National Public School
Banashankari– 61
(2022– 2023)
Subject: Social Science
Topic: Population
Notes
Grade: IX No. of Pages: 03
I. Answer the following questions:
1. Describe the basic factors affecting the population of India.
Answer:
The basic factors affecting the population of India are as under :
• Birth Rate: It is the number of live births per 1,000 individuals of a population per annum.
It increases both population size and population density.
• Death or Mortality Rate: It is expressed as the number of death per 1,000 individuals of a
population per year. It decreases both population size and population density.
• Migration: Migration is the movement of the people across regions and territories.
Migration can be internal or international.
2. What is meant by population growth and how do you calculate it?
Answer:
Growth of population refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country/territory
during a specific period or time as an instance, during the last 10 years. Such a change can be
expressed in two ways: in terms of absolute numbers and in terms of percentage change per
year.
It is obtained by simply subtracting the earlier population from the later population. It is referred
to as absolute increase.
3. What are the push and pull factors of internal migration in India?
Answer:
In India, most migrations have been from rural to urban areas because of the ‘push’ factor in
rural areas. These are adverse conditions of poverty and unemployment in the rural areas and the
‘pull’ of the city in terms of increased employment opportunities and better living conditions.
4. What are the factors that influence the population distribution in India?
Answer:
Factors that influence the population distribution are :
• Type of Climate: Areas having moderate climate have more population than the areas
having extreme climatic conditions. Leh and Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir and western
Rajasthan have extreme type of climate. Therefore, these regions have less or sparse
population.
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• Type of Soil: India’s northern plains and coastal plains are made up of alluvial soil which
is very fertile. So, these areas are densely populated. On the other hand, hilly areas and
deserts are thinly populated.
• Opportunity for Jobs: The areas which have more opportunities of jobs are thickly
populated, whereas areas which do not provide people with job opportunities are sparsely
populated. Urban areas are thickly populated because of this factor.
• Religious and Historical Places like Allahabad, Varanasi, Rameshwaram, Agra etc. are
also thickly populated.
5. Write a short note on adolescent population.
Answer:
The most significant feature of the Indian population is the size of its adolescent population. It
constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India. Adolescents are generally, grouped in the
age-group of 10 to 19 years. They are the most important resource for the future. Nutrition
requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can
lead to deficiency and stunted growth. But in India, the diet available to adolescents is
inadequate in all nutrients. A large number of adolescent girls suffer from anaemia. Their
problems have so far not received adequate attention in the process of development. The
adolescent girls have to be sensitised to the problems they confront. Their awareness can be
improved through the spread of literacy and education among them.
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