ROEVER ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi and Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
(Inclusion under section 2 (f) and 12 (B) of the UGC act 1956)
ELAMBALUR (PO), PERAMBALUR – 621220.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
YEAR / SEM : III / VI ACADEMIC YEAR: 2023-2024
SUB.CODE& NAME :CCS345-ETHICS AND AI
UNIT I – INTRODUCTION
PART A
Q.No. Questions CO BTL
What is AI?
Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to systems that
1 display intelligent behaviour by analysing their CO1 1
environment and taking actions – with some degree of
autonomy – to achieve specific goals
Define Intelligence.
2 Intelligent behaviour is 'doing the right thing at the CO1 1
right time’. Ability to acquire and apply knowledge and
skills and to manipulate one's environment.
Identify the three common features in Intelligence.
(1) A property that an individual agent has as it
interacts with its environment or environments
3 CO1 3
(2) Related to the agent's ability to succeed or profit
with respect to some goal or objective and
(3) Depends on how able that agent is to adapt to
different objectives and environments
Describe Narrow AI.
4 A term that reflects that fact that current AIs and CO1 1
robots are typically only capable of undertaking one
specialised task.
Define Machine Learning.
5 Machine learning is the term used for AIs which are CO1 1
capable of learning or, in the case of robots,
adapting to their environment.
Distinguish between supervised and unsupervised learning.
Supervised learning make use of Artificial
Neural Networks, which are trained by presenting
the ANN with inputs each of which is tagged with an output.
6 CO1 4
This set of inputs and matched outputs is called a training data
set.
Unsupervised learning has no training data; instead,
the AI must figure out on its own how to solve a particular task ,
generally by trial and error.
Define Deep Learning.
7 The term deep learning simply refers to (typically) CO1 1
supervised machine learning systems with large
(i.e. many-layered) ANNs and large training data sets.
Define morality and ethics.
Ethics are moral principles that govern a person's
8 behaviour or the conduct of an activity. As a CO1 1
practical example, one ethical principle is to treat everyone
with respect.
What is the Impact on society in labour market?
Automation, and then mechanisation, computing, and
9 more recently AI and robotics have been CO1 1
predicted to destroy jobs and create irreversible damage to
the labour market.
Show the Impact on the Workforce.
It is hard to quantify the effect that robots, AI and sensors
10 will have on the workforce because we CO1 1
are in the early stages of the technology revolution. Economists
also disagree on the relative impact
of AI and robotics.
Illustrate the Labour-market discrimination: effects on
different demographics.
11 Different demographics will be affected to varying CO1 2
UNIT II – ETHICAL INITIATIVES IN AI
PART A
Q.No. Questions CO BTL
What are the key issues tackled for Ethics in Artificial
Intelligence?
1 Human-centric engineering and a focus on the CO2 1
cultural and social anchoring of rapid advances in AI,
covering disciplines including philosophy, ethics,
sociology, and political science.
Show the key issues tackled for Ethical Artificial
Intelligence in Education.
2 CO2 2
The potential threats to young people and education
of the rapid growth of new AI technology, and ensuring the
ethical development of AI-led EdTech
What are the important concern in Association for
Computing Machinery?
3 The transparency, usability, security, accessibility, CO2 1
accountability, and digital inclusiveness of computers and
networks, in terms of research, development, and
implementation.
Demonstrate the essential concern used in AI4All.
4 Diversity and inclusion in AI, to expose CO2 2
underrepresented groups to AI for social good and
humanity's benefit.
Outline the principal concern in the Future Society.
The impact and governance of artificial intelligence to
5 CO2 2
broadly benefit society, spanning policy research, advisory
and collective intelligence, coordination of governance,
law, and education.
What are the primary concern in the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers?
6 CO2 1
Societal and policy guidelines to keep AI and
intelligent systems human-centric, and serving humanity's
values and principles.
Explain the important concern in the Foundation
for Responsible Robotics.
7 Proactively taking stock of the issues that accompany CO2 2
technological innovation, and the impact these will have on
societal values such as safety, security, privacy, and well-
being.
Illustrate the key issues for the Ethics and Governance
of Artificial Intelligence Initiative.
8 Seeks to ensure that technologies of automation and CO2 2
machine learning are researched, developed, and deployed
in a way which vindicate social values of fairness, human
autonomy, and justice.
Classify the key issues emerge from the initiatives in
ethical harms and concerns.
Human rights and well-being, Emotional harm,
Accountability and responsibility, Security, privacy,
9 CO2 2
accessibility, and transparency, Safety and trust
,Social harm and social justice, Financial harm, Lawfulness
and justice, Control and the ethical use – or misuse – of AI,
Environmental harm and sustainability, Informed use,
Existential risk
What is 'Ethically Aligned Design’?
10 CO2 1
A Vision for PrioritisingHuman Well-being with
Autonomous and Intelligent Systems.
List the various ways in which AI could inflict
emotional harm.
11 CO2 1
The Foundation for Responsible Robotics, Partnership
UNIT III
AI STANDARDS AND REGULATION
PART A
Q.No. Questions CO BTL
Name the new generation of emerging ethical
1 CO3 1
standards.
The ethical, legal and societal impacts.
Categorize the distinct ethical hazards and risks.
2 CO3 2
Societal, Application, Commercial & Financial, and
Environmental
How affect the ethical harm in societal hazard?
Ethical harm as affecting 'psychological and/or
3 CO3 1
societal and environmental well-being.' It also recognises
that physical and emotional hazards need to be balanced
against expected benefits to the user.
List of key design for Development of robots.
Robots should not be designed primarily to kill
humans;
4 CO3 1
Humans remain responsible agents;
It must be possible to find out who is responsible for
any robot
Robots should be safe and fit for purpose;
What is the objective of P7000 standards?
Model Process for Addressing Ethical Concerns-
5 CO3 1
During System Design To establish a process for ethical
design of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems.
Define Ethical Principles and Guidelines for processing
the model.
6 CO3 2
The principles may include fairness, transparency,
accountability, privacy protection, non-discrimination,
safety, and respect for human rights.
Identify the sensor for integration systems.
7 Autonomous vehicles are equipped with a variety of CO3 2
sensors such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging),
cameras, radar, and ultrasonic sensors.
Define Deontology.
8 Ethical theory that identifies universal moral laws to CO3 2
bound the actions of all rational individuals.
Identify and prioritize values using three ethical
theories.
- Utilitarian ethics helps collect and judge positive
9 and negative outcomes CO3 2
- Virtue ethics focus on system effects on individuals’
habitual character and wellbeing;
- Duty ethics tap into the responsibility of
stakeholders by calling for the use of value priority
judgments
What are the two stages in the system life ethically
10 aligned processes? CO3 1
Concept exploration , Development.
Give the Ethical Requirements Definition Process.
The purpose of the Ethical Requirements Definition
11 CO3 1
Process is to formulate EVRs and value-based system
requirements that define how the prioritized core values and
their value demonstrators are reflected in the SOI.
Classify the approaches for transparency process.
— The first is process standards for ethically aligned
12 design CO3 1
UNIT V
AI AND ETHICS- CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
PART A
Q.No. Questions CO BTL
Why is AI ethics becoming a problem now?
Machine learning (ML) through neural networks is
advancing rapidly for three reasons:
1 CO5 1
1) Huge increase in the size of data sets;
2) Huge increase in computing power;
3) Huge improvement in ML algorithms and more human talent
to write them.
Determined the technology functions adequately, can we
actually understand how it works and properly gather data
on its functioning?
2 It turns out that with some machine learning techniques CO5 2
such as deep learning in neural networks it can be difficult or
impossible to really understand why the machine is making the
choices that it makes.
Illustrate about AGI and Super Intelligence.
AI reaches human levels of intelligence, doing
everything that humans can do as well the average human can,
then it will be an Artificial General Intelligence - an AGI - and it
3 CO5 2
will be the only other such intelligence to exist on Earth at the
human level.
AGI exceeds human intelligence, it will become a
SuperIntelligence, clever and capable than we are: something
humans have only ever related to in religions, myths, and stories
Differentiate Isolation and Loneliness.
Loneliness is the feeling of being alone, regardless of
4 the amount of social contact. Social isolation is a lack of social CO5 2
connections. Social isolation can lead to loneliness in some
people, while others can feel lonely without being socially
isolated.
What are the issues affecting the use of AI and ML in
medicine?
5 Issues affecting the use of AI and ML in medicine, such CO5 2
as fairness, privacy and anonymity, explainability and
interpretability, but also some broader societal issues, such as
ethics and legislation.
What is GDPR?
The European Union directive for General Data
6 Protection Regulation (GDPR). This directive mandates a right to CO5 1
explanation of all decisions made by “automated or artificially
intelligent algorithmic systems” .
Identify the three lessons are to be extracted from this
particular case of application to the medical domain
(1) due to society’s increasing data trust deficit, data
transference transparency and openness should be guaranteed;
7 (2) data transference should be proportional to the CO5 2
medical task at hand ; and
(3) governance mechanisms of control of data handling,
management and use should be strengthened or created when
necessary.
How the strong link between privacy and anonymity.
The strong links between privacy and anonymity, on one
side, and legislation, on the other, are clearly described , “there
8 CO5 1
has been very little activity in policy development involving the
numerous significant privacy issues raised by a shift from a
largely disconnected, paper-based health record system to one
that is integrated and electronic”
9
