THANTHAI PERIYAR GOVT.
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ME6604-GAS DYNAMICS AND JET PROPULSION – QUESTION BANK
UNIT-1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND ISENTROPIC FLOWS
Part-A
1. Define Stagnation temperature and write down the formula.
2. Define Mach number and give the expression for velocity of sound.
3. Express stagnation enthalpy in terms of static enthalpy and velocity of flow.
4. Define Mach cone.
5. Differentiate nozzle and diffuser.
6. Give the expression for Mach angle.
7. Define critical Mach number.
8. What is subsonic, sonic and supersonic flow with respect to Mach number?
9. Differentiate between compressible and incompressible flows.
10. Define Crocco number.
11. Define M*.
12. Differentiate nozzle and diffuser.
13. Air at 27°C is flowing at a Mach number of 1.9. Find the air velocity and the Mach angle.
14. Compare the adiabatic and isentropic expansion through a nozzle with T-s diagram.
15. Compare the adiabatic and isentropic expansion through a diffuser with T-s diagram.
16. An airplane is travelling at 1500 kmph at an altitude where the temperature is -60°C. What
is the Mach number at which the air plane is flying?
17. Express cp and cv in terms of γ and R.
18. Give the expression for velocity temperature.
19. Give the Bernoulli equation for incompressible fluid flow.
20. Define impulse function.
Part-B
1. What is the effect of mach number on the compressibility? Prove for γ = 1.4,
(p0-p)/(½ ρc2) = 1 + ¼ M2 + 1/40 M4 + …..
2. A subsonic diffuser operating under isentropic conditions has inlet area of 0.15m 2. The
inlet conditions are c1 = 240m/s, T1 = 300K, p1 = 70kPa. The velocity leaving the diffuser is
120m/s. Calculate for air (i) mass flow rate (ii) stagnation pressure at exit (iii) stagnation
temperature at exit (iv) static pressure at exit (v) change in entropy (vi) exit area
3. Air is discharged from a reservoir at p0 = 6.91bar and t0 = 325ºC through a nozzle to an exit
pressure of 0.98bar. If the flow rate is 3600kg/hr determine for isentropic flow:(i)throat
area,pressure and velocity (ii)exit area, Mach number and (iii)maximum velocity
4. The pressure, temperature and Mach number at the entry of a flow passage are 2.45bar,
26.5°C and 1.4 respectively. If the exit Mach number is 2.5 determine for adiabatic flow
of a perfect gas ( γ = 1.3, R = 0.469 kJ/kg/K): stagnation temperature (ii) temperature and
velocity at exit (iii)the flow rate per square metre of the inlet cross - section.
5. Derive the energy equation a2/γ – 1 + ½ c2 = ½ cmax2 = a02 / γ – 1 = h0 stating the
assumptions used.
Depict the various regions of flow on c – a plot.
6. An air jet (γ = 1.4, R = 287J/kgK) at 400K has sonic velocity. Determine (i) Velocity of
sound at 400K. (ii) Velocity of sound at stagnation conditions. (iii) Max. Velocity of the jet.
(iv) Stagnation enthalpy (v) Crocco number.
7. Air (γ = 1.4, R = 287J/kgK) enters a straight axisymmetric duct at 300K, 3.45bar and
150m/s and leaves it at 277K, 2.058bar and 260m/s. The area of cross-section at entry is
500cm2. Assuming adiabatic flow, determine: (i) Stagnation temperature (ii) Maximum
velocity (iii) mass flow rate and (iv) area of cross-section at exit.
8. The conditions of an air stream at entry to a duct are p 1 = 1bar, T = 300K, M1 = 1.3. If the
Mach number at the exit of the duct is 0.6 determine for adiabatic flow the temperature
and velocity of air at the duct exit.
9. An aircraft is flying at an altitude of 12,000 metres (T = 216.65K, p = 0.193bar) at a Mach
number of 0.82. The cross-sectional area of the inlet diffuser before the L.P. compressor
stage is 0.5m2. Determine: (i) the mass of air entering the compressor per second (ii) the
speed of the aircraft in km/hr (iii) the stagnation pressure and temperature of air at the
diffuser entry.
10. Derive area ratio as a function of Mach number.
11. (i)Speed of an aircraft is 800 km/hr. The stagnation conditions are 105kPa and 308K. Find
static conditions and flight mach number. (Take γ = 1.4 , cp = 1.005 kJ/kg/K)
(ii) Air flows from a reservoir at 550kPa and 343K. Assuming isentropic flow, calculate the
velocity, temperature, pressure at a section where M = 0.6.
12. Starting from the continuity equation ,derive the expression for the area variation in
terms of Mach number and velocity variation and hence obtain the shape (geometry)
for both subsonic and supersonic nozzles and diffusers.
13. Air (cp = 1.05 kJ/kgK, γ = 1.38) at P1 = 3x105 N/m2 and T1 = 500 K flows with velocity of 200
m/s in a 30 cm diameter duct. Calculate (i) mass flow rate (ii) stagnation temperature (iii)
Mach number (iv) stagnation pressure values assuming the flow is compressible.
14. A conical diffuser has entry and exit diameters of 15 cm and 30 cm respectively. The
pressure, temperature and velocity of air at entry are 0.69 bar, 340 K and 180 m/s
respectively. Determine (i) the exit pressure (ii) the exit velocity and (iii) the force
exerted on the diffuser walls. Assume Isentropic flow, γ = 1.4, cp = 1 kJ/kgK.
15. Air flowing in a duct has a velocity of 300 m/s, pressure 1 bar and temperature 290 K.
Taking γ = 1.4 and R = 287 J/kgK, determine (i) Stagnation pressure and temperature (ii)
velocity of sound in the dynamic and stagnation conditions (iii) stagnation pressure
assuming constant density.
16. A conical diffuser has an inlet diameter of 15 cm. The pressure, temperature and velocity
at the inlet to the diffuser are 0.7 bar, 60°C and 180 m/s respectively. If the pressure at
the diffuser exit is 0.78 bar find the exit diameter of the diffuser. Take γ = 1.4.
17. Air flow through a convergent divergent nozzle with an inlet area of 5 cm 2 and an exit
area of 3.8 cm2. At the inlet section the air velocity is 100 m/s, the pressure is 6.5 bar and
the temperature is 60°C. Assuming isentropic flow find the mass flow rate through the
nozzle, the pressure and velocity at exit section.
18. Air at 300K and 1 bar enters a diffuser with a velocity of 245 m/s. The diffuser is to be
designed to reduce the velocity to 60 m/s. The mass flow rate through the diffuser is 13.6
kg/s. Assuming isentropic flow, determine inlet diameter, outlet diameter and rise in
static temperature.
