Program Explanation:
1. ORG 000h:
This directive sets the origin of the program to memory
address 0000h. This is where the program will start executing.
2. MOV R0, #30H:
This instruction moves the value 30H (hexadecimal) into
register R0. R0 is now pointing to memory address 30H.
3. MOV R1, #50H:
This instruction moves the value 50H into register R1. R1 is now
pointing to memory address 50H.
4. MOV R3, #05H:
This instruction moves the value 05H into register R3. R3 will act as a
counter for a loop.
5. BACK: MOV A, @R0:
This is a label (BACK:) that marks the start of a loop. The
instruction MOV A, @R0 moves the contents of the memory location
pointed to by R0 into the accumulator (A).
6. MOV @R1, A:
This instruction moves the contents of the accumulator ( A) into the
memory location pointed to by R1.
7. INC R0:
This increments the value in R0 by 1, so it now points to the next
memory location.
8. INC R1:
This increments the value in R1 by 1, so it now points to the next
memory location.
9. DJNZ R3, BACK:
This instruction decrements the value in R3 by 1 and jumps to the
label BACK if R3 is not zero. This creates a loop that will run 5 times
(since R3 was initially set to 05H).
10. END:
This directive marks the end of the program.
What Does This Program Do?
The program copies a block of 5 bytes of data from memory
locations starting at 30H to memory locations starting at 50H.
It uses R0 as a pointer to the source memory location (30H)
and R1 as a pointer to the destination memory location ( 50H).
The loop runs 5 times (R3 = 05H), copying one byte at a time and
incrementing the pointers (R0 and R1) after each copy.
CODE FOR WITHOUT OVERLAPPING
org 000h
MOV R0, #30H
MOV R1, #50H
MOV R3, #05H
BACK: MOV A,@R0
MOV @R1, A
INC R0
INC R1
DJNZ R3, BACK
END
WITH OVERLAPPING CODE:
org 000h
MOV R0, #30H
MOV R1, #35H
MOV R3, #0AH
BACK: MOV A, @R0
MOV @R1, A
INC R0
INC R1
DJNZ R3, BACK
END
The provided 8051 assembly code copies 10 bytes of data from
memory locations starting at 30H to a destination starting at 35H. Here's
the step-by-step explanation:
1. Initialization:
o R0 is set to 30H (source address).
o R1 is set to 35H (destination address).
o R3 is loaded with 0AH (10 iterations).
2. Loop Execution:
o The loop (BACK) runs 10 times (DJNZ R3, BACK).
o Each iteration:
Copies a byte from the address in R0 to the accumulator
(MOV A, @R0).
Writes the accumulator's value to the address in R1 (MOV
@R1, A).
Increments R0 and R1 to point to the next
source/destination addresses.
3. Overlap Issue:
o The source (30H–39H) and destination (35H–3EH)
regions overlap.
o First 5 iterations: Bytes from 30H–34H are copied to 35H–
39H, overwriting the original data in 35H–39H.
o Next 5 iterations: Bytes from 35H–39H (now containing the
copied data from 30H–34H) are copied to 3AH–3EH.
o Result: The destination (35H–3EH) contains two copies of
the original data from 30H–34H. The original data from 35H–
39H is lost.
Final Outcome:
The code attempts to copy 10 bytes from 30H to 35H but fails due to
overlapping regions. The destination ends up with duplicated data from
the first half of the source (30H–34H), repeated in 35H–39H and 3AH–3EH.
