1.
Usage of Digital and Analog Multi-Meter
ANALOG MULTI-METER
The reading of voltage, current, resistance, frequency, and signal power is rather
accurate with these devices. Although they can be rather cheap, switched-range analog
multimeters might be a little challenging to use. Users who are unfamiliar with multimeters
could find it challenging to read the resistance scale. An analog multimeter runs a needle along
the scale to measure the calibration of the scale. It can be challenging to operate the analog
multimeter because of its low resistance and high sensitivity at smaller scales. When examining
a diode, an analog multimeter has the advantage of typically being more accurate.
DIGITAL MULTI-METER
The display is the main difference between a digital and an analog device, as was
already established. Most of the time, an LED or LCD screen on the digital multimeter shows the
reading in digits. This greatly improves the accuracy of measurements. The digital meter's
increased resistance kk-for more accurate voltage measurement. Furthermore, electrical
amateurs particularly benefit from an auto-ranging capability because the measurement range
can occasionally be unknown.
2. Passive and Active Elements in an Electric Network with their
Definitions.
Active Electronic Component
Diode - A diode is an electrical component that only allows one direction for
electricity to flow. These are the fundamental parts of semiconductors and are
referred to as "active components." They are able to maintain a steady voltage,
control the flow of electricity, and extract radio wave signals.
Light-Emitting Diode (LED) - When an electric current flows through a Light Emitting
Diode (LED), a semiconductor device, it can emit light.
Transistors – A transistor is a small semiconductor that regulates or controls the
flow of current or voltage in addition to generating, amplifying, and functioning as a
switch or gate for these electrical signals. There are 3 layers, or terminals, of a
semiconductor material typically make up transistors. Each of these layers is
capable of carrying a current.
Battery - A battery is a device that uses an electrochemical oxidation-reduction
(redox) cycle to turn the chemical energy included in its active components directly
into electric energy. An electric circuit is used in this kind of reaction to transmit
electrons from one substance to another.
Oscillators - Oscillators are crucial elements in the creation of periodic electrical
signals, most frequently sine or square waves. Oscillators transform DC signals into
periodic AC signals that can be used as a clock, an audio signal, or to set frequency.
Operational Amplifier - An operational amplifier is a high-gain, DC-coupled electrical
voltage amplifier that typically has a single-ended output and differential input. An
op amp generates an output potential in this setup that is generally 100,000 times
greater than the difference in potential between its input terminals.
Seven Segment Display - Light Emitting Diodes are used in a seven-segment display
to generate light energy as photons. All seven of the production's segments—
including the eighth segment, which is a decimal point—emit light to display digits.
Remember that an LED is a solid-state optical p-n junction diode when the
phenomena occurs.
Passive Electronic Component
Capacitors - A capacitor is a device that uses the collection of electric charges on
two nearby surfaces that are electrically isolated from one another to store
electrical energy in an electric field. It has two terminals and is a passive electrical
component. Capacitance refers to a capacitor's effect.
Cables - A cable is a conductor or cluster of conductors used in electronic or
electrical systems to carry electricity or telecommunications signals from one
location to another.
Switches - An electronic switch is a part of a device that may switch an electrical
circuit, preventing the flow of electricity or diverting it to another conductor.
Electronic switches are regarded as binary devices as they provide an on/off option.
Terminals and Connectors - Electronic connectors are used to connect electronic
circuits. These tools are employed in the setting up and powering of electrical
equipment. The terminals and the enclosure make up the two primary parts of an
electrical connection. There are male (plug) and female (jack) components in
electronic connections.
Inductors / Coil - An inductor, also known as a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive
two-terminal electrical component that, when an electric current passes through it,
stores energy in a magnetic field. An insulated wire coiled into a coil is the standard
component of an inductor.
Fuse - An electrical safety device called a fuse works to safeguard an electrical
circuit from overcurrent damage. A metal wire or strip that melts when too much
current passes through it is its primary component, blocking or interrupting the
current.
Resistors - A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component used in circuits
to implement electrical resistance. Among other things, they can be used to divide
voltages, bias active elements, reduce current flow, modify signal levels, terminate
transmission lines, and more.
Transformer - An electrical device known as a transformer distributes energy from
one electric circuit to another using the electromagnetic induction principle. It is
intended to change the frequency of the current while either increasing or
decreasing the AC voltage between the circuits.
3. Proper way of Reading Resistor color codes.
Reading A Resistor In 5 Simple Steps
1. Identify the starting of the first band. You may check to see if there isn't a
significant gap between it and the band nearest to it by doing this. The
tolerance band should be read last since it has a significant gap between it
and the following band. The first band is seen in the illustration below.
2. Identify the first band. You may check to see if there isn't a significant gap
between it and the band nearest to it by doing this. The tolerance band
should be read last since it has a significant gap between it and the following
band. The first band is seen in the illustration below.
3. Find the first value beneath the first digit column using the color of the first
band, then repeat with the second band. The second band color may be
found under the second digit column, etc.
4. There would be a lot of components would be the next band. This color will
decide the value you multiply against the first two numbers you found if you
have a 4-Band resistor.
5. The result of multiplying these figures is the resistor value. However, you
could still have one more band available; this is your tolerance value. Three
tolerances are available: Gold, Silver, and None. If a band is present but not
visible, the tolerance value is 20%; otherwise, check the chart for the value.
Your overall resistance value and tolerance are now known.
