ae | 4 Smt Schools | Alin eee Daily Lives © 24 INTRODUCTION 4 NROoe $o now you know what AI is and how it impacts our lives, Previous session also talked about various AI domains and some applications based on these. Let us talk more about Al's applications and their impact in our lives. In this session, we shall talk about Al's applications in terms of smart cities, smart schools and smart homes. 2.2. SMART CITIES Imagine your family got transferred to a new city. There you find that the ‘life’ is somewhat different. You observe that the street lamps light brightly only when needed ; when there are some people in the street. The traffic lights adjust time automatically as per the changing traffic load on the crossing. You go out for shopping but your car screen flashes the nearest parking slot for you, automatically. Your household trash goes into a public bin installed in your lane and amazingly, the municipal vehicle comes to collect it only when the bin is full. Amazed? Well, you should be. Welcome to the smart cities of 21" century. Let us now formally define and talk about smart cities. Asmi ity i i hnology with AI to a ay city De city that any a ee a Asmart city isa city that Provide services ; anticipate and solve city pl = eu plans, designs and manages enhance the lives of citizens. A smart city offers : its needs and services using ® improved transportation and accessibility, ae br esas ® improved social services and inclusion, _ © sustainability, ® interactive control and voice to its citizens. FSS SS TS TS SS Smart City Digital Resource Links { https://www-youtube.com/watch?v=BrSaJa6MkBc \ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bANinYDTzxE \ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1feDP8L4gs Ree ke 27 = ‘Smart City vSMART SOLUTIONS FOR SMART CITIES _Deteing iq presence ~ + Sse isan presse = ators song pes30 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-IK 2.2.1 Smart Cities’ Functioning Let us now have a look at how the modern age smart cities function a Nd Make ; Snore etiiat " 7 lives better. Some examples of smart cities’ functioning are : Hee, © Connected traffic lights receive data from sensors and cars adju; ; 5 sting and timing to respond to real-time traffic, reducing road congesti,, tion, © Connected cars communicate with parking meters and direct drivers 4, th available spot. hey © Electric vehicles (EV) get charging docks at their parking spots (charging while parking). ght Me, Smart cy, iy ¢ Over speeding cars automatically get challans and automaticall: Y fine is der; their linked accounts. ited fg ¢ Smart garbage cans automatically send data to waste management compan, schedule pick-up as needed versus on a pre-planned schedule, a ® Citizens’ smartphone acts as the legit document holder with infor mobile driver's license and ID card with digital credentials. © Smartphones act as one point access system for the city and local governme mation such as, they Nt services *® Smartphones act as smart wallets linked to the bank accounts and Capable of mati, payments on the fly. 4 ‘Smart governance TP sman Smart at A 08 o: ak Smart 7 aa Soy Ss smart city (7 F) soa 7 I bale A smart city uses technologies like loT enabled Devices, Video , =) . z rt Cameras, Social Media, Artificial en SS ey Intelligence etc. 7 Smart infrastructure, Figure 2.1. Smart city structure 2.2.2 Technologies for Smart Cities A smart city is possible only because of the technologies and AI, which are the ® systems behind its functioning. A smart city uses the following technologies : © Zor Enabled Devices. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a special type of network physical objects, called “things”, which are embedded with smart sensos software (and other technologies). The things (IoT devices) connect and ext data with other devices and systems over the Internet. These devices range f°" ordinary household objects to sophisticated industrial tools,4 J Session 2: ALIN DAILY ues 31. video Cameras. Innovative surveillance cameras a mae cope and calc ata, with integrated IoT technology and s al Media. Social media posts, locati i social Me! location etc. give an it at Faces (and hence cn help cy ay an idea about how people are tificial Intelligence. Various AI based technologies and algori Mected data and provide efficient services eee and agin Hep ai | together act as a nervous system for the smart city and help in providing the ese al : ders with constant feedback so they can make informed decisions. stakeno! art city collects and analyses data from IoT sensors, = Asi : Internet of Things 7 ras, social media etc. In essence, it “: ” fs video camel pearantin ta ce, it “senses The Internet of Things the environment so thal 2 city operator can decide (IoT) is a special type of net- how and when to take action. Some actions can be work of physical objects, performed automatically. For example, a public waste “lle "things" (embeded one « 5 a smart sensors and software) to bin can contact the city for service when it is near connect and exchange data capacity instead of waiting for a scheduled pickup. with other devices and systems over the Internet. 3 Benefits of a Smart City There are many practical and economic benefits in smart cities and smart technologies. smart cities offer benefits to all its stakeholders in different forms. These are listed below. Making more Effective and Data-based Decisions Smart cities can access and analyse a large amount of data, and extract meaningful and useful information in real time. All this leads to enhanced service levels. Better Transport Services smart cities use AI and other smart technologies (IoT, computer vision etc.) to provide improved traffic management, easy availability and tracking of trains, buses and taxies, even to large population. Sofer Communities A smart city is a safer city with reduced criminal activities. Technologies such as license plate recognition, shooting detectors, connected crime centres, the next generation of the emergency telephone systems and body cameras give police authorities an advantage While they work. ficient Public Services As natural resources are limited, smart cities effectively conserve and reduce involuntary waste of water and electricity by carefully analysing the usage and wastage. Reduction of the Environmental Footprint Snare ae ner Pon cities use energy-efficient buildings, air quality sensors and renewable energy aaa and thus control the production of harmful gases etc., thereby reducing thelt ‘dlogical impact. - UNIT I; INTRODUCTION To A!32 AeniFiciat INTELUIGENCE-IK New Economic Development Opportunities Smart cities provide an open data platform with access to city informati investments and business as now they can make informed decisions throw’ attrac, of the smart city integrated technologies. ugh, day "ts Inclusion A smart city ensures that there are no physical or digital barriers fo, ani OF Person of the society, irrespective of their income, strata or age,» 9M. Infrastructure Improvement Roads, bridges and old buildings often require massive investments to hs “epaired during their useful life. Smart technology can provide cities with peda iv Teports to identify areas that need to be solved before an infrastructure fy, lute omy egrag s§sgah x Ba S333 = Bese a3 £ 4, S38e gs 8 oe $332 BS SS r s at, 33 a3 es moniite 177 “%g. % e. ! Sepe \ | be j p % \ jSmat_/ fae ry \ $B | Mobiity / ZS 7 S \ \ f iv } on gs | re eb E le Green Pollution control Climate change Energy efcienn, adaptation Reduced emisserns ‘Smart meters 2.2.4 Disadvantages of Smart Cities Bven though Smart cities offer so much and make the lives easier, both for the citi and for the authorities, there are Some challenges/disadvantages of smart cities as is Very Limited Privacy With video surveillance cameras, monitoting of cove)... is , of le activi is very difficult # a ing of social media posts and other peopl recognition, especially at public places, there would not be any personal privat a people just cannot think of Soing out for a small cosy outing without informind installed surveillance eyes @,