Taiki Saito
Procedure of Capacity Spectrum Method
Step1. Draw Demand Spectrum
Example of demand spectrum using the design spectrum of Japanese Code.
Table 1. Definition of design acceleration response spectrum of safety limit state
(Building Standard Law, Japan)
Acceleration response spectrum
S A (m / s 2 ) Period (s )
S A = 3.2 + 30T , T < 0.16
S A = 8, 0.16 ≤ T < 0.64
S A = 5.12 / T , 0.64 ≤ T
S A (m / s 2 ) 9
8
7
h = 0.05
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 T (s )
2
2π
Draw the Demand Spectrum ( S A − S D Spectrum) SD = S A /ω = S A
2
T
9
2
S A (m / s ) 8
7 h = 0.05
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 S D (m)
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1
Step 2. Draw the Capacity Curve of the building and define the yield displacement
Run STERA_3D for STATIC LOAD
Get output data
From “response_structure.txt”, decide “Yielding Point” by your own decision.
In this case, when the story drift ration becomes 1/200 (at 2F), the Sd(cm) is 8.4cm.
Therefore, I decide Sd=8.4cm as the yield displacement and the corresponding point of the capacity
curve is decided as Yield Point.
Capacity Courve Sd - story drift of each story
each
700 14
600 12 2F
1F
500 10
3F
400 8
4F
300 6 5F
6F
200 4
7F
1/200
100 2
0 0 Sd
0 5 8.4 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 0 5 8.4 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
In case of infill masonry, the story drift might be smaller such as 1/400.
2
Step 3. Find the performance point
900
800 μ=1
μ=2
700
600 Performance point Capacity curve
500
400
Demand spectrum (h=0.05)
300
200 Demand spectrum (h=he)
Demand curve
100
0
Dy=8.4cm 2Dy
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00
① Assume the ductility factor μ= 1 and decide the point on the capacity curve
② Draw the line of equivalent stiffness
③ Find the performance point as the intersection between the demand spectrum and the line
④ Change the ductility factor μ= 2 and decide the point on the capacity curve
⑤ Draw the line of equivalent stiffness
⑥ Calculate the equivalent damping, he , from the following empirical formula
1
he = 0.251 − + 0.05 he = 0.123 for μ= 2
µ
⑦ Calculate reduction factor of spectrum, Fh , from the following empirical formula
Sh 1.5
Fh = = Fh = 0.67 for h=0.123
S 0.05 1 + 10h
⑧ Reduce the demand spectra S A and S D × Fh and draw the demand spectrum (green line)
⑨ Find the performance point as the intersection between the demand spectrum and the line
⑩ Connecting performance points with different ductility factors (demand curve) and find the
intersection with the capacity curve, that is the final performance point
3
Step 4. Obtain story displacement and force
Capacity Courve
700
600
500
Performance point
400
300
200
100
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
From the data of “response_structure.txt”, find out the story drift and shear force at Sd = 10 cm
(performance point).
story drift (cm) shear (kN)
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0
0 1 2 3 0 10000 20000 30000
You can compare the results with time-history response analysis to check the accuracy of this
method.
4
You can apply Capacity Spectrum Method for the real earthquake.
You can use ViewWave software to calculate the response spectrum.
ViewWave is developed by Dr. Toshihide Kashima, staff of Building Research Institute, Japan.
ViewWave is a very useful software to show the strong motion acceleration record wave form, the
Fourier spectrum, response spectrum, etc.
You can download ViewWave from
https://smo.kenken.go.jp/~kashima/viewwave
