PETC 214 & PECC 221

1. A process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement.

A) Movement
B) Motor Control
C) Motor Learning
D) Physiology
2. Which phase of motor learning involves practicing a new skill?
A) Retention
B) Transfer
C) Acquisition
D) Feedback
Answer: C
Explanation: Acquisition refers to the initial practice or performance of a new skill
3. What is the primary focus of motor learning in exercise, sports, and dance?
A) Theories and applications of motor control and learning.
B) Physical fitness levels.
C) Nutrition for athletes.
D) Psychological aspects of sports.
Answer: A
Explanation: The primary focus is on understanding how motor control and learning theories
apply to physical activities
4. Which principle emphasizes breaking down complex movements into smaller components?
A) Whole practice
B) Part-practice
C) Mental practice
D) Feedback practice
Answer: B
Explanation: Part-practice involves breaking down skills into manageable parts to facilitate
learning
5. In which stage of motor learning can students typically detect errors in their performance?
A) Cognitive stage
B) Associative stage
C) Autonomous stage
D) Initial stage
Answer: C
Explanation: In the autonomous stage, learners can detect and correct their own errors 2.
6. What type of focus is recommended for enhancing motor performance?
A) Internal focus
B) External focus
C) No focus
D) Random focus
Answer: B
Explanation: An external focus directs attention to the outcome rather than the movement itself,
improving performance 7.
7. Which factor is crucial for effective motor skill acquisition?
A) Age of the learner
 B) Amount and type of practice
C) Genetic predisposition
D) Type of sport played
Answer: B
Explanation: The amount, type, dose, and frequency of practice significantly influence motor
skill acquisition 6.
8. What is retention in the context of motor learning?
A) Forgetting a skill after learning it.
B) The ability to perform a skill after a period without practice.
C) Practicing a skill repeatedly without improvement.
D) Learning a new skill without prior knowledge.
Answer: B
Explanation: Retention refers to the ability to perform a skill after some time has passed since it
was last practiced 9.
9. Which type of motor skill is characterized by unpredictable environments?
A) Closed motor skills
B) Open motor skills
C) Discrete skills
D) Serial skills
Answer: B
Explanation: Open motor skills are performed in unpredictable environments where conditions
change 2.
10. What does feedback provide in the context of motor learning?
A) Information about past performance only.
B) Insight into future performance only.
C) Information about performance during practice.
D) No significant value.
Answer: C
Explanation: Feedback during practice helps learners understand their performance and make
necessary adjustments 8.

11. What role do sensory systems play in motor control?

A) They have no role.
B) They provide information for movement adjustments.
C) They only assist in balance.
D) They are solely responsible for muscle contraction.
Answer: B
Explanation: Sensory systems provide critical information that helps adjust movements during
performance 1.
12. Which concept refers to applying learned skills in different contexts?
A) Retention
B) Transfer
C) Acquisition
D) Feedback
Answer: B
Explanation: Transfer refers to applying learned skills in different situations or contexts 9.
13. What is an example of a discrete motor skill?
A) Running a marathon
B) Shooting a basketball
C) Swimming laps
D) Dancing
Answer: B
Explanation: Discrete skills have a clear beginning and end, such as shooting a basketball 2.
14. What does the term "motor development" refer to?
A) Changes in muscle size only.
B) Changes in movement abilities across the lifespan.
C) Learning new sports techniques only.
D) Enhancing physical fitness levels only.
Answer: B
Explanation: Motor development encompasses changes in movement abilities from infancy
through adulthood 5.
15. Which practice strategy involves visualizing performing a skill?
A) Part-practice
B) Mental practice
C) Whole-practice
D) Feedback practice
Answer: B
Explanation: Mental practice involves visualizing the execution of a skill without physical
movement 7.
16. How does age affect motor learning?
A) Older adults learn faster than younger individuals.
B) Age has no effect on learning capabilities.
C) Younger individuals generally learn new skills more quickly than older adults.
D) Only children can learn new skills effectively.
Answer: C
Explanation: Generally, younger individuals tend to learn new skills more quickly due to
neuroplasticity and adaptability 6.
17. What is the significance of "whole practice"?
A) It focuses on practicing individual components separately.
B) It involves practicing an entire skill at once without breaking it down.
C) It is used exclusively for complex skills only.
D) It has no relevance in motor learning strategies.
Answer: B
Explanation: Whole practice involves practicing an entire task as a complete unit, which can be
effective for simpler tasks 7.
18. Which aspect is crucial for enhancing dance performance through motor learning
principles?
A) Nutrition alone
B) Understanding anatomy and biomechanics
C) Practicing dance moves without feedback
D) Focusing solely on aesthetics
Answer: B
 Explanation: Understanding anatomy and biomechanics helps dancers improve their movements
effectively through informed training strategies 5.
19. Which term describes the process by which learners adjust their movements based on
feedback received?
A) Motor development
B) Motor control
C) Motor learning
D) Skill acquisition
Answer: C
Explanation: Motor learning involves adjusting movements based on feedback received during
practice sessions 9.
20. What is an essential characteristic of effective feedback in sports training?
A) It should be vague and general.
B)It should be immediate and specific.
C)It should come only from peers, not coaches.
D)It should avoid mentioning errors.
Answer: B
Explanation: Effective feedback needs to be immediate and specific to help athletes understand
what they did correctly or incorrectly
21. Which is true premise about the Dynamical System Theory?
A) Patterns of movements self-organize within the characteristics of environmental
conditions and the existing body systems of the individual.
B) Movement controlled is by stimulus response.
C) Cortical centers control movement in a top-down manner throughout the nervous system.
D) Adaptive, flexible motor programs (MPs) and generalized motor programs (GMPs) exist to
control actions that have common characteristics.
22. Which of the following Motor control theory premise that the person, the task, and the
environment interact to influence motor behavior and learning.
A) System Model
B) Ecological Theories
C) Motor Program Theory
D) Reflex Theory
23. Which statement about practice variability is true?
A) Constant practice is always better than variable practice.
B) Variable practice enhances adaptability and transferability.
C) Variability should be avoided until mastery is achieved.
D) Practice variability increases anxiety levels.
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Variable practice helps learners adapt their skills to different contexts, enhancing
their ability to transfer skills across situations
24. Which theory emphasizes the role of feedback in motor learning?
A) Ecological Theory
B) Cognitive Theory
C) Dynamic Systems Theory
D) Information Processing Model
Answer: D
 Explanation: The Information Processing Model highlights how feedback is essential for
refining motor skills through cognitive processes
25. What are the three phases of motor learning?
A) Acquisition, retention, transfer
B) Practice, feedback, assessment
C) Preparation, execution, evaluation
D) Planning, execution, recovery
Correct Answer: A. The three phases of motor learning are acquisition (initial practice),
retention (performance after a period), and transfer (applying learned skills in new contexts)
26. What role does "practice" play in motor learning?
A) It has no significant impact on skill acquisition.
B) It is essential for improving capabilities and refining skills.
C) It only helps in physical conditioning.
D) It should be avoided to prevent fatigue.
Correct Answer: B. Practice is essential for improving capabilities and refining skills, as
increased practice correlates with enhanced motor learning outcomes
27. In dance education, what is crucial for effective skill acquisition?
A) Repetition without variation
B) Immediate correction by instructors
C) Attention and perception during demonstrations
D) Performing without music
Correct Answer: C. Attention and perception during demonstrations are crucial for effective
skill acquisition in dance education as they help students relate new movements to past
experiences
28. Which of the following alternatives where in it define as the relatively change in the ability to
execute a motor skill as a result of practice experience.?
A) Motor Skills
B) Motor Learning
C) Motor Performance
D) Motor Acquisition
29. The following are the six components of Motor skills related to fitness. These are agility,
coordination, balance, reaction time, speed and __________.
A) Flexibility
B) Endurance
C) Strength
D) Power
30. Crawling if an example of?
A) Involuntary Muscle
B) Gross Motor Skills
C) Motor Performance
D) Non-Locomotor
31. Any bodily activity that enhances or maintain physical fitness and overall health and wellness.
A) Motor Skills
B) Exercise
C) Physical Activity
D) Sports
32. A physical activity that uses large muscle groups and causes the body to use more oxygen than it
would while resting.
A) Aerobic Exercise
B) Anaerobic Exercise
C) Flexibility
D) Ergonomics
33. What does "external focus" mean in motor learning?
A) Concentrating on body movements during performance
B) Directing attention towards the effects of movement on the environment
C) Focusing solely on winning competitions
D) Ignoring feedback from instructors
Correct Answer: B. External focus involves directing attention towards the effects of movement
on the environment (e.g., aiming at a target), which improves performance outcomes
34. Which theory best explains how individuals learn complex motor skills?
A) Cognitive theory
B) Ecological theory
C) Behavioral theory
D) Social learning theory
Correct Answer: B. The ecological theory emphasizes how individuals learn complex motor
skills by interacting with their environment and adapting their movements accordingly
35. What is an example of intrinsic feedback?
A) Observing your score after a game
B) Feeling your muscles work during an exercise
C) Receiving comments from a coach
D) Watching a video replay
Correct Answer: B. Intrinsic feedback refers to sensory information received from one's own
body during movement, such as feeling muscle engagement during an exercise