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Solving Systems of Linear Equations

The document provides methods for solving systems of linear equations through examples and exercises. It demonstrates how to eliminate variables to find solutions for given equations, showcasing three examples with detailed steps. Additionally, it includes exercises for practice along with their solutions.

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22ur0532
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9 views2 pages

Solving Systems of Linear Equations

The document provides methods for solving systems of linear equations through examples and exercises. It demonstrates how to eliminate variables to find solutions for given equations, showcasing three examples with detailed steps. Additionally, it includes exercises for practice along with their solutions.

Uploaded by

22ur0532
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solving Systems of Linear Equations

There are two algebraic ways of solving a system of equations. Here is a reminder of each.

Example 1: Solve: 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 10
4𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 8
Solution
If we add the left-hand sides and the right-hand sides of these equations, the y terms will drop out. We will be left with
an equation in x only, which we can solve easily.

2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 10
4𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 8
6𝑥 + 0 = 18
𝑥=3

We now know that x = 3 is part of the solution of the system. We substitute 3 for x in either equation and solve for y.
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 10
2(3) + 3𝑦 = 10
6 + 3𝑦 = 10
3𝑦 = 4
4
𝑦= 3

4
So, the solution is (3, 3).

Example 2: Solve: 2𝑥 + 9𝑦 = 49
5𝑦 = 31 − 3𝑥

Solution:
First we rewrite the equations with the variables in the same order on the same side. That makes everything easier.
2𝑥 + 9𝑦 = 49
3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 31

In order to be able to eliminate one variable, we want the coefficients of x or those of y to be additive inverses. The
coefficients of x will be inverses if we multiply the first equation by 3 and the second equation by -2. Then we can add
left-hand and right-hand sides, eliminating x, and solve for y. We get
6𝑥 + 27𝑦 = 147 Multiplying by 3
−6𝑥 − 10𝑦 = −62 Multiplying by -2
17𝑦 = 85
𝑦=5

Then we can substitute 5 for y in one of the original equations and solve it for x.

3𝑥 + 5(5) = 31 Substituting for x


3𝑥 + 25 = 31
3𝑥 = 6
𝑥=2 Simplifying

So, the solution is (2,5).

Example 3: Solve: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4
6𝑦 + 3𝑥 = 54
Solution

The first equation tells us that y = 2𝑥 + 4, so we can substitute 2x + 4 for y in the second equation:

6𝑦 + 3𝑥 = 54
6(𝑥 + 4) + 3𝑥 = 54
12𝑥 + 24 + 3𝑥 = 54
15𝑥 + 24 = 54
15𝑥 = 30
𝑥=2

Then we can substitute 2 for x in one of the original equations and solve it for y. The first equation seems easiest.

𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4
𝑦 = 2(2) + 4 Substituting for x
𝑦 = 8 Simplifying

We now have (x, y) = (2, 8). To check, we substitute these values for x and y in the two equations.

𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 4 6𝑦 + 3𝑥 = 54
8 = 2(2) + 4 6(8) + 3(2) = 54
8=4+4 48 + 6 = 54
8 = 8 54 = 54

So, the solution is (2, 8).

Exercises: Use either method to solve the systems below.

1. 6𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 34
𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2

2. 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 20
𝑥+𝑦 =8

3. 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 26
6𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 28

4. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 1

5. 2𝑥 = 3𝑦 − 1
𝑦=5

Solutions

1. (−1, −5) 2. (4,4) 3. (5,1) 4. (0,1) 5. (7,5)

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