medicines.It is mostly found in Swat,Dir and other areas of KPK.
5. Sulphur: is extracted from the volcanic parts of Balochistan and sold for use in dyes and
paints, plaster of Paris and other chemical-based products.
6. Marble: Pakistan has beds of high-quality marble, mainly in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is sold
all around the world to make flooring, bathroom fittings, and work surfaces.

Q.8 How is coal used in Pakistan? Does its usefulness outweigh its risks?(short)

Ans.8 In Pakistan the coal is mainly used in simple industries such as brick-making. It is also used to
generate electricity.

It is difficult to determine whether its usefulness outweighs its risks as it is helping in the economy of
the country and is providing employment opportunities as well .On the other hand its
environmental impacts and health risks have to be managed.
 Chapter: 05

Foundation of the Mughal Empire

Q/A

Q1: Which kingdom did Babur inherit aged twelve?

Ans: At the age of twelve years, Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur inherited the kingdom of
Farghana, in Afghanistan.
Q2: What were the problems faced during the foundation of the Mughal Empire?

Ans: The opposition from the Indian rulers like Rana Sanga, cultural, religious and ethnic
differences and foreign invasions from the neighboring Muslims states were some of the major
problems faced during the foundation of the Mughal Empire.
Q3: Outline the main changes and progress made during Sher Shah Suri’s rule. Describe how
he came to power.pg.55

Ans: Sher Shah Suri, who was as ethnic Pashtun, declared himself emperor after defeating
Humayun .He ruled from 1540CE to 1545CE.He created a capital for Sur Empire at Sasaram,
Bihar.
Sher Shah Suri was a strong General and administrator who divided his empire into provinces
for efficient administration. He appointed honest and efficient officials and set up an effective
and mobile army. He introduced a government postal system. Sher Shah Suri built and
improved roads including the Grand Trunk Road from Peshawar to Bengal. He introduced a
standard weight rupee. He built Masjids and caravanserais, new cities such as Bhera and public
buildings.

Q4: What were the problems faced by Emperor Humayun?

Ans: He faced enemies on three sides: from Sultan Bahadur in Gujrat, Sher Shah Suri in Bihar, and his
own brothers plotting against him at home. Sher Shah Suri defeated Humayun and after that he was
expelled from India.

Q5: What were Akbar the Great’s achievements? (Any 7 points in complete sentences pg.56)
Ans: Akbar the Great is known for achievements in a number of areas:

1. He was an efficient administrator, and took strong military actions.

2. He encouraged fairness and valued loyalty above religion or status.
3. Set up schools for Muslims and Hindus, supported culture and the arts. Thus a
distinctive style of Mughal art
4. Set up a 33-tier administrator system: The Mansabdari system with posts earned by
merit.
5. Employed scholars, librarians, craftspeople, artists, translators, readers and
bookbinders.
6. Owned a library of 24.000 books in 7 major languages.
7. He gathered a wide range of holy men and philosophers at the court in Agra, Delhi
and Fatehpur Sikri.
Q6: What is remembered about Emperor Jahangir’s attitude to justice?

Ans: Jahangir was a just ruler whose subjects were free to seek justice from him if they had
been wronged. Jahangir had a ‘golden chain of justice’ which citizens could ring for a personal
audience with the emperor.
Q7: How did Emperor Jahangir consolidate power during his rule?

Ans: Jahangir continued expanding the state by defeating the neighboring rulers who might
threaten the empire, with his son Prince Khurram leading the forces for much of his time.
Q8: Describe the role played by Nur Jahan after Jahangir fell ill.

Ans: After Jahangir fell ill, his beloved wife Nur Jahan gradually took more power effectively
running some of the state affairs instead of her husband. She had her name added to the coins
and placed her relatives in positions of power.
Q10: What improvements did Shah Jahan bring to the Empire? Discuss why he was called ‘the
Magnificent’. (Long)
Ans: Shah Jahan strengthened the Mughal Empire in many ways:

1. He was a capable commander as the Mughal Empire expanded under his reign.
The army, cavalry, and artillery grew stronger.
2. His reign is often regarded as a period of cultural and architectural splendor with the
iconic structures.
3. As the empire continued to expand, the emperor became wealthier and continuing to
have a court that valued the arts and literature.
4. He had a talent for poetry and was known to be more conservative in his Islamic beliefs
compared to his ancestor.
5. He also reduced the independent kingdom of Deccan .In 1638CE Mughals captured
Kandahar in Afghanistan and moved to Central Asia.
Shahjahan was worthy of being called magnificent because he created one of the seven
world wonders Taj Mahal .Great architectural works were completed including the red fort
at Delhi, Jama Masjid and Shah Jahan Masjid at Thatta, Sindh, for this reason he is called the
magnificent.
 Decline and legacy of the Mughal Empire

Q1: What were the challenges faced by Emperor Bahadur Shah Alam during his early life and
rule?
And: Bahadur Shah I had to deal with a Sikh rebellion against his half-brother. He also had to
face Rajput rebellion. He faced criticism for loosening his father’s strict enforcement of Islamic
rules of behavior.
Q2: What do you mean by the term’ kingmaker’?
Ans: Kingmaker is a term that is used for a powerful noble or court member who can influence
who becomes monarch. For example, Sayyid brothers at the Mughal court in Muhammad
Shah’s reign.
Q3: In what ways Nadir Shah damage the Mughal Empire?
Ans: Following are the ways through which Nadir Shah damaged the Mughal Empire:
1. He captured Lahore and made agreements with the Sikhs who were rebelling against
the Mughals.
2. Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah surrendered to Nadir Shah in 1730CE.
3. He took the Peacock throne and the legendary Koh-e-Noor diamond to Afghanistan as
war booty.
Q4: Summaries early European interest in the Indian Subcontinent, specifically that of the
East India Company.
Ans: The world’s trade in cotton and silk, indigo, salt and spices. The aim of the company was
profit, although after the first Anglo-Mughal War (1686-1690CE) the strategic value of
controlling land and shutting out rivals was seen as a key protection for profit and trade.

Q5:Why were European trading companies so interested in seventeenth century India?

Ans: European trading companies were attracted to India for its wide variety of spices which
were produced in India and were of great demand in Europe. The richness of the Indian
economy and the abundance of resources compelled them to trade. Moreover, the Indian
subcontinent acted as a big market for European goods.
Q6: Describe the efforts of Shah Walli Ullah in bringing public focus to Islam. (Long)

Ans: Shah Wali Ullah was a Muslim scholar in India who was concerned about the weakness of
the Muslim community during his lifetime. He taught at his father’s school, the Madrassa-e-
Rahimiya in Delhi, before studying in Madina, Saudi Arabia. He believed that the lack of deep
study of the Quran and excessive arguing over Islamic beliefs contributed to the collapse of
Muslim power in South Asia. To address this issue, he translated the Quran into Persian, which
was the language of educated Muslims at the time. Shah Wali Ullah was known for his wisdom
and tolerance and gained many followers.
Q7: What do we mean by proxy war?
Ans: Proxy war is a modern term for a war in which the main opponents use someone else do
the fighting.
Q8. What was distinctive about Mughal art?
Ans: Mughal art was a blend of Persian and Indian art. A distinctive style of Muraqqa, or highly
decorated and sometimes gilded leather-bound books were developed.

Q9: What were the weaknesses of the Mughal Empire? (Long) Ans:
Following are the weaknesses of the Mughal Empire:
1. Aurangzeb's costly decisions to go on frequent wars against Marathas and other Hindu
rulers took up much of the energy he could have used to solve internal problems the
empire faced.
2. His religious orthodoxy was another reason that destabilized the empire.
3. The wars of succession between brothers competing for their father ‘s crown were a
Serious drain on the empire’s resources.
4. The luxurious lifestyle of the rulers was another drain to the resources that helped in
the decline of the Mughals.
5. Additionally, the mutual differences amongst the nobility sowed seeds of dissent and
resentment in the government.
6. The British East India Company increased its influence in the empire which could not be
handled by the incapable Mughal rulers after Aurangzeb’s death.
7. The rulers of the empire were not equipped to deal with the serious governing problems
faced by the empire, resulting in the weakened rule.
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