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Circles

A circle is defined as a set of points equidistant from a center point, with key components including the radius, diameter, and circumference. Important formulas related to circles include those for circumference, area, arc length, and sector area, as well as equations in standard and general forms. Circles have various applications in fields such as engineering, navigation, and design, making their understanding crucial for mathematical and practical purposes.

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50 views2 pages

Circles

A circle is defined as a set of points equidistant from a center point, with key components including the radius, diameter, and circumference. Important formulas related to circles include those for circumference, area, arc length, and sector area, as well as equations in standard and general forms. Circles have various applications in fields such as engineering, navigation, and design, making their understanding crucial for mathematical and practical purposes.

Uploaded by

Vince Galeon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Circles: A Comprehensive Guide

Definition: A circle is a set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed point called the
center. The fixed distance from the center to any point on the circle is called the radius.

Parts of a Circle:

1. Center – The fixed point from which all points on the circle are equidistant.
2. Radius (r) – The distance from the center to any point on the circle.
3. Diameter (d) – The longest chord in a circle, passing through the center. It is twice the
radius (d=2rd = 2r).
4. Chord – A line segment that connects two points on the circle.
5. Circumference (C) – The total distance around the circle.
6. Arc – A portion of the circumference.
7. Sector – A region enclosed by two radii and an arc.
8. Tangent – A line that touches the circle at exactly one point.
9. Secant – A line that intersects the circle at two points.
10. Central Angle – An angle whose vertex is at the center of the circle.

Circle Formulas:

1. Circumference:
o C=2πrC = 2\pi r or C=πdC = \pi d
2. Area:
o A=πr2A = \pi r^2
3. Arc Length:
o L=θ360∘×2πrL = \frac{\theta}{360^\circ} \times 2\pi r, where θ\theta is the
central angle in degrees.
4. Sector Area:
o A=θ360∘×πr2A = \frac{\theta}{360^\circ} \times \pi r^2

Equations of a Circle:

1. Standard Form:
o (x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2(x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2
o Where (h,k)(h, k) is the center and rr is the radius.
2. General Form:
o x2+y2+Dx+Ey+F=0x^2 + y^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0
o Can be converted into standard form by completing the square.

Properties of Circles:

 All radii of a circle are equal.


 The diameter is the longest chord.
 A tangent is perpendicular to the radius at the point of contact.
 Angles subtended by the same arc are equal.
 The angle in a semicircle is always 90°.

Applications of Circles:

 Engineering and architecture (e.g., gears, wheels, domes)


 Navigation and astronomy (e.g., planetary orbits)
 Design and art (e.g., logos, patterns)

Conclusion: Understanding the properties and equations of circles is essential in various


mathematical and real-world applications. Mastering circle concepts helps in geometry,
trigonometry, and advanced mathematics.

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