CRITICAL PATH METHOD (CPM)
A PROJECT MODELING TECHNIQUE
IDENTIFYING THE LONGEST SEQUENCE
OF DEPENDENT TASKS (CRITICAL PATH)
TO DETERMINE THE SHORTEST
PROJECT DURATION.
GANTT CHARTA
VISUAL TIMELINE BAR CHART
DISPLAYING PROJECT TASKS,
START/END DATES, AND PROGRESS
AGAINST TIME.
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE (WBS)
HIERARCHICAL DECOMPOSITION OF A
PROJECT INTO MANAGEABLE TASKS,
DELIVERABLES, AND WORK PACKAGES.
RESOURCE LEVELING
ADJUSTING SCHEDULES TO OPTIMIZE
RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND AVOID
OVERALLOCATION OR SHORTAGES.
BASELINE SCHEDULE
THE APPROVED ORIGINAL PROJECT
PLAN USED TO MEASURE PROGRESS
AND PERFORMANCE.
RISK MANAGEMENT
IDENTIFYING, ANALYZING, AND
MITIGATING POTENTIAL RISKS TO
MINIMIZE PROJECT DISRUPTIONS.
EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT (EVM)
A METHOD INTEGRATING SCOPE,
SCHEDULE, AND COST TO TRACK PROJECT
PERFORMANCE AND FORECAST OUTCOMES.
SCHEDULING SOFTWARE
TOOLS LIKE PRIMAVERA P6 OR
MICROSOFT PROJECT USED TO CREATE
AND MANAGE PROJECT SCHEDULES.
FLOAT/SLACK
THE FLEXIBILITY IN DELAYING A
TASK WITHOUT AFFECTING THE
PROJECT DEADLINE.
MILESTONE
A SIGNIFICANT EVENT OR
CHECKPOINT MARKING KEY
ACHIEVEMENTS IN THE PROJECT
TIMELINE.
FAST TRACKING
OVERLAPPING TASKS ORIGINALLY
PLANNED IN SEQUENCE TO ACCELERATE
THE SCHEDULE (MAY INCREASE RISK).
CRASHING
ADDING RESOURCES (E.G., LABOR,
EQUIPMENT) TO CRITICAL TASKS TO
REDUCE DURATION, OFTEN AT
HIGHER COST.
SCOPE OF WORK
(SOW)A DOCUMENT DETAILING PROJECT
DELIVERABLES, TASKS, AND
EXPECTATIONS TO ALIGN STAKEHOLDERS.
CHANGE ORDER
FORMAL MODIFICATION TO THE
ORIGINAL CONTRACT, ADJUSTING
SCOPE, SCHEDULE, OR COST.
DELAY ANALYSIS
INVESTIGATING CAUSES OF PROJECT
DELAYS AND ASSESSING THEIR IMPACT
ON THE SCHEDULE.
FEASIBILITY STUDY
ASSESSMENT OF A PROJECT’S PRACTICALITY,
INCLUDING TECHNICAL, FINANCIAL, AND
OPERATIONAL FACTORS.
PROJECT CHARTER
A DOCUMENT AUTHORIZING THE
PROJECT, OUTLINING OBJECTIVES,
STAKEHOLDERS, AND HIGH-LEVEL
PLANS.
STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT
ENGAGING AND COMMUNICATING WITH
INDIVIDUALS/GROUPS AFFECTED BY THE
PROJECT.
PROCUREMENT MANAGEMENT
PROCESSES FOR ACQUIRING MATERIALS,
SERVICES, OR EQUIPMENT NEEDED FOR
THE PROJECT.
LEAN CONSTRUCTION
METHODOLOGY FOCUSING ON MINIMIZING
WASTE AND MAXIMIZING VALUE IN
CONSTRUCTION PROCESSES.
BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM)
DIGITAL 3D MODELING TO OPTIMIZE DESIGN,
PLANNING, AND CONSTRUCTION
COLLABORATION.
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
ASSIGNING PERSONNEL, EQUIPMENT,
AND MATERIALS EFFICIENTLY ACROSS
TASKS.
COST ESTIMATION
PREDICTING PROJECT EXPENSES,
INCLUDING LABOR, MATERIALS, AND
OVERHEADS.
BASELINE BUDGET
THE ORIGINAL APPROVED BUDGET
AGAINST WHICH ACTUAL SPENDING IS
COMPARED.
QUALITY CONTROL (QC)
PROCESSES ENSURING WORK
MEETS SPECIFIED STANDARDS AND
REGULATIONS.
HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
STRATEGIES TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS
AND ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH
SAFETY REGULATIONS.
LEAD TIME
THE TIME REQUIRED TO INITIATE OR
COMPLETE A TASK BEFORE A
DEPENDENT TASK CAN START.
LAG TIME
MANDATORY WAITING PERIOD
BETWEEN DEPENDENT TASKS.
WORK PACKAGEA
DETAILED SUBSET OF THE WBS
ASSIGNED TO A TEAM OR
CONTRACTOR FOR EXECUTION.
SCHEDULE COMPRESSION
TECHNIQUES (E.G., CRASHING, FAST-
TRACKING) TO SHORTEN THE PROJECT
TIMELINE.
ACTIVITY DURATION
ESTIMATED TIME REQUIRED TO
COMPLETE A SPECIFIC TASK.
NETWORK DIAGRAMA
FLOWCHART ILLUSTRATING TASK
SEQUENCES AND DEPENDENCIES.
PROJECT LIFECYCLE
PHASES A PROJECT UNDERGOES FROM
INITIATION TO CLOSURE.
CRITICAL ACTIVITY
A TASK ON THE CRITICAL PATH
WITH ZERO FLOAT; DELAYS
DIRECTLY IMPACT THE PROJECT
DEADLINE.
SUBCONTRACTOR MANAGEMENT
OVERSEEING THIRD-PARTY
CONTRACTORS TO ENSURE ALIGNMENT
WITH PROJECT GOALS.
PERMIT AND APPROVAL
LEGAL AUTHORIZATIONS REQUIRED
BEFORE COMMENCING
CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES.
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
PREPARING FOR UNFORESEEN EVENTS
BY ALLOCATING RESERVES (TIME,
BUDGET).
TIME-COST TRADE-OFF
BALANCING PROJECT DURATION AND
COSTS (E.G., CRASHING INCREASES COST
TO REDUCE TIME).
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT BASELINE
(PMB)
INTEGRATED SCOPE-SCHEDULE-COST
BASELINE USED IN EVM FOR PERFORMANCE
TRACKING.
PRODUCTIVITY RATE
OUTPUT PER UNIT OF TIME (E.G.,
CUBIC METERS OF CONCRETE
POURED PER DAY).
MANPOWER PLANNING
STRATEGICALLY MANAGING LABOR
RESOURCES TO MEET PROJECT DEMANDS.
MATERIAL PROCUREMENT
SOURCING AND PURCHASING
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS EFFICIENTLY.
SITE LOGISTICS PLAN
LAYOUT AND ORGANIZATION OF
SITE ACCESS, STORAGE, AND
WORKFLOWS.
BASELINE VARIANCE
DEVIATION BETWEEN PLANNED
(BASELINE) AND ACTUAL PERFORMANCE.
SCHEDULE
UPDATE REVISING THE SCHEDULE TO
REFLECT ACTUAL PROGRESS AND
CHANGES.
TASK DEPENDENCY
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TASKS
(E.G., FINISH-TO-START, START-TO-
START).
BAR CHART
SYNONYM FOR GANTT CHART; VISUAL
REPRESENTATION OF TASKS OVER TIME.
RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNMENT MATRIX
(RAM)
CLARIFIES ROLES (E.G., RACI MATRIX)
FOR TASKS TO AVOID OVERLAPS/GAPS.
CONSTRUCTABILITY REVIEW
EVALUATING DESIGN PRACTICALITY TO
ENSURE EFFICIENT CONSTRUCTION
EXECUTION.
S-CURVE
GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF
CUMULATIVE PROJECT PROGRESS (E.G.,
COSTS, HOURS) OVER TIME.
