INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

(Autonomous)
Dundigal, Hyderabad - 500 043

COMMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (Data Science)

QUESTION BANK

Course Title IMAGE PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS

Course Code ACDC08
Program B.Tech
Semester V CSE(DS)
Course Type Professional Elective-I
Regulation IARE - UG20
Theory Practical
Course Structure Lecture Tutorials Credits Laboratory Credits
3 - 3 - -
Course Coordinator Dr. G.Ganapathi Rao, Asst. Professor

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The students will try to learn:

I Image processing concepts, analysis and techniques.

II The image analysis and its classifications.
III Visualization of different kinds of images.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
After successful completion of the course, students should be able to:
CO 1 Understand the principles of image processing and techniques for describing Understand
the Digital Imaging System (DIS).
CO 2 Analyze various techniques for for image enhancement and develop image Analyze
restoration models.
CO 3 Apply image segmentation methos for transforming the image and conduct Apply
Image Morphology.
CO 4 Apply the image segmentation techniques for the classification of image Apply
registration.
CO 5 Understand the different techniques for image registration. Understand
CO 6 Analyze the visualization methods and apply them for 2D and 3D images. Analyze
QUESTION BANK:
MODULE I
IMAGE PROCESSING FUNDAMENTALS
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
Q.No QUESTION Taxonomy How does this subsume CO’s
the level
1 Explore the steps of Understand The learner to Recall the CO1
specifications of Image image processing and
Sensing and Acquisition for Understand components
CT-scan image application and understanding the
image processing.
2 Determine the arithmetic by Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
image operations between representation of digital
the following two images image and Apply the image
pixels functions f1 and f2 operations and understand
respectively. the convolution and
correlation property on
image.

3 Obtaine the simple relation Understanding The learner to Recall the CO 1

of sampling and sampling of the image , and
quantization With necessary Understand grey levels,
steps. quantization and apply for
the calculation of time
taken for the image .
4 Compute the some of the Understand The learner to Recall the CO1
frequently used image file image transforms frequently
formats with suitable and Understand basis
examples. function and image file
formats.

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5 Obtain the intensity Apply The learner to Recall the CO2
transformation matrix For representation of digital
4x4 of f(M.N) with suitable image and Understand
examples. basis function apply
intensity transformation
matrix 4x4 of f(m.n).
6 Compute the pixel relations Apply The learner to Recall the CO 2
of the 4 × 4 grayscale image representation of digital
f(x, y) shown below. image and Understand the
properties of Pixel
Relationships and apply it
on image coefficients f(x,y).

7 Compute the transpose of Apply The learner to Recall the CO 2

(F*) image operation of the representation of digital
transform coefficients F(k, l image and Understand the
) given below. properties of pixel
relationships and apply it
on transform coefficients F
(k,l).

8 Obtain the intensity Apply The learner to Recall the CO2

transform basis for the representation of digital
following matrix of samples image and Understand the
properties of Pixel
Relationships and apply
transform of the 2 x 2 image

Page 3
9 Find hadamard forward and Apply The learner to Recall the CO2
reverse transformation of representation of digital
given matrix image and Understand the
properties of Reverse
transformation and apply
hadamard forward and
reverse transformation

10 Obtain the Noise model of Analyze The learner to Recall the CO2
matrix for N = 4 and verify representation of digital
with suitable example. image and Understand the
properties of Noise model
and analyze the matrix for
N=4 .
PART B-LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Explain any four basic Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
relationships between pixels. relationship between pixels
and Understand the
Neighbor of a pixels
2 Demonstrate the Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
components of digital image image coordinates and
processing system and Understand elements of
explain each block. image processing system.
3 Define digital image and Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
Discuss how digital images representation of digital
are represented with neat image and Understand the
diagrams. processing of digital image.
4 Discuss sampling and Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
quantization With necessary sampling and quantization
diagrams. techniques and
Understand the conversion
of analog image in to digital
image.
5 Discuss the effect of Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
increasing sampling sampling and quantization
frequency and quantization and Understand effect of
levels on image increasing the sampling
frequency and greylevels
6 List and explain Remember —– CO 1
applications of image
processing

Page 4
7 Define spatial resolutions? Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
Discuss the effect on the sampling and quantization
image by reducing it. Understand effect of
increasing the sampling
frequency.
8 Interpret the concept of Understand The learner to Recall CO 1
non-uniform sampling and quantization and
quantization. Understand the non
uniform quantization.
9 Discuss the most commonly Understand The learner to Recall CO 1
used distance measures in digital image, neighbours
image processing and Understand various
distance measures.
10 The image refers to a two Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
dimensional light intensity Gray levels and
function. Discuss in detail. Understand the Gray level
to binary conversion.
11 Discuss the image Understand The learner to Recall CO 1
acquisition using a single image acquisition and
sensor, sensor strips and Understand various
sensor arrays. sensors
12 What is restoration models? Understand The learner to Recall nthe CO 2
Explain in detail and Write image transforms and
its properties. Understand basis function
of transform.
13 Explain about intensity Understand The learner to Recall the CO 2
Transform and Write its image transforms and
properties . Understand basis function
of intensity transformation
14 Explain the following two Understand The learner to Recall the CO 2
image operations of i) discrete fourier transform
spatial operations ii) and Understand the
stastical operations properties of 2D DFT
15 Explain the following Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
mathematical operations on fundamental concept of
digital images i) Array images and Understand
versus Matrix operations ii) various mathematical
Linear versus Nonlinear operations on digital image.
Operations
16 Describe the need of image Understand The learner to Recall the CO 2
transform? List out various image transforms and
transform used in image Understand different
processing. transforms.

Page 5
17 Explain the following terms Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
of conceptual arrangement: concept of pixels and
(i) Adjacency (ii) Understand the
Connectivity (iii) Regions relationship between pixels
(iv) Boundaries
18 State the following two Understand The learner to Recall the CO 2
properties of image discrete fourier transform
operations i) Translation ii) and Understand the
Rotation properties of image
operations
19 Derive the basis function for Understand The learner to Recall the CO2
restoration model image transform and
Understand the basis
function of restoration
model.
20 Prepare the Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
4,8-,m-adjacancy based on concept of pixels and
the lengths of shortest Understand the
4,8,m-paths between pixels relationship between pixels
with suitable examples.
PART C-SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Define digital image Remember —– CO 1
processing
2 Write any two origins of Remember —– CO 1
image processing?
3 Mention different types of Remember —- CO 1
digital images.
4 Mention different bands in Remember —- CO 1
electromagnetic spectrum.
5 Which step is the objective Remember —- CO 1
of digital image processing?
6 Explain the hardware Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
components of an image digital image and
processing. Understand the
components of an image
processing
7 What is meant by Image Remember —- CO 1
Pixel?
8 What are the different fields Remember —- CO 1
in which Digital Image
Processing is used?
9 What is the need of image Remember —- CO 1
processing?

Page 6
10 Explain connectivity and Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
path in relationship between digital image and
pixels. Understand the
relationship between pixels
11 Discuss about 4,8,diagonal Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
neighbours. relationship between pixels
and Understand the image
connectivity
12 Explain region and Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
boundary in the image. image connectivity and
Understand the region
and boundary of an image
13 Write the changes in sizes of Remember —– CO 1
different resolution images?
14 What is meant by Remember —– CO 1
illumination and reflectance
in image function?
15 What are the applications Remember —- CO 1
of image processing?
16 List the different Remember —– CO 1
components in a simple
Image formation model.
17 Explain about sampling role Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
in digitization process. sampling theorem and
Understand the
digitization process
18 Explain about quantization Understand The learner to Recall the CO 1
in digitization process. sampling and quantization
techniques and
Understand the digitizing
amplitude values
19 List the basic steps involved Remember — CO 1
in image processing?
20 Define distance measure and Remember —– CO 1
Give the different distance
measures.

Page 7
 MODULE II
IMAGE ENHANCEMENT AND RESTORATION
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 Obtain histogram Understand CO 3
equalization characterstics,
suppose that a 3-bit image
(L = 8) of size 64 X 64
pixels (MN = 4096) has the
intensity distributuon
shown in Table

rk nk Pr (rk) = nk /M N
r0 = 0 790 0.19
r1 = 1 1023 0.25
r2 = 2 850 0.21
r3 = 3 656 0.16
r4 = 4 329 0.08
r5 = 5 245 0.06
r6 = 6 122 0.03
r7 = 7 81 0.02
2 Apply the steps involved in Apply The learner to Recall the CO 3
histogram equalization on operation of pixels and gray
the image. levels and Understand the
histogram equalization and
apply image segment of size
5 X 5 and analyze the result
with original image

3 Obtain histogram Apply The learner to Recall the CO 3

equalization for the operation of pixels and gray
following image segment of levels and Understand the
size 5 X 5? Write the histogram equalization and
inference on image segment apply image segment of
before and after equalization size 5 X 5

Page 8
4 A 4 × 4, 4bits/pixel image Apply The learner to Recall point CO 3
f(m, n) is passed through processing and
point-wise intensity Understand the round
transformation operation and apply on
image.

5 Given an image of size 3 × Apply The learner to Recall point CO 3

3 as processing and
Understand the log
transformation and apply
on image.

6 Obtain histogram Analyze The learner to Recall the CO 3

equalization for the operation of pixels and gray
following image segment of levels and Understand the
size 5 X 5? Write the histogram equalization and
inference on image segment apply image segment of
before and after equalization size 5 X 5 and analyze the
result with original image

Page 9
7 Compute the bit planes of Apply The learner to Recall point CO 3
the given 8 bit image processing and
Understand the round
operation and apply on
image .

8 Compute the value of the Apply The learner to Recall low CO 3

marked pixels if it is pass and high pass filters
smoothened by a 3 × 3 and Understand in image
average filter. processing for image
enhancement and apply on
a segment of image.

9 If a low pass filter is formed Apply The learner to Recall low CO 3

that averages the 4 pass filter and Understand
neighbours of a point (x,y) the kernel in image
but excludes point itself. processing for image
Find the equivalent transfer enhancement and apply
function in frequency fourier transform for spatial
domain. Show that it is low filter.
pass filter
10 Discuss on Image Understand
The learner to Recall CO 3
Morphology and basic Image Morphology and
algorithm of it. prepare algorithms and
Understand Image
Morphology and basic
algorithm.
PART B-LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS THINKING
1 Explain in detail about Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
histogram processing. probability of occurrence of
gray levels and
Understand the histogram
processing.
2 With the help of block Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
diagram explain filtering techniques and
homomorphic filtering Apply the homomorphic
approach for image Filtering
enhancement.

Page 10
3 Describe various types of Understand The learner to Recall filter CO 3
mean filters for image functions and Understand
enhancement. the various types of mean
filters.
4 Demonstrate enhancement Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
of monochrome image by monochrome technique and
histogram Understand the
monochrome image by
Histogram
5 Discuss the procedure Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
involved in Histogram operation of pixels and gray
matching. levels and Understand the
histogram equalization and
matching.
6 Explain the steps in Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
histogram equalization. operation of pixels and gray
levels and Understand the
histogram equalization .
7 Classify restoration models Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
and list out its morphology and Binary
applications4) morphology and
Understand in image
processing for image
enhancement
8 List out the various of gray Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
level transformation used operation of pixels and gray
for image enhancement. levels Understand the gray
level transformation for
image enhancement
9 Classify the Feature Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
selection Techniques, along Feature selection Techniques
with texture and boundary and Understand
representation butterworth and aussian for
image enhancement
10 Describe Butterworth low Understand The learner to Recall low CO 3
pass and Butterworth high pass and high pass filters
pass filters. and Understand the
Butterworth filter .
11 List the salient features of Understand —— CO 3
image histogram.
12 Discuss the following spatial Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
enhancement techniques. spatial filters and
iii) Spatial averaging. Understand the
(ii)Median filtering. enhancement techniques.

Page 11
13 1 1 Prepare the linear spatial Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
sharpening filtering for spatial filters and
image enhancement. Understand the linear
spatial sharpening filters.
14 Explain linear spatial Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
smoothing filtering. spatial filters and
Understand the linear
spatial smoothing filters.
15 Interpret image processing Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
transforms using point concept of point processing
processing method for iii) and Understand the
Negative image. various techniques for point
ii)Thresholding iii)Log processing.
Transformation
16 Interpret image processing Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
transform nusing point concept of point processing
processing method for and Understand the
power law transformation. various techniques for point
processing.
17 Explain smoothing of Understand The learner to Recall, CO 3
images in frequency domain region based segmentation.
using region based Understand in smoothing
segmentation. in frequency domain.
18 What is meant by the Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
Feature extraction and operation of pixels and gray
representation? Discuss level and Understand the
their role in image concept of feature extraction
enhancement. and the representation.
19 Sketch perspective plot of Understand The learner to Recall CO 3
an histogram process by feature image classification
smoothing and sharpening and prepare algorithms and
function of filter cross Understand transfer
section and explain its function for image
usefulness in Image enhancement.
enhancement.
20 Explain the following Understand
The learner to Recall point CO 3
operations: i) Binary operations and
morphology ii) Gray-level Understand the concept of
morphology Gray-level morphology and
Binary morphology.
PART C -SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Specify the objective of Remember —— CO 3
image enhancement
technique.

Page 12
2 Explain the 2 categories of Remember —— CO 3
image enhancement.
3 What are the edge Remember —— CO 3
operations?
4 What is morphology Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
processing? mask and Understand how
the mask is operating on
image.
5 What is contrast stretching? Remember —— CO 3
6 What is thresholding? Remember —— CO 3
7 What is Binary Remember —— CO 3
morphology?
8 What is image averaging? Remember —— CO 3
Give its application?
9 Explain the purpose of Understand This would require the CO 3
image averaging? learner to Recall the
averaging mask and
Understand the effect of
mask on image.
10 Give the formula for Remember —— CO 3
negative and log
transformation.
11 What is meant by bit gray Remember —— CO 3
level morphology?
12 Define histogram. Remember —— CO 3
13 Discuss image negatives? Understand This would require the CO 3
learner to Recall the image
segmentation and
Understand image
negative.
14 State the first order Remember —— CO 3
derivative filter or gradient
filter.
15 What is a Component Remember —— CO 3
Labeling ?
16 Explain median filter? Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
image enhancement
Understand median filter.
17 What is a smoothing filter? Remember —— CO 3
18 What is a sharpening filter? Remember —— CO 3

Page 13
19 Explain unsharp masking. Understand The learner to Recall the CO 3
mask and Understand use
of unsharp masking on
image.
20 What are the feature Remember —— CO 3
selection techniques ?
MODULE III
IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND MORPHOLOGY
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 Apply order Binary and Apply The learner to Recall filter CO 4
Gray level morphology and Understand the
operations on the selected various Binary and Gray
pixels in the image with level morphology
suitable example. operations.

2 Justify the discussion Apply The learner to Recall salt CO 4

“Morphological algorithms and pepper noise and
is an effective tool to Understand median filter
minimize the salt and and apply on image
pepper noise through simple segment.
illustaration.
3 Compute the Erosion and Apply The learner to Recall grey CO 4
Dilation, value of the level image and
prepared based pixels with Understand median filter
illustrations. and apply on - Erosion,
Dilation,s.
4 Compare image Understand The learner to Recall CO 4
enhancement and image digital image and
restoration . Understand image
enhancement and
restoration.
5 Show effect of Closing Apply The learner to Recall grey CO 4
Operations and Distance level image and
Transforms with example Understand Closing
image. Operations Distance
Transforms and apply .
CIE-II

Page 14
6 Analyse effect of max, min Analyze The learner to Recall grey CO 4
filter for the given image level image and
and interpret the results. Understand min, max
filters and apply on image
segment 3x3 and analyze
the resulting images .
image.
7 Describe image UnderstandThe learner to Recall the CO 4
segmentation technique for image segmentation and
image restoration and write Understand transfer
active contour models in function of constrained least
details. square function.
8 Derive transfer function of Understand The learner to Recall the CO 4
regional descriptors filter and Understand
approach for image transfer function of weiner
restoration filter
9 Summarize the drawback Understand The learner to Recall the CO 4
image representation and filter and Understand
analysis with suitable image representation and
examples analysis with suitable
examples
PART B-LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Illustrate the different Understand The learner to Recall the CO6
causes of image degradation noise sources and
Understand the causes for
image degradation.
2 Summarize the power Understand The learner to Recall the CO6
density function of uniform noise sources and
noise, salt & pepper noise Understand the power
and Gaussian noise and density function of noise.
sketch it.
3 Explain mean and Understand The learner to Recall filter CO4
geometric mean filter for and Understand the
image restoration. transfer function of mean
and geometric mean filer.
4 Explain erosion and dilation Understand The learner to Recall filter CO6
for image restoration. and Understand the
transfer function of
statistical image.

Page 15
5 Demonstrate the most Understand The learner to Recall the CO6
commonly used noise noise sources and
probability density Understand the most
functions in image commonly used noise
processing applications and sources .
explain with its plot.
6 Explain the process of Understand The learner to Recall filter, CO6
restoration in the presence noise and Understand
of noise only using spatial image restoration by elastic
filters for various mean deformation.
filters?
7 Discuss the three principal Understand The learner to Recall CO6
ways to estimate the image restoration and
degradation function for use Understand image
in image restoration and degradation function.
explain it.
8 Explain regid body Understand The learner to Recall CO6
visualization used for visualization, noise and
restoring images Understand image
restoration by order
statistics filters.
9 Explain how degradation is Understand The learner to Recall CO6
estimated using image restoration and
i)observation Understand estimation of
ii)mathematical modeling image degradation function.
10 Summarize Image Understand The learner to Recall CO6
degradation and restoration image restoration and
process? Explain various Understand image
Noise filters in detail. degradation function.
CIE-II
11 Explain alpha trimmed Understand The learner to Recall CO6
filters for image restoration. image restoration and
Understand image
degradation function.
12 Discuss inverse filtering for Understand The learner to Recall the CO6
image restoration. filter and Understand
transfer function of inverse
filtering.
13 Demonstrate the model for Understand The learner to Recall the CO6
image degradation. image restoration and
Understand image
degradation model.

Page 16
14 Discuss constrained least Understand The learner to Recall the CO 4
square filtering method for filter and Understand
restoration in details transfer function of
constrained least square
function.
15 Discuss about exponential, Understand The learner to Recall the CO 4
ayleigh noise and how it can noise models and
be removed. Understand the removal of
noise.
16 Describe inverse filtering for Understand The learner to Recall CO 4
removal of blur caused by concept of blur
any motion and describe Understand the blur
how it restore the image removal by inverse filtering.
17 Explain the following Understand The learner to Recall CO 4
filtering techniques (1) spatial filter for restoration
Noise models by mean of and Understand the
filter (2) Constrained concept of various filters.
models by mean of filter (3)
Homomorphic filter
18 Summarize minimum mean Understand The learner to Recall the CO 4
square error filtering for filter and Understand
image restoration. transfer function of
minimum mean square filter
function.
19 Discuss about erlang noise Understand The learner to Recall the CO 4
and how it can be removed. noise sources and
Understand the power
density function of noise.
20 What is Image restoration? Understand The learner to Recall CO 4
Draw and explain the basic image restoration and
block diagram of the Understand image
restoration process. Give degradation function.
two areas where restoration
process can be applied

Page 17
 PART C- SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What is meant by Image Remember ——- CO 4
Restoration?
2 How a degradation process Remember ——- CO 4
is modeled?
3 Differentiate image Remember ——- CO 4
enhancement and image
restoration
4 What are the two methods Remember ——- CO 4
of algebraic image
restoration approach?
5 What is inverse filtering? Remember ——- CO 4
6 What is pseudo inverse Remember ——- CO 4
filter?
7 Explain the causes of Understand The learner to Recall CO 4
degradation in an image. image restoration and
Understand causes for
image degradation.
8 What are the two methods Remember ——- CO 4
of algebraic image
restoration approach?
9 What is dynamic (or) Remember ——- CO 4
Adaptive thresholding?
10 Explore the restoration is Remember ——- CO 4
called unconstrained
restoration?
CIE-II
11 Write notes on Least square Remember ——- CO 4
error filter
12 Describe constrained least Remember ——- CO 4
square filtering for image
restoration and derive its
transfer function.
13 What is inverse filtering? Remember ——- CO 4
14 What is pseudo inverse Remember ——- CO 4
filter?
15 What is a adaptive median Remember ——- CO 4
filter?
16 Define arithmetic mean Remember ——- CO 4
filter .
17 Define geometric mean filter Remember ——- CO 4
.
18 Explain spatial filtering. Remember ——- CO 4

Page 18
19 What is a median filter? Remember ——- CO 4
20 What is harmonic mean Remember ——- CO 4
filter?
MODULE IV
IMAGE ANALYSIS AND CLASSIFICATION
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 Consider an image segment Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
of size 5x5 and explain the image into segments of its
magnitude and direction of constituents and
the gradient of the pixel. Understand the
magnitude and direction of
the gradient of the pixel.
2 Explain image segmentation Understand The learner to Recall CO 5
for detecting pixel- based image segmentation and
,edge- based ,region-based Understand the image
segmentation
3 Illustrate medical image Understand The learner to Recall CO 5
segmentation for detecting gradient operator and
pixel- based ,edge- based Understand the medical
,region-based image segmentation.
4 Explain statistical image Understand The learner to Recall CO 5
representation for detecting gradient operator and
edges and its response Understand the statistical
image representation.
5 Apply pixel based and edge Apply The learner to Recall the CO 5
based procedural stepts to image into segments of its
segment any image with constituents and
suitable illustrations. Understand the
information contained and
apply pixel based and edge
based

6 Show that a invariant Understand The learner to Recall CO 5

feature transformation separable property and
separable while the Understand the invariant
whole-image features object feature transformation.
is need to be seperable.
7 Prepare the active contour Apply The learner to Recall CO 5
models and Level sets for segment of an image and
medical image segmentation Understand Active
contour model of an image
and apply to c Level sets
by structuring element B.

Page 19
8 Discuss the binary image Apply The learner to Recall the CO 5
statistical image image into segments of its
classification are exstended constituents and
with suitable industrial Understand the
applications structuring element and
apply tatistical image
classification
9 The input picture and Apply The learner to Recall CO 5
structuring elements are binary image representation
shown below. Perform the and Understand the
erosion and dila- structuring element and
tion of the given below table. apply the input image is
eroded and dilation by
structuring element B.

10 The Feature extraction and Apply The learner to Recall CO 5

representation of an image. binary image representation
Perform the industrial and Understand the
applications. structuring element and
apply the Feature
extraction and
representation.

Page 20
 PART B-LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 How do you perform edge Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
detection? Give suitable image into segments of its
algorithm and discuss how constituents and
the edge points are linked. Understand smaller
entities for region based
segmentation.
2 Discuss how region Growing Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
approach are used for image image into segments of its
3segmentation. constituents and
Understand smaller
entities for Edge linking
based segmentation.
3 Discuss how region splitting Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
and merging approach are image into segments of its
used for image constituents and
segmentation. Understand smaller
entities for global
thresholding.
4 What is edge detection? Understand The learner to Recall the CO5
Describe in detail about the image into segments of its
types of edge detection constituents and
operations. Understand smaller
entities for region based
segmentation.
5 Illustrate Image Understand The learner to Recall the CO5
visualization on rigid body Image visualization and
visualization. Understand smaller
entities for Image
visualization.
6 Explain global processing Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
using Hough transform image into segments of its
constituents and
Understand the closing
operation in image
morphology segmentation.
7 What do you Understand Remember ——- CO 5
by dilation and erosion in
morphological operation?
Explain in detail.
8 How do you link edge pixels Remember ——- CO 5
through global processing?

Page 21
9 Explain region based Remember ——- CO 5
segmentation and region
growing with an example.
10 Discuss image segmentation Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
based on various image into segments and
thresholding techniques. Understand in to
morphing for dilation and
erosion.
11 Describe gradient operators Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
based edge detection image into segments and
method with necessary Understand the
masks and equations. thresholding process.
12 Explain gradient operators Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
based edge detection image into segments and
method with necessary Understand the boundary
masks and equations. characteristics.
13 Explain edge linking using Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
Hough transform. image into segments and
Understand the image
segmentation.
14 Explain the following Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
morphological algorithms i) image into segments and
Boundary extraction ii) Understand the Hough
Hole filling. transform for edge linking
image segmentation.
15 Explain the following Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
morphological algorithms. i) image into segments and
Thinning ii) Thickening Understand the edge
linking in image
segmentation.
16 With necessary figures, Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
explain the opening and image into segments of its
closing operations. constituents and
Understand smaller
entities for region splitting
and merging based on
segmentation.
17 How can you control Over Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
segmentation problem? image into segments and
Explain it. Understand the of
Hit-or-Miss morphological
transformation

Page 22
18 Explain the detection of Understand
The learner to Recall the CO 5
isolated points in an image. image into segments and
Understand in to
morphing image processing
19 Explain about Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
morphological hit-or-miss image into segments and
transform. Understand in to
morphing for dilation and
erosion of image processing.
20 Explain watershed Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
transformation and discuss image into segments and
about its advantages and Understand the of
disadvantages. Hit-or-Miss morphological
transformation.
PART C-SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What is segmentation? Remember ——- CO 5
2 Write the applications of Remember ——- CO 5
segmentation
3 What are the three types of Remember ——- CO 5
discontinuity in digital
image?
4 How the derivatives are Remember ——- CO 5
obtained in edge detection
during formulation?
5 What are the two properties Remember ——- CO 5
used for establishing
similarity of edge pixels?
6 Give the properties of the Remember ——- CO 5
second derivative around an
edge?˙
7 Define Gradient Operator. Remember ——- CO 5
8 What is meant by zero Remember ——- CO 5
crossing property of second
order derivative?
9 What are the disadvantages Remember ——- CO 5
of Laplacian operator?
10 What are the various Remember ——- CO 5
techniques that can be used
for edge linking?
11 What is object point and Remember ——- CO 5
background point?
12 What is thresholding? Remember ——- CO 5
What are its types?

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13 What is Global Remember ——- CO 5
Thresholding?
14 What is variable Remember ——- CO 5
Thresholding?
15 What are the disadvantages Remember ——- CO 5
of thresholding?
16 What are the disadvantages Remember ——- CO 5
of thresholding?
17 Define region growing?. Remember ——- CO 5
18 Specify the steps involved in Understand The learner to Recall the CO 5
splitting and merging. image into segments and
Understand in to smaller
entities for image
segmentation
19 Define morphological Remember ——- CO 5
operations.
20 Define statistical image Remember ——- CO 5
classification.
MODULE V
IMAGE REGISTRATION AND VISUALIZATION
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 Determine the interactive Analyze The learner to Recall the CO 6
principle access registration interactive principle access
with suitable example. registration Understand
the encoding process then
apply Huffman code for
given source and analyze
average length of the code
and its
2 Explore A source rigid body Analyze The learner to Recall CO 6
visualization from any average method of 2D and
method of 2D or 3D display 3D display Understand
with any examples. the encoding process then
apply method of 2D or 3D
display for given source and
analyze method of 2D or
3D display

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3 For the image shown below Apply The learner to Recall CO 6
compute the elastic Understand the principal
deformation- based axis registration apply
registration that can be elastic deformation for given
Interactive principal axis image.
registration in digital image
analytical.

4 Explore the feature based Apply The learner to Recall Rigid CO 6

registration which source body visualization,
from rigid body Understands the feature
visualization with examples, based registration then
apply .
5 Encode the word Apply The learner to Recall the CO 6
a1,a2,a3,a4 using arithmetic codeword and Understand
coding and find tag for the the procedure for arithmetic
given probabilities.a1=0.2, coding and apply it to find
a2= 0.2,a3=0.4, a4=0.2 the word length and code
length
6 Perform steps of algorithm Analyze The learner to Recall the CO 6
for the following alogrithm efficiency and
Descriptors, Whole-image Understand the intensity
Features object and Scale distribution and apply
for the industrial algorithm and compare with
applications that of uniform length code.
7 List out the steps of Apply The learner to Recall the CO 6
algorithm of Invariant codeword and Understand
Feature Transform (SIFT) the procedure for uffman
and its importance with coding and apply it to find
suitable example. the average length of the
code and its redundancy.
8 Compute from S={S0 ,S1, Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
S2, S3,S4} with encoding techniques and
corresponding probabilities Understand the uffman
P= {0.4 ,0.2,0.2,0.1,0.1} of coding for source symbols
principal axis registration. and probabilities.
9 Outline about principal axis Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
registration. principal axis registration
and Understand the
principal axis registration
and probabilities.

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10 Why elastic Understand
The learner to Recall the CO 6
deformation-based cinteractive principal axis
registration is better than a registration and
interactive principal axis Understand the elastic
registration? Summarize the deformation-based
merits and de-merits. registration better than a
interactive principal axis
registration.
PART B-LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Differentiate elastic Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
deformation-based techniques and
registration and interactive Understand the
principal axis registration. redundancies in a digital
image
2 Demonstrate feature based Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
registration with example. techniques and
Understand the feature
based registration in digital
image
3 Explain the need for image Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
visualization and image need for image visualization
visualization encoding and Understand the image
approach is used for virtual visualization
reality based image
visualization.
4 Demonstrate arithmetic Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
coding with example. need for image compression
and Understand the
arithmetic Coding.
5 Explain the average length Understand The learner to Recall CO 6
of the code. Is Huffman average length of the code
code uniquely decodable? If and Understand uffman
so , Justify your answer. code.
6 How an image is pixel based Understand the learner to Recall the CO 6
JPEG in image compression standard and
segmentation? Understand the JPEG
image.
7 Explain in detail about the Understand the learner to Recall the CO 6
arithmetic coding compression techniques and
Understand the arithmetic
coding in a digital image

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8 Describe run length Understand the learner to Recall the CO 6
encoding with examples compression techniques and
Understand the run length
encoding in a digital image
9 What is mean by Virtual Understand the learner to Recall the CO 6
reality interactive image to take number of
visualization and write the bits and Understand
applications of it bVirtual reality interactive
visualization
10 List out and explain in Understand —— CO 6
detail about the Virtual
reality interactive
visualization
11 Relate the statistical shape Understand —— CO 6
standard and the steps
involved in statistical image
classification.
12 Which type of method to Understand the learner to Recall the CO 6
generating variable length compression techniques and
codes with an example. Understand the variable
length encoding in a digital
image
13 Show whole-image features Understand the learner to Recall the CO 6
object along with an whole-image features and
examples. prepare algorithms and
Understand the arithmetic
encoding
14 Why whole-image features Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
and prepare the need for compression techniques and
image relates with an Understand the
example. whole-image features in a
digital image
15 Relate the medical image Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
segmentation and the steps image segmentation
involved in image techniques and
representation. Understand the medical
image segmentation in a
digital image
16 Select and match the image Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
visualization and their image visualization methods
display methods with and Understand the
examples removal methods in a digital
image

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17 Demonstrate with example UnderstandThe learner to Recall the CO 6
level sets for medical image prepare algorithms and
segmentation Understand the coding for
binary arithmetic process
for medical image
segmentation.
18 Compare Feature and Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
Elastic deformation based Elastic deformation based
registration registration and
Understand to active
contour models
19 Relate Image Visualization Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
with merits and demerits compression techniques and
Understand the JPEG
compression in a digital
image
20 Draw the suitable diagrams Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
of registration of system compression techniques and
and relate with image Understand the transform
compression. coding compression in a
digital image
PART C-SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What is image classification Remember ——- CO 6
and its importance?
2 Which is the need for Remember ——- CO 6
Compression?
3 What are the types of Remember ——- CO 6
redundancy?
4 Define coding redundancy. Remember ——- CO 6
5 What are the pixel and edge Remember ——- CO 6
of images.
6 Define Psychovisual Remember ——- CO 6
redundancy.
7 What is Image Remember ——- CO 6
representation and analysis?
8 Construct the rigid body Remember ——- CO 6
visualization.
9 State the feature based Remember ——- CO 6
registration.
10 Prepare the statistical Text. Remember ——- CO 6
11 What are the operations Remember ——- CO 6
performed by descriptors?

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 12 What is Variable image Remember ——- CO 6
visualization?
13 List out the advantages of Remember ——- CO 6
image registration?
14 What are the coding Remember ——- CO 6
systems in JPEG?
15 What are the basic steps in Remember ——- CO 6
image registration?
16 State whether the following Remember ——- CO 6
image visualization
methods: 2D and 3D
display methods
17 Match the feature based Remember ——- CO 6
registration with example.
18 Explain the Image Understand The learner to Recall the CO 6
visualization and Data Virtual Reality and prepare
Redundancy. the relative algorithms and
Understand to image
intensity levels for feature
based registration.
19 Draw and relate diagram of Remember ——- CO 6
Interactive principal axis
registration.
20 Prepare the importance of Remember —- CO 6
Virtual Reality based
interactive visualization

Course Coordinator: HOD

CSE(DS)
Dr. G. Ganapathi Rao, Asst. Professor

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