DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
DIVISION OF ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR
MAHAYAG NORTH DISTRICT
MAHAYAG SCHOOL OF ARTS AND TRADE
ss
Self- Learning
Materials
Lesson 1
Basic Sentence
Patterns
EMILY SAGAP CUBE
Writer
SOURCES:
Grammar and Composition Handbook pp. 138- 143
http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/basic-sentence-patterns/7basic-sentence-paterns.html#
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-basic-sentence-patterns.html#
www.facebook.com/larningenglishvocabularygrammar
Overview
This module will serve as a self-learning materials for the student to test their capacity
on how they know the topic, this means that they will study the lesson through this module and
they will do it in their own ability to understand the topic.
In this module the learner will learn the following;
Basic Parts of the Sentence
Recognizing the Basic Sentence Patterns
Examples of each patterns
Importance of learning the basic patterns
Recognizing the five basic structures of simple sentences can be helpful as you later
begin to identify subordinate structures that expand these simple structures. At the heart of
any complete sentence, you will find one or more of these basic patterns. Sometimes the
patterns are not so obvious as they appear when listed together. However, as you become
familiar with these structures, you will become skilled in recognizing and expanding them with
subordinate structures.
LEST’S START
Directions: Identify the pattern of the following
sentence.
1. She will come.
a) SV b) SVO c) SVC d) SVOC
2. She became a teacher.
a) SVCA b) SVO c) SVA d) SVC
3. One of the boys must go.
a) SVC b) SVOA c) SVCA d) SV
4. I wish you Happy New Year.
a) SV b) SV IO DO c) SVC d)SVOC
5. It is dark everywhere.
a) SVC b) SVCA c) SVA d) SVOA
6. I am a programmer in this company.
a) SVC b) SVCA c) SVA d) SVOA
7. He always dresses neatly.
a) SAVA b) SVCA c) SVOA d) SVOAA
8. He gave the book to him.
a) SVO b) SV DO A c) SV DO IO d) SV IO DO
9. The sun shines.
a) SO b) SV c) SA d) S DO
10. I met his friend yesterday.
a) SVOA b) ASV c) SVC d) SVOC
11. They gave me coffee.
a) SV IO DO b) SVOA c) SV IO d) SCVA
12. They gave a pen to him.
a) SVAC b) SVOA c) SV IO DO d) SV DO IO
13. He irons his shirt
a) SVC b) SVOA c) SVCA d) SVO
14. This morning at seven I heard a sound
a) SVO IO b) AASVO c) ASVO d)SVCA
15. Site here.
a) VA b) OA c) VO d) V IO
16. My grandfather told me a story.
a) SVC b) SV IO DO c) SV IO d) SVOA
17. Marry cooks deliciously.
a) SVC b) SVA c) SVO d) AVS
18. I gave her a doll.
a) SVA b) SV IO A c) SV DO IO d) SV IO DO
19. The cock is on the roof.
a) SVA b) SVC c) SAC d) SV
20. Ricky is the team leader.
a) SVC b) ASV c) SVA d) SVOC
Let’s Study
Basic parts of the sentence
Subject. The subject of a sentence is that noun,
pronoun, or phrase or clause about which the
sentence makes a statement.
Einstein's general theory of relativity has been subjected to many tests of validity
over the years.
Although a majority of caffeine drinkers think of it as a stimulant, heavy users of
caffeine say the substance relaxes them.
Surrounding the secure landfill on all sides are impermeable barrier walls.
(inverted sentence pattern)
In a secure lanfill, the soil on top and the cover block storm water intrusion into the
landfill.
(compound subject)
Verb phrase. The main verb, or verb phrase, of a
sentence is a word or words that express an
action, event, or a state of existence. It sets up a
relationship between the subject and the rest of
the sentence.
The first high-level language to be widely accepted, FORTRAN, was
implemented on an IBM 704 computer.
Instruction in the source program must be translated into machine
language. (passive construction)
The operating system controls the translation of the source program
and carries out supervisory functions. (compound verb)
Predicate. The predicate is the rest of the
sentence coming after the subject. It can include
the main verb, subject complement, direct object,
indirect object, and object complement.
The pressure in a pressurized water reactor varies from system to system.
The pressure is maintained at about 2250 pounds per square inch to prevent
steam from forming.
The pressure is then lowered to form steam at about 600 pounds per square inch.
In contrast, a boiling water reactor operates at constant pressure.
Subject complement. The subject complement is
that noun, pronoun, adjective, phrase, or clause
that comes after a linking verb (some form of
the be verb):
The maximum allowable concentration is ten parts H2S per million parts breathable
air.
The deadening of the sense of smell caused by H2S is the result of the effects of H2S
on the olfactory nerves of the brain.
Continuous exposure to toxic concentrations of H2S can be fatal.
Direct object. A direct object—a noun, pronoun,
phrase, or clause acting as a noun—takes the
action of the main verb. A direct object can be
identified by putting what?, which?, or whom? in
its place.
The housing assembly of a mechanical pencil contains the
mechanical workings of the pencil.
Lavoisier used curved glass discs fastened together at their rims,
with wine filling the space between, to focus the sun's rays to
attain temperatures of 3000° F.
The dust and smoke lofted into the air by nuclear explosions
might cool the earth's atmosphere some number of degrees.
A 20 percent fluctuation in average global temperature could
reduce biological activity, shift weather patterns, and
ruin agriculture.
(compound direct object)
The cooler temperatures brought about by nuclear war might end
all life on earth.
On Mariners 6 and 7, the two-axis scan platforms provided much
more capability and flexibility for the scientific payload than
those of Mariner 4.
(compound direct object)
Indirect object. An indirect object—a noun,
pronoun, phrase, or clause acting as a noun—
receives the action expressed in the sentence. It
can be identified by inserting to or for.
In the application letter, tell [to] the potential employer that a resume
accompanies the letter.
The company is designing [for] senior citizens a new walkway to the park area.
Do not send [to] the personnel office a resume unless someone there specifically
requests it.
Object complement. An object complement—a
noun or adjective coming after a direct object—
adds detail to the direct object. To identify object
complements, insert [to be] between the direct
object and object complement.
The superviser found the program [to be] faulty.
The company considers the new computer [to be] a major breakthrough.
Most people think the space shuttle [to be] a major step in space exploration.
BASIC SENTENCE PATTERN
I. Subject + Intransitive verb(S+IV)
Intransitive verb- not taking or not having a direct object
Ex. My cousin works in Canada.
S IV
- Answers the question how, when, & where
II. Subject + Linking verb + Subject Complement (S+LV+SC)
Subject complement- Follows a subject and a linking verb and identifies or
describes the subject.
2 KINDS
PREDICATE NOMINATIVE- noun/pronoun that follows a linking verb and points back to
the subject to rename it or to identify it further.
Ex.
Cellists are musicians.
SC
Soloist for this concert is someone from Dallas.
S LV SC
PREDICATE ADJECTIVE- is an adjective that follows a linking verb and points back to
the subject and further describes it.
Ex.
My sister is generous.
S LV SC
The coffee shop looked busy.
S LV SC
III. Subject + Transitive verb + Direct Object (S+TV+DO)
Direct Object – answers the question what? or whom? after an action verb.
Ex.
My teacher built a bookcase.
S TV DO
Estella sold her computer.
S TV DO
IV . Subject + Transitive verb +Indirect Object+ Direct object (S+TV+IO+DO)
Indirect Object answers the question to/for whom? to/for what? after an action verb.
Ex.
My mother built them a bookcase.
S TV IO DO
Bobong bought Jenie and Lily a candy.
S TV IO DO
Let’s Practice:
Directions: Write each complement and identify it by writing DO
for a direct object, IO for an indirect object, OC for an object
complement, PN, for a predicate nominative, or PA for a
predicate adjective.
1. My favorite playwright is William Shakespeare.
2. Not one person considered Claude our leader.
3. Melchor became the head lifeguard at the city pool.
4. The team voted Stanley and Mary Eldyn co-captains.
5. The volcano eruption was terrifying.
6. The lull in the storm gave the tourists a false sense of security.
7. Try the hard – boiled eggs.
8. Ashley Mae demonstrated the technique for kneading bread.
9. The young couple named their baby Charlie.
10. My Mediocre grades were predictable.
Let's have a
Directions: Identify and tell the basic sentence pattern from
the following sentences.
Example: He is a dentist.
S V C
1. Glorybe hated lima beans.
2. Books convey ideas.
3. The sea is beautiful.
4. The writer sold his publisher a three-part story.
5. The pitcher threw the catcher a curve ball.
6. Samantha called her sister a baby.
7. The queen was laid to rest.
8. Books were read to the children.
9. Dinner is served at eight.
10. The baby crawls and coos.
11. Spring rain and flowers abound.
12. Margaret recalled a memory.
13. Susan shovels snow.
14. President Obama gave a speech
15. The new candidate gives me hope.
16. I offered the candidate my support.
17. Squirrels drove the dogs mad.
18. They called Cherry a genius.
19. It seems absurd.
20. I gave Juliet a penny.
