Sheena L. Abenir 4.

Which of the following is the application of

Microstrip antenna in a telemedicine industry?
5-BSECE-A a) Wireless Body Area Network
b) Detection of moving targets
c) Rectenna application
1. In mobiles, which of the following antenna is d) WiMax
widely used?
a) Microstrip antenna Explanation: The 2.4 GHz wearable microstrip antenna is
b) Horn antenna essential for communication within Wireless Body Area
c) Yagi-Uda antenna Networks (WBANs), facilitating connections between
d) Lens antenna body-worn devices. Additionally, microstrip antennas
play a role in radar systems for tracking moving objects
Explanation: A microstrip antenna, fabricated through the by transmitting electromagnetic waves and receiving
photolithography process, is compact and ideal for their reflections, while rectennas convert microwave
modern applications, particularly in mobile energy into DC power and WiMAX technology, which
communications, due to its compatibility with other operates under IEEE 802.16 protocols, provides
electronic devices. In contrast, larger antennas like Horn, broadband connectivity, particularly in rural areas.
Yagi-Uda, and Lens antennas are better suited for
broadcasting and radar applications where high gain and
directivity are essential, while microstrip antennas are 5. Rectenna Application of Microstrip antenna
favored in wireless technologies for their low profile and converts _______________
surface conformability. a) Microwave energy to DC power
b) Microwave energy to AC power
c) Microwave energy to solar energy
2. One of the advantages of the Microstrip antenna d) Inductive to capacitive
compared to conventional microwave antenna is
_________ Explanation: Rectenna is a specific type of antenna
a) Small size designed for the direct conversion of microwave power
b) Low gain to DC power, which enables wirelessly power transfer
c) No surface wave excitation over long distances. These include an antenna, rectifying
d) High gain filters, and rectifiers enabling energy capture for uses
such as operating remote sensing devices, satellite
Explanation: Microstrip antennas are compact and lighter systems, or wireless communication networks.
than traditional microwave antennas, making them ideal
for integration into modern devices; however, they suffer
from low gain and sensitivity to surface wave excitation, 6. One of the disadvantages of the Microstrip
which can reduce their efficiency. Despite these antenna is excitation of surface waves
drawbacks, their lightweight design and ease of a) True
fabrication have led to widespread use in applications b) False
such as satellite communication, mobile phones, and
radar systems, prompting ongoing research to improve Explanation: A microstrip antenna is one of the printed
their performance through advancements in materials types of antennas where it consists of radiation patch on
and design. one side of dielectric substrate and ground plane on the
other end. Though they are small and convenient for
mass production, its gain often low and also surface
3. In Microstrip antennas, the feed line and wave excitation make it less efficient in many cases
matching networks cannot be fabricated
separated separately
a) False 7. Which of the following is the most common
b) True version of the printed antenna?
Explanation: A microstrip antenna, classified as a printed a) Horn antenna
antenna, features a radiating patch on one side of the
substrate and a ground plane on the opposite side, b) Microstrip antenna
connected by a feed line that carries the signal for c) Wire antenna
radiation. Its low profile, ease of fabrication, and
compatibility with portable equipment make it a popular d) Lens antenna
choice for wireless communication systems, while the
integration of the feed line and matching networks during Explanation: This microstrip antenna is a type of printed
fabrication simplifies the overall design process. antenna. It is made out using a technique known as
photolithography. It comprises of a radiation patch
located on one side of a dielectric material while having
a ground plane found on the other side. The patch can c) Patch
be of any shape like circular or rectangular but mostly
circular patches are used. d) Substrate
Explanation: The feedline is used to excite to radiate the
antenna either directly or indirectly ways. There are
8. In which of the following type of antenna a patch is mainly four different types of feeding in Microstrip
created during fabrication? antenna such as Microstrip line feed, coaxial probe feed,
aperture coupling and proximity coupling.
a) Microstrip antenna
b) Horn antenna
12. Which of the following fed line is connected to patch
c) Wire antenna just like a conducting strip?
d) Lens antenna a) Microstrip line feed
Explanation: Patch of Microstrip antenna is developed on b) Coaxial feed
the dielectric substrate through the process of
photolithography or photo etching. The size and the c) Aperture coupling
shape of the patch may affect the return loss in the
range of frequencies. Unfortunately, there is no patch of d) Proximity Coupling
place called Horn, Wire and Lens. Horn is a waveguide Explanation: Microstrip line feed works as an extent to
antenna and a wire is a type of dipole antenna. patch and is joining patch by substantial strip in the
same way. In coaxial feed, inner conductor is connected
to the patch and outer conductor is connected to the
9. In Microstrip antenna, the patch and feed line is photo ground plane. Apart from these, Aperture coupling
etched on dielectric substrate involves two distinct substrates with a ground plane in
between. Shunt coupling mean match control by length
a) True of stub and patch while length to width ratio of patch is
b) False controlling match in Proximity coupling.

Explanation: Microstrip antenna is basically a printed

antenna which is made using the process of 13. Which of the following feed line contains two different
photolithography. Its design process involves having a substrates separated by a ground plane?
ground plane and a dielectric substrate in which patch is
formed. This is linked to the source via a feed line a) Microstrip line feed
through photo etching.
b) Coaxial feed
c) Aperture coupling
10. The shape of the patch in rectangular Microstrip
antenna is ____ d) Proximity Coupling

a) Rectangular Explanation: In Aperture coupling, the ground plane

divides two dissimilar substrates. In Microstrip line feed,
b) Circular the feed is in the form of a conducting strip that is
connected to the patch. The coaxial feed includes an
c) Cylindrical inner conductor connected to the patch and outer
d) Elliptical conductor connected to the ground plane. In the case of
proximity coupling, length of stub and length to width
Explanation: The type of the antenna is determined by ratio of patch is used for matching.
the shape of the patch that is given to it. In case of a
rectangular Microstrip antenna, the shape of the patch is
rectangle. Antipodal Microstrip antenna patch can be of 14. Which of the following is true regarding the coaxial
any general shape such as rectangular, circular, elliptical coupling feed in Microstrip antenna?
or triangular Geometry. a) Inner conductor is connected to patch and outer
conductor to ground plane
b) Outer conductor is connected to patch and inner
11. Which of the following is used to excite to radiate the conductor to ground plane
antenna? c) It is connected to patch just like a conducting strip
d) It contains two different substrates separated by a
a) Feed line ground plane
Explanation: A coaxial feed has both an inner and outer
b) Ground plane
conductor where the patch and the ground planes are
connected respectively. In a Microstrip feed line the b) Coaxial feed
patch is connected to the feed in a manner like a strip
made of conducting material. Materials like copper, steel, c) Aperture coupling
and other electrical conduits make up the substrates in d) Proximity Coupling
aperture coupling.
Explanation: Aperture coupling involves having two
different substrates with the ground plane in between.
15. Which of the following feed line uses the length of This type of arrangement is beneficial for feed
stub and L/W ratio to control the match? mechanism and radiating element. In Proximity coupling,
a) Microstrip line feed the match is controlled by the stub length and length to
b) Coaxial feed width of the patch used. This has the functionality of an
c) Aperture coupling extent to patch and is joined with patch just like a
d) Proximity Coupling conducting strip and its name is microstrip line feed. In
coaxial feed, the inner conductor is connected to the
Explanation: In Proximity coupling, the length of stub and patch and the outer conductor to the ground plane.
length to width ratio of patch controls the match.
Microstrip line feed acts as an extent to patch and is 19. Which of the following feeding has largest
connected to patch just like a conducting strip. In coaxial bandwidth?
feed, inner conductor is attached to patch and outer a) Microstrip line feed
conductor to ground plane. In Aperture coupling, ground
plane separates the different substrates. b) Coaxial feed
c) Aperture coupling
16. Which of the following is the disadvantage of d) Proximity Coupling
Microstrip line feeding?
Explanation: Proximity coupling feed offers the largest
a) Spurious feed radiation increases with increase in bandwidth among all the feed types. Microstrip line feed
substrate thickness reduces bandwidth because substrate thickness
increases. Coaxial feed has limited bandwidth.
b) Spurious feed radiation decreases with increase
in substrate thickness
c) There is no Bandwidth limit 20. In aperture coupling, ground plane is used to
minimize the inference due to spurious radiation.
d) Low spurious radiation
a) True
Explanation: Microstrip line feed works as an extent to
patch and is joined to patch as similar to a conducting b) False
strip. Therefore, the substrate thickness may actually
increase leading to the increase in spurious radiation Explanation: Aperture coupling involves two distinct
and this constrains the bandwidth. substrates separated by a ground plane, which
enhances the feed mechanism and radiating element
17. Which of the following is the disadvantage of the performance. This configuration isolates the feed from
coaxial feeding? the radiating element, significantly reducing interference
caused by unwanted radiation. As a result, aperture
a) Fabrication is very difficult coupling is effective in optimizing antenna design by
b) Low spurious radiation minimizing spurious emissions.

c) Narrow Bandwidth
d) No generation of higher order modes 21. Which of the following is not a technique to analyze
the Microstrip antenna?
Explanation: In coaxial feed, inner conductor connects
patch while outer conductor is connected to the ground a) FEM
plane. A coaxial feeding fabrication is relatively easy to b) MoM
implement, and it is a low spurious radiation feed, that is
its strength. Because of asymmetries, higher modes are c) FDTD
produced and yields cross polarization radiation.
d) PID
Explanation: FEM, MoM, FDTD are techniques used to
18. Which of the following allows independent know the Microstrip antenna performance. PI, PD, PID
optimization of feed mechanism? are control system mechanisms. MoM (Method of
moments) is used to solve the mixed potential integrated
a) Microstrip line feed equations obtained from the electromagnetic properties.
 Explanation: Hence, the HFSS, which stands for High
Frequency Structural Stimulator, is an FEM solver that
22. Which of the following is used to solve the mixed the authors employ in this research work relating to the
potential integrated equations? commercial antenna. FEM and FDTD deal with the
a) MoM partial differential equation while on the other hand, MoM
is used to solve the mixed potential integrated equation,
b) FEM which has its basis in the electromagnetic property.

c) FDTD
d) Jordan’s method 26. In FEM, the region of interest is divided into a
number of finite layers elements to analyze it
Explanation: The mixed potential integrated equations
are solved using MoM (Method of moments) derived a) True
from the electromagnetic properties. The partial
differential equations are solved by FEM (Finite Element b) False
method) and FDTD (finite difference time domain). Explanation: FEM and FDTF are used to solve the partial
23. Which of the following technique in Microstrip differential equations. HFSS is a commercial tool used
antennas is used to solve the partial differential for the FEM solver for the purposes of the
equations? electromagnetic structure of the antenna. Those finite
layers can be rectangles or triangles. FEM is used in
a) MoM but not FEM analyzing complex structural elements too.

b) FEM and MoM

c) FDTD and MoM 27. Which of the following is the most common version of
the printed antenna?
d) FEM and FDTD
a) Horn antenna
Explanation: To solve the partial differential equations in
Microstrip antenna FEM (Finite Element method) and b) Microstrip antenna
FDTF (finite difference time domain) techniques are
employed. In the course of the electromagnetic c) Wire antenna
properties’ derivation, MoM (Method of moments) is d) Lens antenna
employed in solving the mixed potential integrated
equations. Explanation: A microstrip antenna is a type of printed
antenna created through the photolithography technique,
24. Acronym of HFSS is for _______ featuring a radiation patch on one side of a dielectric
a) High frequency structural stimulator substrate and a ground plane on the other. The patch
can come in various shapes, including circular or
b) High frequency synthesis software rectangular designs, allowing for versatility in
applications
c) Hardware for stimulating system
d) High frequency system software
28. In which of the following type of antenna a patch is
Explanation: HFSS is an Ansys tool used for the analysis created during fabrication?
of the antenna properties like radiation and designing
antenna. HFSS is acronym used for High frequency a) Microstrip antenna
structural stimulator. HFSS is a commercial FEM solver
for the electromagnetic structure of the antenna. b) Horn antenna
c) Wire antenna

25. Which of the following is a versatile technique to d) Lens antenna

analyze the complex structure of Microstrip antenna in Explanation: A microstrip antenna is fabricated by
HFSS? creating a patch on a dielectric substrate using a photo-
a) MoM etching process, and variations in the patch's shape and
size can affect its return loss. Unlike microstrip antennas,
b) FEM horn antennas are waveguide types, while wire antennas
consist of dipole structures and do not feature a patch.
c) FDTD
d) Cavity Method
29. In Microstrip antenna, the patch and feed line is
photo etched on dielectric substrate
a) True 33. The basic equation of radiation that is applied to any
antenna irrespective of the type of the antenna is:
b) False
a) iL= Qv
Explanation: A microstrip antenna is a kind of printed
antenna made by using photolithography technique b) iQ = Lv
which consists of design is ground plane and dielectric
substrate having radiation patch. The antenna is coupled c) i/L=Q/v
to a signal source via a feed line which is developed d) None of the mentioned
through a photo etching process. This design approach
is known for its small size and manufacturing simplicity Explanation: Basic equation of radiation is given by
iL=Qv. i is the time change in current; l is the length of
the current element; q is the charge v is the acceleration
30. The shape of the patch in rectangular Microstrip of the charge.
antenna is ____
a) Rectangular 34. When the separation between two lines that carry the
b) Circular TEM wave approaches λ the wave tends to be radiated.

c) Cylindrical a) True

d) Elliptical b) False

Explanation: The shape of the patch determines the type Explanation: When the separation between two lines that
of microstrip antenna; for instance, a rectangular chary the TEM wave approaches λ the wave tends to be
microstrip antenna has a rectangular patch, while other radiated so that the opened – out line act as an antenna
microstrip antennas can feature patches in various which lunches a free space wave.
shapes, including circular, elliptical, and triangular. This 35. The number of patterns radiation pattern required to
versatility in design allows for a range of applications and specify the characteristic are:
performance characteristics in different communication
technologies. a) Three
b) Four
31. The basic requirements of transmitting antennas are: c) Two
a) High efficiency d) Five
b) Low side lobes Explanation: The three patterns required are, θ
component of the electric field as the function of the
c) large signal to noise ratio angles as θ and φ, the φ component of the electric field
d) Lone of the mentioned as the function of the angles θ and φ, the phase of these
fields as a functions of the angle φ and θ.
Explanation: Some of the most important characteristics
of a transmitting antenna are high gains and efficiency
while of the receiving antennas are low side lobes and 36. The beam width of the antenna pattern measured at
high signal to noise ratios. half power points is called:
32. _________ is a device that converts electrons to a) Half power beam width
photons or vice-versa.
b) Full null beam width
a) Antenna
c) Beam width
b) Electron gun
d) None of the mentioned
c) Photon amplifier
Explanation: The beam width of an antenna measure at
d) Microwave tube half of the maximum power received by an antenna or
Explanation: An antenna is defined formally as a the 3 dB beam width of the antenna is termed as half null
component that transmits or receives electrons in the beam width.
form of photons or the reciprocal. A transmitting antenna 37. An antenna has a field pattern of E (θ) = cos2 θ, θ
just transmits electrons to form photons and a receiving varies between 0 and 900. Half power beam width of the
antenna just receives photons to from electrons. antenna is:
a) 330
b) 660
c) 12000
d) None of the mentioned
Explanation: Half power beam width of the antenna is
obtained by equating the field pattern of the antenna to
0.707 (half power point) and finding θ. 2θ gives the value
of beam width. Solving the given problem in the same
flow, half power beam width of the antenna is 660.

38. An antenna has a field pattern E (θ) =cos θ. cos 2θ.

The first null beam width of the antenna is:
a) 45
b) 90
c) 180
d) 120
Explanation: Half power beam width of the antenna is
obtained by equating the field pattern of the antenna to
0.707 (half power point) and finding θ. 2θ gives the value
of beam width. Twice the half power beam width gives
the first null beam width. With the same steps applied,
the half power beam width of the antenna is 450. First
null beam width is 900.

39. The solid area through which all the power radiated
by the antenna is:
a) Beam area
b) Effective area
c) Aperture area
d) Beam efficiency
Explanation: The beam area is the solid angle through
which all of the power radiated by the antenna would
stream if P (θ, φ) maintained its maximum value over
beam area and zero elsewhere. This value is
approximately equal to the angles subtended by the half
power points of the main lobe in the two principal planes.

40. Power radiated from an antenna per unit solid angle

is called radiation intensity.
a) True
b) False
Explanation: The power emitted by the antenna in the
solid angle is referred to as radiation intensity. The unit
of radiation intensity is given in watts per steradian or per
square degree.