Chemistry 12

Unit 1: Reaction Kinetics - Review Assignment

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Chemistry 12

1. During the combustion of methane, CH4, shown by the reaction

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

the concentration of methane was measured at various time intervals and the following
results were obtained:
[CH4]
Time (s)
(mol/L)

10 2.40

20 1.20

30 0.80

40 0.60

Calculate the average rate of methane consumption during the 10 to 40 second time
period.

2. In the following decomposition reaction,

2 N2O5 → 4 NO2 + O2

oxygen gas is produced at the average rate of 9.1 × 10-4 M/s. Over the same period,
what is the average rate of the following:

a. the production of nitrogen dioxide

b. the consumption of nitrogen pentoxide
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3. The following graph shows the change in mass of the beaker and contents compared to
time:

Answer the following questions.

a. What does the decreasing slope tell us about the reaction?

b. What is the reaction rate?
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4. You are to measure the rate of the following exothermic reaction in an insulated
container:
2 Al (s) + 6 HCl (aq) → 2 AlCl3 (aq) + 3 H2 (g)

Which of the following is not a good way to measure the rate of the reaction? Explain
why.
a. Put the reaction on a digital balance and record the decrease in mass as
Aluminium is used up.
b. Measure the change in mass of Al (s) and calculate the rate as the mass of Al (s)
used divided by the time required for the reaction.
c. Measure the change in gas pressure and calculate the rate as the gas pressure
divided by the time required for the reaction.
d. Measure the increase in temperature and calculate the rate as the temperature
change divided by the reaction time.

5. You are to measure the rate of the following reaction: H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2 HCl(g)
Is gas pressure a good property to monitor in order to determine the reaction rate? Why
or why not?

If the rate of consumption of hydrogen gas under certain conditions is 0.200 L/min, what
is the rate of production of HCl(g)?

6. List 3 factors and explain how each affects the rate of a reaction.
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7. Which of the following factors only affects the rate of heterogeneous reactions? Which of
the following affects the activation energy of heterogeneous reactions?
● Surface area
● Temperature
● Catalyst
● Concentration

8. Consider the following reaction:

N H 3 +O2 → N 2 + H 2 O
Which of the following would decrease the rate of product formation? Why?
a. Adding a catalyst
b. Decrease in [O2]
c. Increase in [NH3]
d. Decrease in [N2]

9. State the Law of Conservation of Energy. What is another name for this Law? (Feel free
to look this up somewhere on the internet.).
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10. If all other factors were kept equal, which of the following would cause an increase in
reaction rate? Explain in detail.
a. Decrease in activation energy
b. Increase in activation energy
c. Activation energy doesn’t influence reaction rate

11. Answer the following:

a. Define activation energy with respect to the transition state.
b. Define activated complex with respect to potential energy and stability.

12. Describe what happens to KE and PE when two reactant molecules approach each
other to collide.
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13.
a. Below is a basic kinetic energy diagram. Included is a line to represent activation
energy for a reaction. The axes are labeled but numerical values on these axes
are not needed.
b. Draw two more curves on the diagram, one representing a lower temperature
and the other representing a higher temperature than the first curve you drew.
Label them appropriately.
Chemistry 12

14. Sketch a potential energy curve for a reaction based on the information provided below.

Label the parts representing the transition state, activation energy of the forward
reaction, and change in enthalpy, ΔH, of the forward and reverse reactions.

ΔHforward = -30 kJ Ea reverse = +50 kJ

Then, add to the diagram a possible pathway (curve) for a catalyzed reaction.

15. Answer the following as true or false and explain why.

a. Exothermic reactions proceed faster than endothermic reactions
b. Catalysts lower Ea and ΔH.

16. Think of a set of tasks that you do on a regular basis (such as getting out of bed and
getting ready for school).
Chemistry 12

● List the starting point of this event series (the initial “reactants”).
● List the final end point of the series (the final “product”).
● List the steps required, in the proper order, and the amount of time required for
each step (approximate times are fine).
● Which step is the rate-determining step?
● How might you speed up the rate-determining step?

17. Given the following reaction mechanism,

a. Determine the equation for the overall reaction.

Step 1: A2 (g) → 2 A(g)

Step 2: 2 A(g) + 2 B (g) → 2 AB(g)

Step 3: 2 AB(g) + C2(g) → 2 ABC(g)

Step 4: 2 ABC(g) → 2 AC(g) + 2 B(g)

Overall:

b. List the reaction intermediates for this reaction.

c. Identify the catalyst in this reaction.

18. Digestive enzymes significantly increase the speed of digestion. Digestive enzymes are
an example of
a. A catalyst
b. An activated complex
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c. A transition state
d. An inhibitor

19. Turning the key to start a car causes a spark that allows gasoline to start burning. What
is the role of that spark?
a. It supplies the activation energy
b. It acts as a catalyst
c. It acts as a reaction intermediate
d. It is part of the rate determining step

20. Hydrogen peroxide reacts with hydrogen ions and iodide ions according to the following
reaction mechanism:

Step 1. H+ + H2O2 → H3O2+ fast

Step 2. H3O2+ + I- → H2O + HIO slow

a. Write the overall reaction described by this mechanism

Step 1. H+ + H2O2 → H3O2+

Step 2. H3O2+ + I- → H2O + HIO

Overall:

b. If you wanted to increase the rate of the overall reaction, would it be better to
increase the concentration of H+ or I-. Why?